CRJS 491 FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS (VERIFIED AND UPDATED)
General responsivity - ANS rehabilitative efforts will work better if they have clear, concrete
objectives, their contents are structured and there is a focus on activity and the acquisition of
skills
specific responsivity - ANS it is vital to adapt intervention strategies to accommodate
diversity amongst participants with respect to age, gender, ethnicity, sexuality, language, culture
and learning styles
RNR general recidivism rate - ANS 53 percent
multimodal - ANS addresses a mixture of risks and needs
theory and evidence based models - ANS models with the highest rates and evidence of
working
benefit cost ratio - ANS used to determine if programs to prevent crime save the CJS money
risk level - ANS based on criminal history and likelihood of reoffending
risk factors as targets of change - ANS dynamic risk factors such as social interaction,
egocentric attitudes, poor social or cognitive skills etc.
@2026/2027 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED.
, multiple targets - ANS multimodal styles of methods (addressing multiple criminogenic
needs)
treatment integrity - ANS integrity and fidelity must be routinely checked to ensure a
maintained level of good results
penal harm movement - ANS This movement has been characterized by elected officials
voicing harsh rhetoric and promising to 'get tough' on crime and, most significantly, by the
enthusiastic embrace of mass imprisonment
penal populism - ANS general public want criminals locked away, and force this by punitive
public ideals that force elected officials to listen or not get the vote
prejudiced public - ANS uses racial and ethnic animus to excite punitive sentiments and
policies
progressive public (dispositional view) - ANS sees crime as factors that lie within the
individual. Logically, the solution is to punish such waywardness so that these deviant souls will
learn that crime does not pay
progressive public (situational view) - ANS crime as factors that lie outside of the individual.
Stopping crime thus requires social welfare programmes that mitigate these social
disadvantages and interventions that insulate youngsters from these conditions
rehabilitative public - ANS Support for rehabilitation across gender, offender types,
modalities, and juvenile rehab
prejudiced public - ANS intermingling of race and crime
@2026/2027 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED.
ANSWERS (VERIFIED AND UPDATED)
General responsivity - ANS rehabilitative efforts will work better if they have clear, concrete
objectives, their contents are structured and there is a focus on activity and the acquisition of
skills
specific responsivity - ANS it is vital to adapt intervention strategies to accommodate
diversity amongst participants with respect to age, gender, ethnicity, sexuality, language, culture
and learning styles
RNR general recidivism rate - ANS 53 percent
multimodal - ANS addresses a mixture of risks and needs
theory and evidence based models - ANS models with the highest rates and evidence of
working
benefit cost ratio - ANS used to determine if programs to prevent crime save the CJS money
risk level - ANS based on criminal history and likelihood of reoffending
risk factors as targets of change - ANS dynamic risk factors such as social interaction,
egocentric attitudes, poor social or cognitive skills etc.
@2026/2027 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED.
, multiple targets - ANS multimodal styles of methods (addressing multiple criminogenic
needs)
treatment integrity - ANS integrity and fidelity must be routinely checked to ensure a
maintained level of good results
penal harm movement - ANS This movement has been characterized by elected officials
voicing harsh rhetoric and promising to 'get tough' on crime and, most significantly, by the
enthusiastic embrace of mass imprisonment
penal populism - ANS general public want criminals locked away, and force this by punitive
public ideals that force elected officials to listen or not get the vote
prejudiced public - ANS uses racial and ethnic animus to excite punitive sentiments and
policies
progressive public (dispositional view) - ANS sees crime as factors that lie within the
individual. Logically, the solution is to punish such waywardness so that these deviant souls will
learn that crime does not pay
progressive public (situational view) - ANS crime as factors that lie outside of the individual.
Stopping crime thus requires social welfare programmes that mitigate these social
disadvantages and interventions that insulate youngsters from these conditions
rehabilitative public - ANS Support for rehabilitation across gender, offender types,
modalities, and juvenile rehab
prejudiced public - ANS intermingling of race and crime
@2026/2027 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED.
