Human Resource Management (HRM) - Answers The study of policies, practices, and systems that
influence employees' behavior, attitudes, and performance.
Sustainable Competitive Advantage - Answers An advantage over competitors that is held for a
sustained period of time.
Job Analysis - Answers The process of getting detailed information about existing jobs to define what
a person does and the qualifications needed.
Job Description - Answers A list of the Tasks, Duties, and Responsibilities (TDRs) that a job entails.
Job Specification - Answers A list of the Knowledge, Skills, Abilities, and Other characteristics (KSAOs)
an individual must have.
KSAOs - Answers Knowledge (facts), Skills (proficiency), Abilities (enduring capability), and Other
(personality/traits).
Job Design - Answers Defining how work will be performed and what tasks will be required in a
certain job.
Industrial Engineering - Answers Designing jobs to find the simplest way to structure work to
maximize efficiency.
Job Enlargement - Answers Broadening the types of tasks performed to make a job less repetitive
(Horizontal loading).
Job Rotation - Answers Moving employees among several different jobs to enlarge the range of tasks.
Job Enrichment - Answers Empowering workers by adding more decision-making authority (Vertical
loading).
Ergonomics - Answers The study of the interface between physiology and the work environment to
minimize physical strain.
Recruiting - Answers Activities carried on with the primary purpose of identifying and attracting
potential employees.
Personnel Selection - Answers The process through which organizations decide who will or will not be
invited to join.
Reliability - Answers The degree to which a selection measure provides consistent scores over time.
Validity - Answers The degree to which a measure predicts actual job performance (accuracy).
Multiple-Hurdle Model - Answers Process of arriving at a selection decision by eliminating candidates
at each stage of the process.
Compensatory Model - Answers Process where a very high score on one assessment can make up for
a low score on another.
Utility - Answers The extent to which a selection method provides economic value greater than its
cost.
Structured Interview - Answers An interview consisting of a predetermined set of questions for the
interviewer to ask.
Situational Interview - Answers A structured interview asking 'What would you do?' in a hypothetical
scenario.
Behavior Description Interview (BDI) - Answers A structured interview asking 'What did you do?' in a
past situation.
Legitimate Power - Answers Power obtained through formal authority or a person's formal position.
Reward Power - Answers Power obtained by promising or granting rewards (raises, praise).
Coercive Power - Answers Power obtained through threats of punishment or delivery of actual
punishment.
Expert Power - Answers Power derived from having knowledge or information that others need.
Referent Power - Answers Power derived from personal characteristics, charisma, or reputation.
Rational Persuasion - Answers Using reason, logic, or facts to convince others.
Ingratiation - Answers Getting someone in a good mood before making a request (flattery).
Organizational Politics - Answers Intentional acts in pursuit of self-interests that may conflict with
organizational interests.
Managers - Answers Focused on the current, efficiency, planning, and organizing.
Leaders - Answers Focused on the future, challenging the status quo, and inspiring others.
Narcissism - Answers A self-centered perspective, feelings of superiority, and a drive for personal
power.
Machiavellianism - Answers Use of manipulation and a moral code that puts results over principles.