MSCP COMP EXAM QUESTIONS ANSWERED CORRECTLY LATEST UPDATE 2026

MSCP COMP EXAM QUESTIONS ANSWERED CORRECTLY LATEST UPDATE 2026 Psychoanalytic Therapy - Answers Behavior is determined by unconscious forces, early experiences, and by sexual and aggressive impulses. Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy - Answers This approach states people experience feelings of anxiety and despair due largely to their irrational thinking. Person-Centered Therapy - Answers Mental Health is viewed as the congruent balance between the ideal self and the real self. Gestalt Therapy - Answers This approach emphasizes personal responsibility, unfinished business, avoidance, direct experience in the here-and-now, and awareness. Behavior Therapy - Answers A goal of this approach is eliminating maladaptive behavior patterns through employing techniques of acceptance and commitment to change. Adlerian Therapy - Answers This theory places central importance on encouragement and community feeling. Both (Reality therapy) and (Behavior Therapy) - Answers Insight can be helpful but is not considered essential for therapeutic change to occur. Person-Centered Therapy - Answers The concept of "therapist congruence" is central in this approach. Reality Therapy - Answers This approach is not considered an experiential therapy. Alfred Adler - Answers Which theorist stressed the view that universal feelings of inferiority and striving for power are basic components of personality development? Critical tasks associated with each stage of development. - Answers Erik Erikson based his theory on: A comprehensive and detailed system of personality. - Answers A contribution of psychoanalytic approach is: Few techniques are generated from this approach. - Answers A limitation of the existential approach is: There has been little empirical research to support the interventions used. - Answers A limitation of the postmodern approaches is that: The ID - Answers Which is the following structures of personality houses our childish impulses? Donald Meichenbaum - Answers Stress-inoculation training is associated with: Our choices are at the root of our psychological distress. - Answers Currently reality therapy is based on the notion that: Michael White - Answers All the following are associated with solution-focused therapy except: Explore problems transmitted from generation to generation. - Answers In working with a client, a solution-focused therapist would be least likely to use which of the following techniques? Family Sculpting - Answers One of Satir's techniques is: Client may become too dependent - Answers Many counselors use Rogerian-type encouraging responses with their clients. What might be a concern for their overuse? Interpretation - Answers "Could it be that your current behavior is related to unresolved family of origin issues?" is an example of a(n): Honestly giving client feedback after considering possible effects. - Answers Being "genuine" with a client means: Reflection of the content - Answers "When she left you alone, you started to cry" is an example of a(n): All of the above: bring closure to a session; refocus a client who seems to be wandering; clarify important client statements - Answers Summarization can be used to: Dream work - Answers What is not part of a Reality Therapy group process? Rudolf Dreikurs - Answers Who developed most Adlerian Therapy group methods? Faciliating - Answers Opening-up clear and direct communication among members; helping members assume increasing responsibility for the group's direction is called: Increase the free activity or public self area - Answers The common group process goal illustrated the Johari Window is to: Developing Trust - Answers Most counselors agree that the fundamental task of the initial stage of group process is: Working stage - Answers Group characteristics including cohesiveness, shared leadership functions, open communication and freely giving feedback are illustrative of a group at the: Summarizing - Answers In order to avoid fragmentation and giving direction to a session, as well as to provide continuity and meaning; an effective group leader will use: Protagonist - Answers In Psychodrama, the group member selected to "work" is called the: A didactic and highly directive role - Answers The role of the REBT leader can be characterized as: Codes are intended to be a blueprint that would remove the need for the use of judgement and ethical reasoning. - Answers Which of the following is NOT correct? Am I doing what is best for my client? - Answers Virtue ethics asks which of the following questions? nonmaleficence - Answers The following principle implies avoidance of doing harm, which includes refraining from actions that risk hurting clients: Identify the problem, or dilemma. - Answers Of the following steps in making an ethical decision, which one step would most likely be the initial step taken by a practitioner in resolving an ethical dilemma? Privileged communication - Answers The legal right which exists by statute and which protects the client from having his or her confidences revealed publicly from the witness stand during legal preoceedings without their permission is the definition of: Privacy - Answers The freedom of individuals to choose for themselves the time, place, manner, and extent of sharing oneself with orhers is the definition of: Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 - Answers HIPPA is an acronym for: The Tarasoff Case - Answers The following guiding principle was the basis for the decision in which court case? "The public policy favoring protection of the confidential character of patient-psychotherapist communication must yeild to the extent to which disclosure is essential to avert danger to others. The protective privilege ends where the public peril beings." Therapists are advised to avoid dual relationships with their clients. - Answers What is an accepted ethical guideline in terms of having social and personal relationships with clients? Mentoring - Answers Which of the following is an example of a relationship that involves the blending of roles, yet clearly has the potential to be beneficial to the client? Virtually all of the professional organizations now have a specific statement condemning sexual intimacies in the client/therapist relationship. - Answers Concerning ethical standards on sexual intimacy between client and mental health professional: It is best to discuss the matter with the colleague. - Answers If you become aware of unethical behavior on the part of a colleague, most codes of ethics state that: To refer clients to other professionals when working with them is beyond their professional training. - Answers Therapists have an ethical responsibility: Has met certain specific requirements in terms of education and training. - Answers Licensure assures the public that the licensee: Who determines the quality of the peer reviewer? - Answers A drawback of the peer review model is implied in which question? Standardized - Answers When a test uses the same administration instructions, the same scoring procedures and is normed, it is said to be: Split-half reliability - Answers The Spearman-Brown formula is associated with ________? Content - Answers A researcher wants to develop an achievement test for mathematics for 3rd grade. She begins by looking at the materials in third grade math textbooks. This procedure is most likely related to what type of validity? Standard error of Measurement - Answers Which statistic would be most useful in estimating a person's true score? 85 - Answers A percentile rank of _______ would be closest to a T score of 60? Interest - Answers Which type of test is most likely used in assisting a person with a choice of college major? Concurrent - Answers Dr. Chang wants to validate his new intelligence test. First he administers his test to a group of 50 students. Then he administers the well know Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale and then correlates the results of the two tests. The type of validity that he is most likely computing is: Criterion-related validity coefficient - Answers If Dr. Santee wants to try to predict the overall performance of graduate students in the MSCP Program by using their previous GPA in their undergraduate degree program, he most likely will want to compute the: Reliability, Validity - Answers The Standard Error of Measurement is to ______ as the Standard Error of the Estimate is to ______. Construct Validity - Answers The Multi-Trait, Multi-Method procedure is useful in assessing the ______ of an instrument? Slightly above average - Answers A Wechsler IQ score of 112 woild indicate that the individual's intelligence level is: Face Validity - Answers Assessing a person's intelligence by asking them to draw a picture of him/herself would most likely be said to be lacking in: Fear; Similar - Answers At about eight months of age, people across the world start to _____ stragers; as adults they prefer the company of those whose attributes are _____ to their own. Emotional excitability - Answers An infant's temperament refers most directly to its: Natural Selection - Answers Evolutionary psychology studies the evolution of behavior and the mind using principles of: She lacked language skills for organizing her early life experiences. - Answers Four-year-old Karen can't remember anything of the first few months of her life. This is best explained by the fact that: Sensorimotor - Answers During which of Piaget's stages does a person develp an awareness that things continue to exist even when they are not perceived? Preoperational - Answers According to Piaget, a child can represent things with words and images but cannot reason with logic during the ______ stage. Body contact - Answers Studies of monkeys raised with artificial mothers suggest that mother-infant emotional bonds result primarily from mothers providing infants with: Secure attachment - Answers Children's sense that their parents are trustworthy and dependable is most indicative of: Popular and self-assured - Answers Compared to "late bloomers," boys who mature sexually at an early age tend to be more: Affirmation of self-defined ethical principles - Answers According to Kohlberg, postconventional morality involves: Intimacy - Answers Erikson suggested that the adolesecent search for identity is followed by a developing capacity for: Early Adulthood - Answers Physical abilities such as muscular strength, reaction time, sensory keenness, and cardiac output reach their peak during: Discourages progressive efforts to change common social practices. - Answers Critics of evolutionary psychology are most likely to suggest that it: Adaptive capacity - Answers Cultural diversity best illustrates our: Norms - Answers Those who study cultural influences on behavior are most likely to highlight the importance of: More likely to display signs of humility and less likely to report that they find it easy to manipulate people. - Answers Compared to people in individualist cultures, those in collectivist cultures are: Individualism - Answers Religious and ethnic diversiy are most likely to be appreciated in a culture characterized by: Personal independence - Answers Compared with many Asian and Africian parents, today's Westernized parents are more likely to teach their children value: Person-to-person differences within cultural groups are larger than difference between groups. - Answers Cross-cultural research on human development indicates that: Genetic similarities between the genders are much greater than genetic differences. - Answers In considering gender differences, it is helpful to remmeber that: Individualism - Answers The importance of romance in marriage relationships is most strongly emphasized in cultures characterized by: More likely to be emotionally expressive and less likely to be punctual. - Answers Compared with northern Europeans, people from Mediterranean cultures are: Participate in household activities. - Answers Parents in Asian cultures are more likely than parents in Westernized cultures to encourage chidren to: A set of expected behaviors for males and females. - Answers Gender roles refers to: A sense of being male or female. - Answers Gender identity refers to: Observation and imitation play a crucial role in the gender-typing process. - Answers Social learning theorists emphazize that: More men than women engaged in fighting and aggressive encounters. - Answers Which of the following would you most likely observe on extended visits to foreign countries? Longitudinal study - Answers Research in which the same group is tested and retested over a period of years is a: Extends from the lower left to the upper right of the plot. - Answers Professor Chang displays the relationship between the height and weight measurements of over 500 randomly selected people using a scatterplot. The points on the scatterplot are most likely clustered in a pattern that: Cross-sectional study - Answers To test for age differences in intelligence, at the beginning of the school year a researcher gave the same intelligence test to groups of children who were 8, 10, 12, and 14 years of age. This procedure best illustrates a: Findings are due to chance variations. - Answers Statistical significance refers to whether research: The standard deviations of the sample groups are small. - Answers An observed difference between two sample groups is more likely to be statistically significant if: Conduct a test of statistical significance. - Answers A random sample of females was observed to exhibit a lower average level of self-esteem than a random sample of males. In order to assess the likelihood that this observed difference reflects a real difference in the average self-esteem of the total population of males and females, it is necessary to: Regression toward the mean - Answers Which statistical phenomenon refers to the tendency for extraordinary or unusual events to be followed by more ordinary events? Operational definition - Answers A specification of how a researcher measures a research variable is known as a(n): Describe a skewed distribution - Answers The mode, median, and mean are most likely to have different values when they: Recognize the errors in our own ideas. - Answers The scientific attitude requires an open-minded humility because it involves a willingness to: The double-blind procedure - Answers Both the researcher and the participants in a memory study are ignornat about which participants have actually received a potentially memory-enhancing drug and which have received a placebo. This investigation involves the use of: Naturalistic observation - Answers In order to compare the pace of life in different countries, investigators measured the speed with which postal clerks completed a simple request. This best illustrates the use of a research method known as: Better reading ability is associated with greater physical weight among elementary school students. - Answers If the correlation between the physical weight and reading ability of elementary school students is +0.85, this would indicate that: Random assignment - Answers The accurately infer cause and effect, experimenters should use: Independent - Answers In an experimental study of the effects of anxiety on self-esteem, anxiety would be the ______ variable. Dependent - Answers In the psychological experiement, the factor that may be influenced by the manipulated experimental treatment is called the ______ variable. Evaluations from informal interviews - Answers Which of the following is generally the poorest predictor of future job performance? Calling - Answers Those who view their work as a fulfilling and socially useful activity are said to view work as a: Personality theory - Answers John Holland's Theory of career interests would most likely be classified as a: Super - Answers Which Career Development theoriest is associated with career or vocational maturity, the life-career raibow, and life space-life cycle concepts? Art - Answers The Holland Code letter of "A" is associated with jobs related to: TAT - Answers Which test would most likely NOT be used in a career counseling setting? Katz - Answers Which theorist is associated with the System of Interactive Guidance and Information (SIGI) program? OOH - Answers Which of the following would be most likely consult for information related to the number of plumbers needed in 2015? Slowing of digestion - Answers When confronted by a armed robber, your emotional arousal is likely ti be accompanied by: Epinephrine - Answers A hormone that increases heart rate, blood pressure, and blood suagr levels in times of emergency is: Parasympathetic - Answers Which division of the nervous system calms the body after an emergency has passed? Body's response to prolonged stress - Answers The general adaptation syndrome describes stages in the: Those who have been recently widowed or divorced are more vulnerable to disease. - Answers Research in stresfful life events indicates that: Type A - Answers Friedman and Rosenman referred to competitive, hard-driving, impatient, and easily angered individuals as ______ personalities. Psychoneuroimmuology - Answers An understanding of how stress affects our resistance to disease is the central focus of the field of: Inhibiting the production of lymphocytes. - Answers Stress is most likely to speed the progression from HIV to AIDS by: Stronger when only women are considered than when only men are considered. - Answers The correlation between religiosity and longevity has been observed to be: Perceived control - Answers Elderly nursing home residents tend to decline faster and die sooner than they would otherwise if they lack: Provide an Excellent Education - Answers Which Marianist Value best exemplifies the influence of technology in delivery of psychoeducational materials and services, including counseling? Educate in Family Spirit - Answers Which Marianist Value best exemplifies the values expressed in the group counseling class, and in active participation in all class activities? Educate for Adaptation to change - Answers Father Chaminade once said, "New times call for new methods." This is best represented by which Marianist Value? autonomy versus shame and doubt Immersion - Answers Erikson described independence as an important issue in the second year of life and identified this stage of development as: Conformity - Answers Cultural identity development models typically start with the _______ age? Subjective understanding of the client in the here-and-now - Answers According to Rogers, accurate empathy is most appropriately defined as: Modeling appropriate behaviors for the group - Answers A group leader can best enhance a group member's participation by: There is one best career goal for everyone - Answers A basic assumption of the trait-and-factor approach to vocational counseling is that: Interpretation of the results relative to a normal distribution - Answers A primary benefit of converting raw scores to standard scores is that it facilitates: Quasi-experimental - Answers The research design which manipulates the independent variable and a between-connections comparison with no random assignment of subjects to conditions is known as: American Association for counseling and Development - Answers During the late 1970s and early 1980s, members of the American Personnel and Guidance Association (APGA) became aware that the words personnel and guidance did not accurately define or reflect their work. Therefore, in 1983 APGA changed its name to: Informed Consent - Answers The right of clients to be informed about their therapy and to make autonomous decisions pertaining to it Competency for informed consent - Answers Capacity: client has the ability to make rational decisions. Comprehension of information: therapists must give clients information in a clear way and check to see that they understand in. Voluntariness: person giving consent is acting freely in decision-making process and is legally/psychologically able (competent) to give consent. Confidentiality - Answers Foundation of safe therapy, prohibited from disclosing confidential communications to any 3rd party unless mandated/permitted by law to do so. Advised to err on side of being overly cautious in protecting confidentiality of clients, unless mandated such as reporting child/elder abuse. Clients have right to expect communications will be kept within bounds of the professional relationship Privileged communication - Answers legal concept, generally bars the disclosure of confidential communications in a legal proceeding (therapists can refuse to answer questions in court or refuse to produce a client's records in court). If client waives this right, no legal reason to withhold the information. Respect for Privacy - Answers Counselors respect their clients right to privacy and avoid illegal and unwarranted disclosures of confidential information. Client Waiver - Answers The right to privacy may be waived by the client or his or her legally recognized representative. Exceptions - Answers The general requirement that counselors keep information confidential does not apply when disclosure is required to prevent clear and imminent danger to the client or others or when legal requirements demand that confidential information be revealed. Counselors consult with other professionals when in doubt as to the validity of an exception. Contagious, Fatal Diseases - Answers A counselor who receives information confirming that a client has a disease commonly known to be both communicable and fatal is justified in disclosing information to an identifiable third party, who by his or her relationship with the client is at a high risk of contracting the disease.