AQA GCSE Chemistry – Paper 1 Exam with Questions and Answers – 100%
Solved
Aluminium Oxide - Anode Half Equation - ✔✔✔-2O(two minus) --> O2 + 4e(minus)
Aluminium Oxide - Cathode Half Equation - ✔✔✔-Al(three plus) + 3e(minus) --> Al
Anode - ✔✔✔-Positive electrode
Negative ions move towards it
Electrons are lost
Oxidation happens
Anode - If there are halogen ions (halide ions)... - ✔✔✔-...They will be released from the anode
Anode - If there are no halogen ions (halide ions)... - ✔✔✔-...Oxygen will be produced
Are metal carbonates bases or acids? - ✔✔✔-Bases
Are metal oxides and hydroxides bases or acids? - ✔✔✔-Bases
Are the noble gases flammable? - ✔✔✔-No - they're non-flammable
Benefits of Nanoparticles - ✔✔✔-1) Used in sun creams - shown to be better than the materials
in traditional sun creams at protecting skin from harmful UV rays
2) Give better skin coverage than traditional sun creams
Boiling - ✔✔✔-When a liquid is heated, the particles will gain even more energy, making them
move faster - weakens and breaks the bonds holding them together
,AQA GCSE Chemistry – Paper 1 Exam with Questions and Answers – 100%
Solved
At the boiling point, the particles have enough energy to break their bonds - the liquid becomes
a gas
Can a molten ionic compound be electrolysed? - ✔✔✔-Yes, because the ions can move freely
and conduct electricity
Can an ionic solid be electrolysed? - ✔✔✔-No, because the ions are in fixed positions and can't
move
Cathode - ✔✔✔-Negative electrode
Positive ions move towards it
Electrons are gained
Reduction happens
Cathode - If the element is less reactive than hydrogen... - ✔✔✔-...The element will be released
from the cathode
Cathode - If the element is more reactive than hydrogen... - ✔✔✔-...Hydrogen gas will be
produced
Change of Mass - Decrease - ✔✔✔-If the mass decreases, it's probably because one of the
products is a gas and all the reactants are solids, liquids or aqueous
Before the reaction, all the reactants are contained in the reaction vessel
If the vessel isn't enclosed, then the gas can escape from the reaction vessel as it's formed
It's no longer contained in the reaction vessel, so you can't account for its mass - the total mass
of the stuff inside the reaction vessel decreases
, AQA GCSE Chemistry – Paper 1 Exam with Questions and Answers – 100%
Solved
Change of Mass - Increase - ✔✔✔-If the mass increases, it's probably because one of the
reactants is a gas that's found in the air (e.g. oxygen) and all the products are solids, liquids or
aqueous
Before the reaction, the gas is floating around in the air - it's there, but it's not contained in the
reaction vessel, so you can't account for its mass
When the gas reacts to form part of the product, it becomes contained inside the reaction
vessel - so the total mass of the stuff inside the reaction vessel increases
Chlorine Half Equation - ✔✔✔-2Cl(minus) --> Cl2 + 2e(minus)
Condensing - ✔✔✔-As a gas cools, the particles no longer have enough energy to overcome the
force of attraction between them, causing bonds to form between the particles
At the boiling point, so many bonds have formed between the gas particles that the gas
becomes a liquid
Describe giant covalent structures - ✔✔✔--All the atoms are bonded to each other by strong
covalent bonds
-They have very high melting and boiling points, therefore, lots of energy is required to break
the covalent bonds
-Most of them don't conduct electricity because they don't contain delocalised electrons or ions
Describe how an ionic bond forms - ✔✔✔-When a metal and a non-metal react together, the
metal loses its one electron on its outer shell to form a positively charged ion. This one electron
is gained by the non-metal to complete its outer shell, forming a negative ion.
Describe how covalent bonds form - ✔✔✔-When two non-metals bond together, they share
electrons to make covalent bonds. The positively charged nuclei of the bonded atoms are
attracted to the shared pair of electrons by electrostatic forces - this makes covalent bonds very
strong.
Solved
Aluminium Oxide - Anode Half Equation - ✔✔✔-2O(two minus) --> O2 + 4e(minus)
Aluminium Oxide - Cathode Half Equation - ✔✔✔-Al(three plus) + 3e(minus) --> Al
Anode - ✔✔✔-Positive electrode
Negative ions move towards it
Electrons are lost
Oxidation happens
Anode - If there are halogen ions (halide ions)... - ✔✔✔-...They will be released from the anode
Anode - If there are no halogen ions (halide ions)... - ✔✔✔-...Oxygen will be produced
Are metal carbonates bases or acids? - ✔✔✔-Bases
Are metal oxides and hydroxides bases or acids? - ✔✔✔-Bases
Are the noble gases flammable? - ✔✔✔-No - they're non-flammable
Benefits of Nanoparticles - ✔✔✔-1) Used in sun creams - shown to be better than the materials
in traditional sun creams at protecting skin from harmful UV rays
2) Give better skin coverage than traditional sun creams
Boiling - ✔✔✔-When a liquid is heated, the particles will gain even more energy, making them
move faster - weakens and breaks the bonds holding them together
,AQA GCSE Chemistry – Paper 1 Exam with Questions and Answers – 100%
Solved
At the boiling point, the particles have enough energy to break their bonds - the liquid becomes
a gas
Can a molten ionic compound be electrolysed? - ✔✔✔-Yes, because the ions can move freely
and conduct electricity
Can an ionic solid be electrolysed? - ✔✔✔-No, because the ions are in fixed positions and can't
move
Cathode - ✔✔✔-Negative electrode
Positive ions move towards it
Electrons are gained
Reduction happens
Cathode - If the element is less reactive than hydrogen... - ✔✔✔-...The element will be released
from the cathode
Cathode - If the element is more reactive than hydrogen... - ✔✔✔-...Hydrogen gas will be
produced
Change of Mass - Decrease - ✔✔✔-If the mass decreases, it's probably because one of the
products is a gas and all the reactants are solids, liquids or aqueous
Before the reaction, all the reactants are contained in the reaction vessel
If the vessel isn't enclosed, then the gas can escape from the reaction vessel as it's formed
It's no longer contained in the reaction vessel, so you can't account for its mass - the total mass
of the stuff inside the reaction vessel decreases
, AQA GCSE Chemistry – Paper 1 Exam with Questions and Answers – 100%
Solved
Change of Mass - Increase - ✔✔✔-If the mass increases, it's probably because one of the
reactants is a gas that's found in the air (e.g. oxygen) and all the products are solids, liquids or
aqueous
Before the reaction, the gas is floating around in the air - it's there, but it's not contained in the
reaction vessel, so you can't account for its mass
When the gas reacts to form part of the product, it becomes contained inside the reaction
vessel - so the total mass of the stuff inside the reaction vessel increases
Chlorine Half Equation - ✔✔✔-2Cl(minus) --> Cl2 + 2e(minus)
Condensing - ✔✔✔-As a gas cools, the particles no longer have enough energy to overcome the
force of attraction between them, causing bonds to form between the particles
At the boiling point, so many bonds have formed between the gas particles that the gas
becomes a liquid
Describe giant covalent structures - ✔✔✔--All the atoms are bonded to each other by strong
covalent bonds
-They have very high melting and boiling points, therefore, lots of energy is required to break
the covalent bonds
-Most of them don't conduct electricity because they don't contain delocalised electrons or ions
Describe how an ionic bond forms - ✔✔✔-When a metal and a non-metal react together, the
metal loses its one electron on its outer shell to form a positively charged ion. This one electron
is gained by the non-metal to complete its outer shell, forming a negative ion.
Describe how covalent bonds form - ✔✔✔-When two non-metals bond together, they share
electrons to make covalent bonds. The positively charged nuclei of the bonded atoms are
attracted to the shared pair of electrons by electrostatic forces - this makes covalent bonds very
strong.
