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SECTION 1: Radiation Physics & Fundamentals
Question 1
What is the basic unit of absorbed radiation dose?
A. Sievert
B. Becquerel
C. Gray
D. Coulomb
Answer: C. Gray
,Explanation:
The Gray (Gy) is the SI unit of absorbed dose, representing 1
joule of radiation energy absorbed per kilogram of matter.
The Sievert (Sv) measures biological effect, while Becquerel
(Bq) measures radioactivity.
Question 2
Which type of radiation has the greatest penetrating
power?
A. Alpha particles
B. Beta particles
C. Gamma rays
D. Neutrons
Answer: C. Gamma rays
Explanation:
Gamma rays are highly penetrating electromagnetic
radiation. Alpha particles are least penetrating, while beta
particles are intermediate. Neutrons also penetrate deeply
,but are less common in routine radiation protection
contexts.
Question 3
Ionization occurs when:
A. An atom gains energy
B. An electron is removed from an atom
C. A nucleus splits
D. Radiation is reflected
Answer: B. An electron is removed from an atom
Explanation:
Ionization involves removing an electron, creating an ion.
This is key to how radiation damages biological tissue.
Question 4
What is the unit of radioactivity?
, A. Gray
B. Sievert
C. Becquerel
D. Roentgen
Answer: C. Becquerel
Explanation:
The Becquerel (Bq) represents one nuclear decay per
second. It measures how radioactive a source is.
Question 5
Which interaction is most dominant for low-energy
photons?
A. Pair production
B. Compton scattering
C. Photoelectric effect
D. Nuclear reaction