COMM 291 FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS
AND ANSWERS (VERIFIED AND
UPDATED)
Nominal Variable - ANS Categorical or numerical values, used to identify. You can't put them
in order or do math with them.
Ordinal Variable - ANS Categorical or numerical values, used to classify or identify. You can
rank them and put them in order but you can't do math.
Identifier Variable - ANS Unique string of numbers and or/letters representing that name of
the variable.
What is it called if a population parameter is unknown, and a sample static to estimate it? -
ANS Confidence Interval
What is it called if a claim is made about a population parameter, and we use a sample static to
test it? - ANS Hypothesis Test
The larger a sample size is, the less ________________ it has and it is described as? -
ANS Variability and standard error
How big does a sample size need to be? - ANS >30 according to CTL
@2026/2027 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED.
, What is the 10% condition? - ANS Means we do not have to sample over 10% of the
population.
What is a random sample? - ANS A sample that is picked in a totally random way and is
totally unbiased.
What is a Voluntary response and is it random sample? - ANS No because if someone want's
to be a part of the study which is not random.
What is a Nonresponse bias? - ANS People simply do not respond to your survey
What is undercoverage? - ANS When a survey under-covers a certain type or characteristic of
the parts in a sample.
What is Simple Random Sampling? - ANS Selection of a random amount of individuals from
the sample is done randomly where a random chance is applied to anyone.
What is Systematic sampling? - ANS When we select Xth number of people on the list for the
sample.
What is Stratified sampling? - ANS First, divide the population into subgroups categorized by
some characteristics. Then take an equal amount from each segment and include it in your
sample.
What is cluster sampling? - ANS Dividing the population into a group/cluster then selecting a
sample from each cluster
Two staged cluster - ANS Do a cluster sample but then do simple random sample or systemic
sampling.
@2026/2027 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED.
AND ANSWERS (VERIFIED AND
UPDATED)
Nominal Variable - ANS Categorical or numerical values, used to identify. You can't put them
in order or do math with them.
Ordinal Variable - ANS Categorical or numerical values, used to classify or identify. You can
rank them and put them in order but you can't do math.
Identifier Variable - ANS Unique string of numbers and or/letters representing that name of
the variable.
What is it called if a population parameter is unknown, and a sample static to estimate it? -
ANS Confidence Interval
What is it called if a claim is made about a population parameter, and we use a sample static to
test it? - ANS Hypothesis Test
The larger a sample size is, the less ________________ it has and it is described as? -
ANS Variability and standard error
How big does a sample size need to be? - ANS >30 according to CTL
@2026/2027 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED.
, What is the 10% condition? - ANS Means we do not have to sample over 10% of the
population.
What is a random sample? - ANS A sample that is picked in a totally random way and is
totally unbiased.
What is a Voluntary response and is it random sample? - ANS No because if someone want's
to be a part of the study which is not random.
What is a Nonresponse bias? - ANS People simply do not respond to your survey
What is undercoverage? - ANS When a survey under-covers a certain type or characteristic of
the parts in a sample.
What is Simple Random Sampling? - ANS Selection of a random amount of individuals from
the sample is done randomly where a random chance is applied to anyone.
What is Systematic sampling? - ANS When we select Xth number of people on the list for the
sample.
What is Stratified sampling? - ANS First, divide the population into subgroups categorized by
some characteristics. Then take an equal amount from each segment and include it in your
sample.
What is cluster sampling? - ANS Dividing the population into a group/cluster then selecting a
sample from each cluster
Two staged cluster - ANS Do a cluster sample but then do simple random sample or systemic
sampling.
@2026/2027 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED.
