Why are low-G pushovers prohibited?
Give this one a try later!
During a low-G pushover, the main rotor torque reaction will combine with
tail rotor thrust to produce a powerful right rolling moment on the
fuselage. With no lift from the rotor, there is no lateral control to stop the
rapid right roll so mast bumping can occur. Severe inflight mast bumping
usually results in main rotor shaft separation and/or rotor blade contact
with the fuselage.
What is vortex ring state (settling with power)? (FAA-H-8083-21)
Give this one a try later!
Vortex ring state describes an aerodynamic condition where a helicopter
may be in a vertical descent with up to maximum power applied, and little
, or no cyclic authority. The term "settling with power" comes from the fact
that the helicopter keeps settling even though full engine power is applied.
What is ground resonance? (FAA-H-8083-21)
Give this one a try later!
Ground resonance is an aerodynamic phenomenon associated with fully
articulated rotor systems. It develops when the rotor blades move out of
phase with each other and cause the rotor disc to become unbalanced.
This condition can cause a helicopter to self-destruct in a matter of
seconds.
However, for this condition to occur, the helicopter must be in contact with
the ground. If you allow your helicopter to touch down firmly on one
corner (wheel type landing gear is most conducive for this) the shock is
transmitted to the main rotor system. This may cause the blades to move
out of their normal relationship with each other. This movement occurs
along the drag hinge.
What is VNE below 3,000 feet for the R-22? (POH)
Give this one a try later!
102 KIAS.
What is pendular action? (FAA-H-8083-21)
Give this one a try later!
, Since the fuselage of the helicopter, with a single main rotor, is suspended
from a single point and has considerable mass, it is free to oscillate either
longitudinally or laterally in the same way as a pendulum. This pendular
action can be exaggerated by over controlling; therefore, control
movements should be smooth and not exaggerated
Describe the electrical system on your helicopter. (AFM)
Give this one a try later!
The electrical system includes a 14-volt, 60-ampere alternator, voltage
regulator or controller, battery contactor, and 12-volt, 25 ampere-hour
batteries.
Define Basic Empty Weight (FAA-H-8083-21)
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The starting point for weight computations is the basic empty weight, which
is the weight of the standard helicopter, optional equipment, unusable fuel,
and full operating fluids including full engine oil.
What is the correct procedure if the tachometer fails in flight? (POH)
Give this one a try later!
, If rotor or engine tach malfunctions in flight, use remaining tach to monitor
RPM. If it is not clear which tach is malfunctioning or if both tachometers
are malfunctioning, allow governor to control RPM and land as soon as
practical.
How does carburetor heat affect the helicopter? (FAA-H-8083-21)
Give this one a try later!
Carburetor heat is intended to keep the fuel/air mixture above the freezing
temperature to prevent the formation of carburetor ice. Carburetor heat
can be used to melt ice that has already formed in the carburetor if the
accumulation is not too great.
What is required for the development of vortex ring state? (FAA-H-8083-21)
Give this one a try later!
The following combinations of conditions are likely to cause settling in a
vortex ring state:
a. A vertical or nearly vertical descent of at least 300 feet per minute.
(Actual critical rate depends on the gross weight, RPM, density altitude, and
other pertinent factors.)
b. The rotor system must be using some of the available engine power
(from 20 to 100 percent).
c. The horizontal velocity must be slower than effective translational lift
(ETL).
Give this one a try later!
During a low-G pushover, the main rotor torque reaction will combine with
tail rotor thrust to produce a powerful right rolling moment on the
fuselage. With no lift from the rotor, there is no lateral control to stop the
rapid right roll so mast bumping can occur. Severe inflight mast bumping
usually results in main rotor shaft separation and/or rotor blade contact
with the fuselage.
What is vortex ring state (settling with power)? (FAA-H-8083-21)
Give this one a try later!
Vortex ring state describes an aerodynamic condition where a helicopter
may be in a vertical descent with up to maximum power applied, and little
, or no cyclic authority. The term "settling with power" comes from the fact
that the helicopter keeps settling even though full engine power is applied.
What is ground resonance? (FAA-H-8083-21)
Give this one a try later!
Ground resonance is an aerodynamic phenomenon associated with fully
articulated rotor systems. It develops when the rotor blades move out of
phase with each other and cause the rotor disc to become unbalanced.
This condition can cause a helicopter to self-destruct in a matter of
seconds.
However, for this condition to occur, the helicopter must be in contact with
the ground. If you allow your helicopter to touch down firmly on one
corner (wheel type landing gear is most conducive for this) the shock is
transmitted to the main rotor system. This may cause the blades to move
out of their normal relationship with each other. This movement occurs
along the drag hinge.
What is VNE below 3,000 feet for the R-22? (POH)
Give this one a try later!
102 KIAS.
What is pendular action? (FAA-H-8083-21)
Give this one a try later!
, Since the fuselage of the helicopter, with a single main rotor, is suspended
from a single point and has considerable mass, it is free to oscillate either
longitudinally or laterally in the same way as a pendulum. This pendular
action can be exaggerated by over controlling; therefore, control
movements should be smooth and not exaggerated
Describe the electrical system on your helicopter. (AFM)
Give this one a try later!
The electrical system includes a 14-volt, 60-ampere alternator, voltage
regulator or controller, battery contactor, and 12-volt, 25 ampere-hour
batteries.
Define Basic Empty Weight (FAA-H-8083-21)
Give this one a try later!
The starting point for weight computations is the basic empty weight, which
is the weight of the standard helicopter, optional equipment, unusable fuel,
and full operating fluids including full engine oil.
What is the correct procedure if the tachometer fails in flight? (POH)
Give this one a try later!
, If rotor or engine tach malfunctions in flight, use remaining tach to monitor
RPM. If it is not clear which tach is malfunctioning or if both tachometers
are malfunctioning, allow governor to control RPM and land as soon as
practical.
How does carburetor heat affect the helicopter? (FAA-H-8083-21)
Give this one a try later!
Carburetor heat is intended to keep the fuel/air mixture above the freezing
temperature to prevent the formation of carburetor ice. Carburetor heat
can be used to melt ice that has already formed in the carburetor if the
accumulation is not too great.
What is required for the development of vortex ring state? (FAA-H-8083-21)
Give this one a try later!
The following combinations of conditions are likely to cause settling in a
vortex ring state:
a. A vertical or nearly vertical descent of at least 300 feet per minute.
(Actual critical rate depends on the gross weight, RPM, density altitude, and
other pertinent factors.)
b. The rotor system must be using some of the available engine power
(from 20 to 100 percent).
c. The horizontal velocity must be slower than effective translational lift
(ETL).
