Endocrine_SG_MS_2.pdf

Endocrine Study guide 2 types of glands- exocrine and endocrine (each does what?) • Exocrine glands (e.g., salivary, sweat, digestive) discharge their products through ducts • Endocrine glands (ductless) secrete their products, hormones, directly into the blood rather than through a duct Hypothalamus- what it does and action on hormones, regulates, effects on pituitary • Action/regulation of hypothalamus o Regulation of certain metabolic processes & other activities of the autonomic NS o Synthesizes & secretes releasing hormones or hypothalamic hormones, and these in turn stimulate or inhibit the secretion of pituitary hormones o Temperature regulation, thirst, hunger, sleep, mood, sex drive o Area of the brain that housesHormones- TSH, TRF, CRF o TSH: produced by the pituitary gland & responsible for regulating the amount of hormones released by the thyroid o TRF (thyrotropin-releasing factor) produced by the hypothalamus. Stimulates the release of TSH & prolactin from the anterior pituitary o CRF (corticotropin-releasing factor) peptide hormone involved in the stress response Direct and indirect control of hormones- define • Direct Control o Involves endocrine cells releasing secretions into blood stream as a result of changes in extracellular fluid composition o Ex. Decrease in calcium levels causes release of parathyroid hormone, causing release of calcium by target cells • Indirect Control o Pathway via negative feedback through the hypothalamus o Controls adrenal cells via autonomic pathways o Secretes specialized regulatory hormones which regulate activity of pituitary gland