MCA 3 EXAM 1 EXAM QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS (VERIFIED AND UPDATED)
P wave normal value? - ANS 0.11 sec
PR interval normal value? - ANS 0.12-0.20 sec
ST segment should be? - ANS Isoelectric (flat)
QRS normal value? - ANS 0.06-0.10 sec
QT interval normal value - ANS O.33-0.43 sec
each tiny EKG box is how many seconds? - ANS 0.04 seconds
each big box is how many seconds? - ANS 0.2 seconds
How to calculate heart rate from a 6 second EKG strip? - ANS # of R waves x 10
What causes a peaked T wave? - ANS Hyperkalemia
@2026/2027 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED.
,What is the order of Drugs to treat Hyperkalemia? - ANS 1. Insulin (Regular IV) plus Dextrose
(Insulin shifts potassium into cells)
2. Calcium gluconate (prevents K+ from leaving blood stream) 3. Albuterol (beta agonist;
receptors in Pancreas increase Insulin production)
4. Sodium Bicarbonate (to raise blood pH and shift extracellular potassium into cells)
5. Kayexalate/ Sodium Polystyrene (laxative, less K+ absorption)
Assessment of Cardiac Rhythm steps? - ANS 1. P wave present? Up or inverted? 1 for every
QRS or more? Any Atrial Flutter or Atrial Fibrillation waves present?
2. Atrial rhythm regular or irregular
3. Calculate atrial rate
4. Measure PR interval. Normal or prolonged?
5. Evaluate ventricular rhythm. Regular or irregular
6. Calculate ventricular rate
7. Measure duration of QRS complex. Normal or prolonged?
8. Assess the ST segment. Flat? elevated? depressed?
9. Measure QT interval. Normal or depressed?
10. Note T wave. Upright or inverted?
Treatment for Bradycardia? - ANS IV Atropine
Dopamine
Epinephrine
Pacemaker
Dosing of Atropine? - ANS 0.5 mg per dose, every 3 to 5 mins; Max 3mg
Symptomatic Bradycardia symptoms? - ANS Pale skin, hypotension, weakness, chest pain,
dizziness, syncope, SOB, confusion
@2026/2027 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED.
, Treatments for Sinus Tachycardia? - ANS Treat Underlying Cause
IVF
Beta-Blockers
Calcium Channel blockers (ex: Diltiazem)
Synchronized cardioversion
Rate for SVT? - ANS 151-220 bpm
Treatments for SVT? - ANS Vagal maneuvers (such as baring down)
IV Adenosine
Synchronized cardioversion
Adenosine Dosing? - ANS 1st dose: 6 mg
2nd dose: 12 mg
Why is Adenosine pushed antecubital?
How does it work?
Contraindication? - ANS Because it has <10 sec half life, so it needs to reach the heart quickly
Temporarily stops the heart, blocks the AV node, so rhythm can restart/reset *Have full team,
and crash cart available
Hemodynamically unstable (low BP)
@2026/2027 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED.
ANSWERS (VERIFIED AND UPDATED)
P wave normal value? - ANS 0.11 sec
PR interval normal value? - ANS 0.12-0.20 sec
ST segment should be? - ANS Isoelectric (flat)
QRS normal value? - ANS 0.06-0.10 sec
QT interval normal value - ANS O.33-0.43 sec
each tiny EKG box is how many seconds? - ANS 0.04 seconds
each big box is how many seconds? - ANS 0.2 seconds
How to calculate heart rate from a 6 second EKG strip? - ANS # of R waves x 10
What causes a peaked T wave? - ANS Hyperkalemia
@2026/2027 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED.
,What is the order of Drugs to treat Hyperkalemia? - ANS 1. Insulin (Regular IV) plus Dextrose
(Insulin shifts potassium into cells)
2. Calcium gluconate (prevents K+ from leaving blood stream) 3. Albuterol (beta agonist;
receptors in Pancreas increase Insulin production)
4. Sodium Bicarbonate (to raise blood pH and shift extracellular potassium into cells)
5. Kayexalate/ Sodium Polystyrene (laxative, less K+ absorption)
Assessment of Cardiac Rhythm steps? - ANS 1. P wave present? Up or inverted? 1 for every
QRS or more? Any Atrial Flutter or Atrial Fibrillation waves present?
2. Atrial rhythm regular or irregular
3. Calculate atrial rate
4. Measure PR interval. Normal or prolonged?
5. Evaluate ventricular rhythm. Regular or irregular
6. Calculate ventricular rate
7. Measure duration of QRS complex. Normal or prolonged?
8. Assess the ST segment. Flat? elevated? depressed?
9. Measure QT interval. Normal or depressed?
10. Note T wave. Upright or inverted?
Treatment for Bradycardia? - ANS IV Atropine
Dopamine
Epinephrine
Pacemaker
Dosing of Atropine? - ANS 0.5 mg per dose, every 3 to 5 mins; Max 3mg
Symptomatic Bradycardia symptoms? - ANS Pale skin, hypotension, weakness, chest pain,
dizziness, syncope, SOB, confusion
@2026/2027 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED.
, Treatments for Sinus Tachycardia? - ANS Treat Underlying Cause
IVF
Beta-Blockers
Calcium Channel blockers (ex: Diltiazem)
Synchronized cardioversion
Rate for SVT? - ANS 151-220 bpm
Treatments for SVT? - ANS Vagal maneuvers (such as baring down)
IV Adenosine
Synchronized cardioversion
Adenosine Dosing? - ANS 1st dose: 6 mg
2nd dose: 12 mg
Why is Adenosine pushed antecubital?
How does it work?
Contraindication? - ANS Because it has <10 sec half life, so it needs to reach the heart quickly
Temporarily stops the heart, blocks the AV node, so rhythm can restart/reset *Have full team,
and crash cart available
Hemodynamically unstable (low BP)
@2026/2027 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED.
