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Fiscal Policy - ANSWERS-government decisions to adjust levels of spending and
taxation, in order to influence the nation's economy
Recessionary Gap - ANSWERS-real GDP < Potential GDP
Inflationary Gap - ANSWERS-real GDP > Potential GDP
Demand-side negative shock - ANSWERS-Consumer confidence falls:
Demand-side positive shock - ANSWERS-Government spending increases:
Demand-side positive shock - ANSWERS-The price of foreign goods increases:
Supply-side negative shock - ANSWERS-The price of oil increases:
Supply-side negative shock - ANSWERS-A cyclone destroys manufacturing plants:
Financial Markets - ANSWERS-a market in which people trade future claims on
funds/goods
,Buyers - ANSWERS-Borrowers- want to spend funds on something now that they dont
have the cash for right now
Sellers - ANSWERS-Savers- let others borrow money for a price
Three functions of the bank - ANSWERS-1. serve as an intermediary
2.provide liquidity
3.diversify risk
Serve as an intermediary - ANSWERS-serves as a middleman among diverse parties in
order to facilitate financial transactions. Common types include commercial banks,
investment banks, stockbrokers, pooled investment funds, and stock exchanges.
Provide Liquidity - ANSWERS-makes it easy to get cash when and where you want it
ex. atm, check books, debit account
Diversify risk - ANSWERS-pull from several peoples' savings
Loanable Funds Market - ANSWERS-x-axis: qty of money
y-axis: interest rate
Supply: lenders
Demand: borrowers
real interest rate - ANSWERS-nominal interest rate- expected inflation
lower the equilibrium interest rate and increase the quantity of funds saved and
invested. - ANSWERS-Loanable Funds Market:
The government decides to reduce the number of weeks a person is eligible for
unemployment compensation. How does this impact people who are presently
employed?
, this will? lower the equilibrium interest rate and decrease the quantity of funds saved
and invested. - ANSWERS-Numerous firms remain concerned about growth prospects
in the economy.
How will this affect the graph for loanable funds?raise the equilibrium interest rate and
increase the quantity of funds saved and invested. - ANSWERS-The budget deficit of
the government increases.
How will this affect the graph for loanable funds?
a. $-0.39 trillion
b. $0.7trillion
c. $-1.09 trillion - ANSWERS-Suppose government spending was $3.80 trillion, tax
revenue was $4.50 trillion, GDP was $14.06 trillion, and total consumer spending was
$10.65 trillion.
Expansionary Fiscal Policy - ANSWERS--Cut taxes
-Increase gov spending
:used when
-economy is under performing
-recessionary gap
-below full employment
Contractionary Fiscal Policy - ANSWERS--Raise taxes
-Cut gov spending
:used when
-economy is over performing
-inflationary gap
-unemployment too low