CSD 452 EXAM QUESTIONS ANSWERED CORRECTLY LATEST UPDATE 2026
Speech related resonance is best described as: - Answers Amp and damp occurring in the vocal tract
Are formant frequencies fixed or relative? - Answers relative
Based on the (Liberman's) Motor Theory, what is the fundamental unit of language? (Pick One) -
Answers Speech gesture
Based on the motor theory, successful speech perception relies on: - Answers Successfully inferring
the speech gesture embedded within the speech code
Formant frequencies best represent - Answers Resonating frequencies found in the vocal tract
Glides represent: - Answers Speech gesture with a quick F2 transition, periodic laryngeal sound
source
How is spoken language perceived relative to formant frequencies? - Answers Formant frequencies
retain the same relative spacing or proportional relationship relative to each other which remain very
similar from person to person. Formant frequencies are primarily used to infer the speakers filter.
How is the vowel quadrilateral associated with formant frequencies? - Answers The vowel quad is a
spatial representation of F1 and F2, because the VQ is essentially a spacial representation of MTC
relative to tongue height and MTC of the tongue within the oral cavity
Liquids represent: - Answers -A continuous speech gesture
- A periodic laryngeal sound source
Resonant frequencies from the vocal tract are also known as: - Answers Formant frequencies
Resonation is: - Answers Acoustic phenomenon that occurs as you pass sound in or through a body or
chamber
Specifically relative to "Sonorants" sonorant resonance is best described as: - Answers
The physiological boundaries on the first (imaginary) functional resonating chamber are: - Answers
Glottis to Max tongue height
The physiological boundaries on the second (imaginary) functional resonating chamber are: -
Answers Teeth to the outer edge of the lips
The physiological boundaries on the third (imaginary) functional resonating chamber are: - Answers
MTC to teeth
Vowels represent: - Answers -Continous speech gesture
-Have a periodic sound source
-Generally identified by strong stable and flat formant structure
What are formant frequencies? (Note: Only F1, F2, and F3) - Answers Resonating frequencies from
each of the imaginary functioning chambers in the vocal tract
What can we infer from formant frequencies? - Answers Vocal tract configuration
What can we infer from harmonic frequencies? - Answers Fundamental frequency
What has the greatest influence on formant frequencies? - Answers Vocal tract configuration
What has the greatest influence on harmonic spacing? - Answers Fundamental frequency
What primarily controls F1? - Answers _ Height of MTC
-Shape and size of pharyngeal cavity
What primarily controls F2? - Answers -Anterior/posterior advancement of MTC
- Shape and size of oral cavity
What primarily controls F3? - Answers -Lip rounding
-Lip Spreading
Which variables quantify sound? - Answers -Frequency
-Duration
-Intensity
"Create the Plan" is an example of? - Answers -Assimilation of place
-Anticipatory Coarticulation
Affricates include: - Answers -dz
-h
Affricates represent: - Answers - A continuous speech gesture
-Potentially both a periodic laryngeal sound source but must have an aperiodic supra-laryngeal sound
source
Fricatives represent: (/h/ not included): - Answers -A continuous speech gesture
-Potentially contains both a periodic laryngeal sound source but always an aperiodic supra-laryngeal
sound source
Speech related resonance is best described as: - Answers Amp and damp occurring in the vocal tract
Are formant frequencies fixed or relative? - Answers relative
Based on the (Liberman's) Motor Theory, what is the fundamental unit of language? (Pick One) -
Answers Speech gesture
Based on the motor theory, successful speech perception relies on: - Answers Successfully inferring
the speech gesture embedded within the speech code
Formant frequencies best represent - Answers Resonating frequencies found in the vocal tract
Glides represent: - Answers Speech gesture with a quick F2 transition, periodic laryngeal sound
source
How is spoken language perceived relative to formant frequencies? - Answers Formant frequencies
retain the same relative spacing or proportional relationship relative to each other which remain very
similar from person to person. Formant frequencies are primarily used to infer the speakers filter.
How is the vowel quadrilateral associated with formant frequencies? - Answers The vowel quad is a
spatial representation of F1 and F2, because the VQ is essentially a spacial representation of MTC
relative to tongue height and MTC of the tongue within the oral cavity
Liquids represent: - Answers -A continuous speech gesture
- A periodic laryngeal sound source
Resonant frequencies from the vocal tract are also known as: - Answers Formant frequencies
Resonation is: - Answers Acoustic phenomenon that occurs as you pass sound in or through a body or
chamber
Specifically relative to "Sonorants" sonorant resonance is best described as: - Answers
The physiological boundaries on the first (imaginary) functional resonating chamber are: - Answers
Glottis to Max tongue height
The physiological boundaries on the second (imaginary) functional resonating chamber are: -
Answers Teeth to the outer edge of the lips
The physiological boundaries on the third (imaginary) functional resonating chamber are: - Answers
MTC to teeth
Vowels represent: - Answers -Continous speech gesture
-Have a periodic sound source
-Generally identified by strong stable and flat formant structure
What are formant frequencies? (Note: Only F1, F2, and F3) - Answers Resonating frequencies from
each of the imaginary functioning chambers in the vocal tract
What can we infer from formant frequencies? - Answers Vocal tract configuration
What can we infer from harmonic frequencies? - Answers Fundamental frequency
What has the greatest influence on formant frequencies? - Answers Vocal tract configuration
What has the greatest influence on harmonic spacing? - Answers Fundamental frequency
What primarily controls F1? - Answers _ Height of MTC
-Shape and size of pharyngeal cavity
What primarily controls F2? - Answers -Anterior/posterior advancement of MTC
- Shape and size of oral cavity
What primarily controls F3? - Answers -Lip rounding
-Lip Spreading
Which variables quantify sound? - Answers -Frequency
-Duration
-Intensity
"Create the Plan" is an example of? - Answers -Assimilation of place
-Anticipatory Coarticulation
Affricates include: - Answers -dz
-h
Affricates represent: - Answers - A continuous speech gesture
-Potentially both a periodic laryngeal sound source but must have an aperiodic supra-laryngeal sound
source
Fricatives represent: (/h/ not included): - Answers -A continuous speech gesture
-Potentially contains both a periodic laryngeal sound source but always an aperiodic supra-laryngeal
sound source
