1|Page
NR503 Epidemiology Final, NR 503 Epi Final, NR
503 Epi Midterm
Underlying determinants ......ANSWER......a reflection of the major
forces driving social, economic, and cultural change. I.e. globalization,
urbanization, population ageing, and general policy environment
Poverty ......ANSWER......interconnected with chronic disease in a
vicious circle increasing exposure to risks and decreased access to
health services
Primary prevention ......ANSWER......aims to prevent disease. I.e.
banning hazardous products, educating on healthy/safe habits,
immunizations
Secondary prevention ......ANSWER......reduce impact of disease or
injury that has already occurred. I.e. screening tests, low-dose ASA,
suitably modified work
Tertiary prevention ......ANSWER......aims to soften impact of ongoing
illness. I.e. cardiac or stroke rehab, support groups, vocational rehab
pg. 1
,2|Page
Cross Cultural Health Care Program (CCHCP) ......ANSWER......materials
to improve cultural competency among health providers to provide
healthcare interventions and other cultural variants
Marginalization ......ANSWER......Major cause of vulnerability referring
to exposure to a range of possible harms
Variables at risk for marginalization ......ANSWER......high risk health
literacy, cultural barriers, low english proficiency
Cultural competence ......ANSWER......a dynamic, fluid, continuous
process whereby an individual, system or health care agency find
meaningful and useful care delivery strategies based on knowledge of
the cultural heritage, beliefs, attitudes, and behavior of those whom
they render care
Norms & values ......ANSWER......soecific practices that guide the actions
and decisions of each person in a group based on their culture. Can be
learned or shared.
Kleinman Explanatory Model ......ANSWER......A set of questions that
the APN can use in order to assess the culture of a patient.
Socioeconomic status ......ANSWER......A measure that takes into
account three interrelated dimensions: a person's income level,
education level, and typ of occupation.
pg. 2
, 3|Page
Disparities ......ANSWER......a higher burden of illness, injury, disability,
or mortality experiences by one grup relative to another
Minorities ......ANSWER......a group of people who because of their
physical or cultural characteristics, are singled out from the other in
society
Food desert ......ANSWER......neighborhoods and communities that have
limited access to affordable and nutritious foods
Social determinants of health ......ANSWER......poverty, education level,
raciam, income, and poor housisng that effect access to healthcare
Social justice theory ......ANSWER......the goal that all people will have
equal opportunity to healthcare access and quality of healthcare will be
the same
Data sources utilized to access determinants of health
......ANSWER......Healthy People 2020, US Census, US Department of
Health and Human Services, Office of Minority Health and Health
Disparities
pg. 3
NR503 Epidemiology Final, NR 503 Epi Final, NR
503 Epi Midterm
Underlying determinants ......ANSWER......a reflection of the major
forces driving social, economic, and cultural change. I.e. globalization,
urbanization, population ageing, and general policy environment
Poverty ......ANSWER......interconnected with chronic disease in a
vicious circle increasing exposure to risks and decreased access to
health services
Primary prevention ......ANSWER......aims to prevent disease. I.e.
banning hazardous products, educating on healthy/safe habits,
immunizations
Secondary prevention ......ANSWER......reduce impact of disease or
injury that has already occurred. I.e. screening tests, low-dose ASA,
suitably modified work
Tertiary prevention ......ANSWER......aims to soften impact of ongoing
illness. I.e. cardiac or stroke rehab, support groups, vocational rehab
pg. 1
,2|Page
Cross Cultural Health Care Program (CCHCP) ......ANSWER......materials
to improve cultural competency among health providers to provide
healthcare interventions and other cultural variants
Marginalization ......ANSWER......Major cause of vulnerability referring
to exposure to a range of possible harms
Variables at risk for marginalization ......ANSWER......high risk health
literacy, cultural barriers, low english proficiency
Cultural competence ......ANSWER......a dynamic, fluid, continuous
process whereby an individual, system or health care agency find
meaningful and useful care delivery strategies based on knowledge of
the cultural heritage, beliefs, attitudes, and behavior of those whom
they render care
Norms & values ......ANSWER......soecific practices that guide the actions
and decisions of each person in a group based on their culture. Can be
learned or shared.
Kleinman Explanatory Model ......ANSWER......A set of questions that
the APN can use in order to assess the culture of a patient.
Socioeconomic status ......ANSWER......A measure that takes into
account three interrelated dimensions: a person's income level,
education level, and typ of occupation.
pg. 2
, 3|Page
Disparities ......ANSWER......a higher burden of illness, injury, disability,
or mortality experiences by one grup relative to another
Minorities ......ANSWER......a group of people who because of their
physical or cultural characteristics, are singled out from the other in
society
Food desert ......ANSWER......neighborhoods and communities that have
limited access to affordable and nutritious foods
Social determinants of health ......ANSWER......poverty, education level,
raciam, income, and poor housisng that effect access to healthcare
Social justice theory ......ANSWER......the goal that all people will have
equal opportunity to healthcare access and quality of healthcare will be
the same
Data sources utilized to access determinants of health
......ANSWER......Healthy People 2020, US Census, US Department of
Health and Human Services, Office of Minority Health and Health
Disparities
pg. 3
