NUR 210 Nursing Fundamentals Week 6 Comprehensive Study Guide
2026 |Galen College
1. A nurse is assessing a patient who has been on bed rest for several days.
Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as a sign of orthostatic
hypotension?
A. Decrease in heart rate by 15 bpm when sitting up
B. Increase in systolic blood pressure by 20 mmHg upon standing
C. Oxygen saturation drop from 98% to 94% during activity
D. Decrease in systolic blood pressure by 20 mmHg when changing positions
Answer: D
Rationale: Orthostatic hypotension is defined as a decrease in systolic blood pressure by
20 mmHg or a decrease in diastolic blood pressure by 10 mmHg within three minutes of
standing or sitting up.
2. When using the SBAR communication tool, which information should the
nurse include in the ‘B’ section?
A. The patient’s current vital signs and mental status
B. The patient’s admitting diagnosis and relevant medical history
C. The nurse’s assessment of the current clinical situation
D. A specific request for a medication or intervention
Answer: B
Rationale: In SBAR, ‘B’ stands for Background, which includes the patient’s admitting
diagnosis, medical history, and relevant clinical context.
,3. A nurse is preparing to administer an enteral feeding via a nasogastric (NG)
tube. What is the priority nursing action before starting the infusion?
A. Flush the tube with 50 mL of normal saline
B. Place the patient in a left side-lying position
C. Warm the formula to body temperature
D. Verify the placement of the NG tube via X-ray or pH testing
Answer: D
Rationale: The priority action to ensure patient safety and prevent aspiration is to verify
the correct placement of the NG tube before any feeding or medication administration.
4. Which of the following is an example of objective data?
A. The patient reports feeling nauseous
B. The patient states their pain level is a 5 out of 10
C. The patient’s radial pulse is 88 beats per minute
D. The patient mentions feeling anxious about surgery
Answer: C
Rationale: Objective data is observable and measurable information, such as vital signs,
while subjective data is what the patient says or feels.
5. A nurse is caring for a patient with Clostridioides difficile (C. diff). Which
infection control precaution is most appropriate?
A. Droplet precautions
B. Standard precautions and use of alcohol-based hand sanitizer
C. Airborne precautions and use of an N95 respirator
D. Contact precautions and handwashing with soap and water
Answer: D
Rationale: C. diff requires contact precautions. Because C. diff spores are resistant to
alcohol, hand hygiene must be performed with soap and water.
, 6. During the assessment phase of the nursing process, the nurse focuses on:
A. Setting measurable goals for the patient
B. Implementing nursing interventions
C. Evaluating the effectiveness of the care plan
D. Collecting and organizing patient data
Answer: D
Rationale: The assessment phase involves the systematic collection, verification, and
communication of data about the patient’s health status.
7. A nurse is teaching a patient about using a cane. On which side should the
patient hold the cane?
A. The side of the weaker leg
B. The side of the stronger leg
C. The side that feels most comfortable
D. Both sides alternately
Answer: B
Rationale: A cane should be held on the stronger (unaffected) side to provide support and
stability for the weaker side.
8. What is the first step a nurse should take when a patient falls?
A. Call the provider immediately
B. Fill out an incident report
C. Assess the patient for injuries
D. Help the patient back into bed
Answer: C
Rationale: The nurse’s first priority is to assess the patient’s safety and check for injuries
before moving them or performing other administrative tasks.
2026 |Galen College
1. A nurse is assessing a patient who has been on bed rest for several days.
Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as a sign of orthostatic
hypotension?
A. Decrease in heart rate by 15 bpm when sitting up
B. Increase in systolic blood pressure by 20 mmHg upon standing
C. Oxygen saturation drop from 98% to 94% during activity
D. Decrease in systolic blood pressure by 20 mmHg when changing positions
Answer: D
Rationale: Orthostatic hypotension is defined as a decrease in systolic blood pressure by
20 mmHg or a decrease in diastolic blood pressure by 10 mmHg within three minutes of
standing or sitting up.
2. When using the SBAR communication tool, which information should the
nurse include in the ‘B’ section?
A. The patient’s current vital signs and mental status
B. The patient’s admitting diagnosis and relevant medical history
C. The nurse’s assessment of the current clinical situation
D. A specific request for a medication or intervention
Answer: B
Rationale: In SBAR, ‘B’ stands for Background, which includes the patient’s admitting
diagnosis, medical history, and relevant clinical context.
,3. A nurse is preparing to administer an enteral feeding via a nasogastric (NG)
tube. What is the priority nursing action before starting the infusion?
A. Flush the tube with 50 mL of normal saline
B. Place the patient in a left side-lying position
C. Warm the formula to body temperature
D. Verify the placement of the NG tube via X-ray or pH testing
Answer: D
Rationale: The priority action to ensure patient safety and prevent aspiration is to verify
the correct placement of the NG tube before any feeding or medication administration.
4. Which of the following is an example of objective data?
A. The patient reports feeling nauseous
B. The patient states their pain level is a 5 out of 10
C. The patient’s radial pulse is 88 beats per minute
D. The patient mentions feeling anxious about surgery
Answer: C
Rationale: Objective data is observable and measurable information, such as vital signs,
while subjective data is what the patient says or feels.
5. A nurse is caring for a patient with Clostridioides difficile (C. diff). Which
infection control precaution is most appropriate?
A. Droplet precautions
B. Standard precautions and use of alcohol-based hand sanitizer
C. Airborne precautions and use of an N95 respirator
D. Contact precautions and handwashing with soap and water
Answer: D
Rationale: C. diff requires contact precautions. Because C. diff spores are resistant to
alcohol, hand hygiene must be performed with soap and water.
, 6. During the assessment phase of the nursing process, the nurse focuses on:
A. Setting measurable goals for the patient
B. Implementing nursing interventions
C. Evaluating the effectiveness of the care plan
D. Collecting and organizing patient data
Answer: D
Rationale: The assessment phase involves the systematic collection, verification, and
communication of data about the patient’s health status.
7. A nurse is teaching a patient about using a cane. On which side should the
patient hold the cane?
A. The side of the weaker leg
B. The side of the stronger leg
C. The side that feels most comfortable
D. Both sides alternately
Answer: B
Rationale: A cane should be held on the stronger (unaffected) side to provide support and
stability for the weaker side.
8. What is the first step a nurse should take when a patient falls?
A. Call the provider immediately
B. Fill out an incident report
C. Assess the patient for injuries
D. Help the patient back into bed
Answer: C
Rationale: The nurse’s first priority is to assess the patient’s safety and check for injuries
before moving them or performing other administrative tasks.
