NEHA CP-FS EXAM STUDY GUIDE
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
SOLUTIONS||100% GUARANTEED
PASS||UPDATED 2026\2027
SYLLABUS||A+ GRADED||<<RECENT
VERSION>>
NEHA REHS/RS Exam - ANSWER ✓ Consists of 225 multiple-choice questions
split into two parts with 200 scored items and 25 unscored pilot questions.
Mesophilic bacterial - ANSWER ✓ Moderate temperature loving bacteria . Most
foodborne illness . bacteria . Most foodborne illness bacteria fall into this
temperature group .
Four stages of bacterial growth - ANSWER ✓ 1. Lag 2. Log 3. Stationary 4.
Death
Protozoa - ANSWER ✓ One - celled organism , but not a bacteria . Classified
with parasites .
Parasite - ANSWER ✓ Lives in or on a host and consumes their food , energy , or
resources . Benefits at the expense of its host .
Physical Hazards - ANSWER ✓ Items that may cause choking or injury if
consumed in food.
Chemical Hazards - ANSWER ✓ Elements and compounds that may cause
illness or injury if consumed in food.
Chemicals
Biological Hazards - ANSWER ✓ Contamination occurs when sufficient
numbers of harmful microorganisms, such as bacteria, fungi, viruses, and parasites,
get into food.
,Most foodborne illness is caused by biological contaminants.
Allergens - ANSWER ✓ Any nonparasitic antigen (protein) capable of evoking a
hypersensitive immune response in allergic individuals.
Bacteria - ANSWER ✓ Single-celled microorganisms found in nearly every
environment on Earth.
All bacteria require some combination of food, acidity, time to grow and
reproduce, temperature, the presence or absence of oxygen, and available moisture.
Remember FAT TOM
Food
Acidity
Time
Temperature
Oxygen
Moisture
Pathogens - ANSWER ✓ Group of bacteria capable of causing illness in humans
if consumed in food
Thermophilic - ANSWER ✓ Organisms with optimum growth temperature
between 110-158 F. cause spoilage instead of illness. Grow best above 110 F
Bacillus cereus
Clostridium perfringens
Mesophilic - ANSWER ✓ Organisms having optimum growth temperature
between 70-113 F. Most pathogens are mesophilic and grow best at 70-110 F.
Staphylococcus aureus
Salmonella
Listeria monocytogenes
E coli
Psychrophilic - ANSWER ✓ Organisms having optimum growth temperature less
than 35-50 F
Campylobacter jejuni
Yersinia enterocolitica
,Aeromonas hydrophila
Pseudomonas spp.
Infection - ANSWER ✓ Direct consumption of a pathogen in sufficient quantities
to cause illness.
Pathogens present in food
Person ingests pathogen
Pathogen directly causes illness
Salmonella
Campylobacter
Shigella
Listeria
Yersinia
Toxins - ANSWER ✓ Chemical byproducts that either directly harm tissues or
evoke an immune system response.
Intoxication - ANSWER ✓ Consuming a toxin produced in food.
Pathogens present in food
Pathogen creates a toxin in food
Person ingests toxin
Taxin causes illness
Bacillus cereus (Emetic)
Staphylococcus aureus
C. botulinum
Toxin-mediated infection/toxico-infection - ANSWER ✓ Occurs when a
pathogen is consumed that later produces a toxin while in the digestive system.
Pathogens present in food
Person ingests pathogen
Pathogen creates a toxin in the gut
Toxin causes illness
C. perfringens
, B. cereus (Diarrheal)
E. coli 0157:H7
Spore Formers - ANSWER ✓ Clostridium perfringens
Bacillus cereus
Clostridium botulinum
Pathogens associated with poor personal health and hygiene - ANSWER ✓
Norovirus
Hepatitis A
Salmonella
Shigella
Staphylococcus
E. coli
Mandatory reporting to Health District (13) - ANSWER ✓ Campylobacter
Cryptosporidium
Cyclospora
Entamoeba histolytica
E. coli
Giardia
Hepatitis A
Norovirus
Salmonella spp.
Salmonella typhi
Shigella
Vibrio cholerae
Yersinia
saturated zone - ANSWER ✓ Gravity pulls water to a depth where all openings in
soil or rock are filled with water
water table - ANSWER ✓ Top of saturated zone Rises and falls according to
season Rain and Snow
Vadose zone - ANSWER ✓ Is the part of the unsaturated zone directly below the
surface and contains some water
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
SOLUTIONS||100% GUARANTEED
PASS||UPDATED 2026\2027
SYLLABUS||A+ GRADED||<<RECENT
VERSION>>
NEHA REHS/RS Exam - ANSWER ✓ Consists of 225 multiple-choice questions
split into two parts with 200 scored items and 25 unscored pilot questions.
Mesophilic bacterial - ANSWER ✓ Moderate temperature loving bacteria . Most
foodborne illness . bacteria . Most foodborne illness bacteria fall into this
temperature group .
Four stages of bacterial growth - ANSWER ✓ 1. Lag 2. Log 3. Stationary 4.
Death
Protozoa - ANSWER ✓ One - celled organism , but not a bacteria . Classified
with parasites .
Parasite - ANSWER ✓ Lives in or on a host and consumes their food , energy , or
resources . Benefits at the expense of its host .
Physical Hazards - ANSWER ✓ Items that may cause choking or injury if
consumed in food.
Chemical Hazards - ANSWER ✓ Elements and compounds that may cause
illness or injury if consumed in food.
Chemicals
Biological Hazards - ANSWER ✓ Contamination occurs when sufficient
numbers of harmful microorganisms, such as bacteria, fungi, viruses, and parasites,
get into food.
,Most foodborne illness is caused by biological contaminants.
Allergens - ANSWER ✓ Any nonparasitic antigen (protein) capable of evoking a
hypersensitive immune response in allergic individuals.
Bacteria - ANSWER ✓ Single-celled microorganisms found in nearly every
environment on Earth.
All bacteria require some combination of food, acidity, time to grow and
reproduce, temperature, the presence or absence of oxygen, and available moisture.
Remember FAT TOM
Food
Acidity
Time
Temperature
Oxygen
Moisture
Pathogens - ANSWER ✓ Group of bacteria capable of causing illness in humans
if consumed in food
Thermophilic - ANSWER ✓ Organisms with optimum growth temperature
between 110-158 F. cause spoilage instead of illness. Grow best above 110 F
Bacillus cereus
Clostridium perfringens
Mesophilic - ANSWER ✓ Organisms having optimum growth temperature
between 70-113 F. Most pathogens are mesophilic and grow best at 70-110 F.
Staphylococcus aureus
Salmonella
Listeria monocytogenes
E coli
Psychrophilic - ANSWER ✓ Organisms having optimum growth temperature less
than 35-50 F
Campylobacter jejuni
Yersinia enterocolitica
,Aeromonas hydrophila
Pseudomonas spp.
Infection - ANSWER ✓ Direct consumption of a pathogen in sufficient quantities
to cause illness.
Pathogens present in food
Person ingests pathogen
Pathogen directly causes illness
Salmonella
Campylobacter
Shigella
Listeria
Yersinia
Toxins - ANSWER ✓ Chemical byproducts that either directly harm tissues or
evoke an immune system response.
Intoxication - ANSWER ✓ Consuming a toxin produced in food.
Pathogens present in food
Pathogen creates a toxin in food
Person ingests toxin
Taxin causes illness
Bacillus cereus (Emetic)
Staphylococcus aureus
C. botulinum
Toxin-mediated infection/toxico-infection - ANSWER ✓ Occurs when a
pathogen is consumed that later produces a toxin while in the digestive system.
Pathogens present in food
Person ingests pathogen
Pathogen creates a toxin in the gut
Toxin causes illness
C. perfringens
, B. cereus (Diarrheal)
E. coli 0157:H7
Spore Formers - ANSWER ✓ Clostridium perfringens
Bacillus cereus
Clostridium botulinum
Pathogens associated with poor personal health and hygiene - ANSWER ✓
Norovirus
Hepatitis A
Salmonella
Shigella
Staphylococcus
E. coli
Mandatory reporting to Health District (13) - ANSWER ✓ Campylobacter
Cryptosporidium
Cyclospora
Entamoeba histolytica
E. coli
Giardia
Hepatitis A
Norovirus
Salmonella spp.
Salmonella typhi
Shigella
Vibrio cholerae
Yersinia
saturated zone - ANSWER ✓ Gravity pulls water to a depth where all openings in
soil or rock are filled with water
water table - ANSWER ✓ Top of saturated zone Rises and falls according to
season Rain and Snow
Vadose zone - ANSWER ✓ Is the part of the unsaturated zone directly below the
surface and contains some water
