CSD 417 CHPT 4 EXAM QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT ANSWERS LATEST UPDATE 2026
Aphasia - Answers Acquired deficit in the ability to produce/comprehend written/spoken language
due to damage to the brain
Expressive Language Deficit - Answers Difficulty in formulation or production of language
Receptive Language Deficit - Answers Difficulty in the ability to derive meaning from language
Anomia - Answers Word-finding deficit
Verbal Comprehension Deficit - Answers Inability to comprehend verbal language produced by others
Paraphasias - Answers Errors in phonemes, words, or phrases produced unintentionally due to higher
level language deficits
Phonemic/Literal Paraphasia - Answers Error at the phonemic level, e.g., 'taple' for 'staple'
Neologism/Neologistic Paraphasia - Answers Word produced is entirely different and more than 50%
unintelligible, e.g., 'dowfler' for 'pencil'
Semantic Paraphasia - Answers Substitution of one word for another word that is similar in meaning,
e.g., 'glass' for 'cup'
Unrelated Verbal Paraphasia - Answers Substitution of one word for another word that is not similar
in meaning, e.g., 'lunch' for 'bicycle'
Perseveration - Answers Word that is said repeatedly and inappropriately
Agrammatism - Answers Lack of using basic grammar and syntax by omitting function words
Repetition Deficits - Answers Inability to repeat due to lesion at arcuate fasciculus
Alexia - Answers Acquired impairment of reading caused by lesion at the angular gyrus
Agraphia - Answers Inability to form letters, words, symbols, or sentences
Self Repair - Answers When a speaker restates or revises a word or phrase in order to produce it
error-free
Speech Disfluencies - Answers Pathological production of phoneme repetitions, word repetitions,
part-word repetitions, phrase repetitions, prolongations, and/or interjections
Struggle in Nonfluent Aphasias - Answers Frustration and anger may occur with expressive deficits
due to loss of automaticity of language
Preserved Language - Answers Rote or overlearned language, e.g., counting to ten, reciting the days
of the week
Automatic Language - Answers Language produced automatically or closely associated with a
stimulus
Associated Cognitive Deficits - Answers May not always occur with aphasia, though it is unlikely that
brain damage will occur without cognitive deficits
Associated Motor Deficits - Answers Commonly co-occurs with aphasia, often occur when frontal
lobe is damaged
Cortical Aphasias - Answers Damage to the cerebral cortex
Subcortical Aphasias - Answers Damage to subcortex
Atypical aphasias - Answers A category of aphasias that do not fit typical patterns.
Crossed aphasia - Answers Aphasia resulting from a lesion in the right hemisphere.
Primary progressive aphasias - Answers A group of neurodegenerative disorders affecting language
abilities.
Progressive nonfluent aphasia - Answers Characterized by agrammatic speech and reduced fluency.
Semantic dementia - Answers Degeneration primarily in the temporal lobes affecting meaning of
words.
Transcortical Motor Aphasia - Answers Disfluent speech with preserved articulation unless lesion
reaches motor cortex.
Global Aphasia - Answers Severe impairment in both receptive and expressive language abilities.
Wernicke's Aphasia - Answers Good speakers with poor comprehension and significant receptive
deficits.
Transcortical Sensory Aphasia - Answers Fluent speech with poor auditory comprehension and intact
repetition.
Conduction Aphasia - Answers Impaired repetition with fluent speech and intact auditory
comprehension.
Anomic Aphasia - Answers Fluent speech with significant anomia and intact receptive language.
Thalamic Aphasia - Answers Almost fluent speech with significant anomia and impaired receptive
language.
Aphasia - Answers Acquired deficit in the ability to produce/comprehend written/spoken language
due to damage to the brain
Expressive Language Deficit - Answers Difficulty in formulation or production of language
Receptive Language Deficit - Answers Difficulty in the ability to derive meaning from language
Anomia - Answers Word-finding deficit
Verbal Comprehension Deficit - Answers Inability to comprehend verbal language produced by others
Paraphasias - Answers Errors in phonemes, words, or phrases produced unintentionally due to higher
level language deficits
Phonemic/Literal Paraphasia - Answers Error at the phonemic level, e.g., 'taple' for 'staple'
Neologism/Neologistic Paraphasia - Answers Word produced is entirely different and more than 50%
unintelligible, e.g., 'dowfler' for 'pencil'
Semantic Paraphasia - Answers Substitution of one word for another word that is similar in meaning,
e.g., 'glass' for 'cup'
Unrelated Verbal Paraphasia - Answers Substitution of one word for another word that is not similar
in meaning, e.g., 'lunch' for 'bicycle'
Perseveration - Answers Word that is said repeatedly and inappropriately
Agrammatism - Answers Lack of using basic grammar and syntax by omitting function words
Repetition Deficits - Answers Inability to repeat due to lesion at arcuate fasciculus
Alexia - Answers Acquired impairment of reading caused by lesion at the angular gyrus
Agraphia - Answers Inability to form letters, words, symbols, or sentences
Self Repair - Answers When a speaker restates or revises a word or phrase in order to produce it
error-free
Speech Disfluencies - Answers Pathological production of phoneme repetitions, word repetitions,
part-word repetitions, phrase repetitions, prolongations, and/or interjections
Struggle in Nonfluent Aphasias - Answers Frustration and anger may occur with expressive deficits
due to loss of automaticity of language
Preserved Language - Answers Rote or overlearned language, e.g., counting to ten, reciting the days
of the week
Automatic Language - Answers Language produced automatically or closely associated with a
stimulus
Associated Cognitive Deficits - Answers May not always occur with aphasia, though it is unlikely that
brain damage will occur without cognitive deficits
Associated Motor Deficits - Answers Commonly co-occurs with aphasia, often occur when frontal
lobe is damaged
Cortical Aphasias - Answers Damage to the cerebral cortex
Subcortical Aphasias - Answers Damage to subcortex
Atypical aphasias - Answers A category of aphasias that do not fit typical patterns.
Crossed aphasia - Answers Aphasia resulting from a lesion in the right hemisphere.
Primary progressive aphasias - Answers A group of neurodegenerative disorders affecting language
abilities.
Progressive nonfluent aphasia - Answers Characterized by agrammatic speech and reduced fluency.
Semantic dementia - Answers Degeneration primarily in the temporal lobes affecting meaning of
words.
Transcortical Motor Aphasia - Answers Disfluent speech with preserved articulation unless lesion
reaches motor cortex.
Global Aphasia - Answers Severe impairment in both receptive and expressive language abilities.
Wernicke's Aphasia - Answers Good speakers with poor comprehension and significant receptive
deficits.
Transcortical Sensory Aphasia - Answers Fluent speech with poor auditory comprehension and intact
repetition.
Conduction Aphasia - Answers Impaired repetition with fluent speech and intact auditory
comprehension.
Anomic Aphasia - Answers Fluent speech with significant anomia and intact receptive language.
Thalamic Aphasia - Answers Almost fluent speech with significant anomia and impaired receptive
language.
