NSG 5140 Midterm Exam questions and answers Graded A+

NSG 5140 Midterm Exam questions and answers Graded A+ Sodium-Potassium Pump - The sodium-potassium pump moves 3 Na⁺ ions out and 2 K⁺ ions into the cell, creating an electrochemical gradient essential for membrane potential. Mitochondria - Mitochondria are known as the 'powerhouse' of the cell due to their role in oxidative phosphorylation and ATP generation. Metabolic Acidosis Lab Values - In metabolic acidosis, there is a loss of bicarbonate or accumulation of acids, lowering both bicarbonate and pH. B Lymphocytes - B cells differentiate into plasma cells which produce antibodies, central to humoral immunity. Hallmark of Reversible Cellular Injury - Reversible injury often involves failure of ion pumps leading to water influx and cell swelling. Interleukin-1 (IL-1) - IL-1 acts on the hypothalamus to raise the body temperature set point, causing fever