Definition
Columbus convinced the king and queen (ferdinand and isabella of
Spain) that he could get to the east by sailing west
Thought Atlantic was only a few hundred miles wide, this is why
portuguese didnt sponsor his voyage
Columbus discovered immense land barrier between east and
europe
Spanish efforts shifted from finding a way through the barrier to
exploring the land found
After conquering aztec civilization in 1520, they set out to explore
area north of mexico, main objective was to find weath/gold
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portuguese exploration english exploration
spanish exploration french exploration
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2 of 70
Definition
1. Challenge Italian trade
2. Direct Access to spices (most european spices came from china)
southeastern asia (exploring came second, finding trade routes to
asia came first)
3. Weath: gold (muslims are the liason between gold in Africa and
europeans; so europeans wanted to get rid of the liaison)
4. Quest for power (wanted territories outside of europe)
5. Religion: christianity (desire to convert muslims and others to
christianity) (religious freedom not a thing yet)
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In what fundamental ways was the course of history altered for people living in
the Americas, Europe, and Africa because of the Europeans' and Americans'
encounter with one another in 1492?
Describe the Columbian Exchange and explain how it altered the landscape and
civilization of North America (consider both positive and negative aspects).
What motivated the europeans to expand their power and influence to
expand their horizons
Why is the term significance important in the study of history? How is the term
used in this course
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3 of 70
Definition
Convinced German map makers that America was distinct from Asia
(like coluimbius had discovered)
Italian
1454-1512
After him america became newly accepted term for the new world
Sailed for both spain and portugal
Discovered mouth of amazon river and ventured north
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giovanni da verrazzano amerigo vespucchi
cahokia christopher columbus
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4 of 70
Definition
Farming as early as 2000 BC
Depended on Maize/corn, also ate beans, pumpkin, and squash
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, early chinese in the yangtze river
ancient egyptians in the nile valley
basin
native americans in the mesopotamians in the fertile
southwest crescent
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5 of 70
Definition
1475-1519
Discovered pacific ocean while searching for gold in panama
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Hernando de Soto Francisco Vázquez de Coronado
Vasco Núñez de Balboa Juan Ponce de León
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