NUR 185 FINAL EXAM: KEY CONCEPTS
IN FLUID, ELECTROLYTES,
ENDOCRINE, BURNS, GAS EXCHANGE,
ELIMINATION, SAFETY. EXAM
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS (VERIFIED
AND UPDATED)
What is Fluid Volume Deficit (FVD)? - ANS Loss of extracellular fluid volume causing
decreased circulating volume and decreased tissue perfusion.
What are common causes of Fluid Volume Deficit? - ANS Vomiting, diarrhea, NG suction,
hemorrhage, excess sweating, fever, burns, diuretics, third spacing, poor intake.
What are key signs and symptoms of Fluid Volume Deficit? - ANS Tachycardia, weak pulse,
hypotension, dry mucous membranes, poor skin turgor, oliguria, weight loss, confusion.
What laboratory findings indicate Fluid Volume Deficit? - ANS Increased Hct, increased BUN,
increased serum osmolality, increased urine specific gravity, possible hypernatremia.
What are priority nursing interventions for Fluid Volume Deficit? - ANS Monitor vital signs,
strict I&O, daily weights, assess mental status, replace fluids, use isotonic fluids.
@2026/2027 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED.
, What complications can arise from Fluid Volume Deficit? - ANS Hypovolemic shock, acute
kidney injury (AKI), electrolyte imbalance.
What is Fluid Volume Excess (FVE)? - ANS Excess fluid in the extracellular compartment.
What are common causes of Fluid Volume Excess? - ANS Heart failure, renal failure, liver
failure, excess IV fluids, high sodium intake, SIADH.
What are key signs and symptoms of Fluid Volume Excess? - ANS Weight gain, edema, JVD,
bounding pulse, hypertension, dyspnea, pulmonary edema.
What laboratory findings indicate Fluid Volume Excess? - ANS Decreased Hct, decreased BUN,
decreased serum osmolality, elevated BNP in heart failure.
What are priority nursing interventions for Fluid Volume Excess? - ANS Daily weights, I&O,
fluid restriction, sodium restriction, assess lungs, administer diuretics.
What complications can arise from Fluid Volume Excess? - ANS Respiratory distress,
pulmonary edema, worsening heart failure.
What is hyponatremia? - ANS Low sodium levels in the blood, typically below 135 mEq/L.
What are common causes of hyponatremia? - ANS Diuretics, GI losses, SIADH, excess water
intake, heart/liver/kidney failure.
@2026/2027 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED.
IN FLUID, ELECTROLYTES,
ENDOCRINE, BURNS, GAS EXCHANGE,
ELIMINATION, SAFETY. EXAM
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS (VERIFIED
AND UPDATED)
What is Fluid Volume Deficit (FVD)? - ANS Loss of extracellular fluid volume causing
decreased circulating volume and decreased tissue perfusion.
What are common causes of Fluid Volume Deficit? - ANS Vomiting, diarrhea, NG suction,
hemorrhage, excess sweating, fever, burns, diuretics, third spacing, poor intake.
What are key signs and symptoms of Fluid Volume Deficit? - ANS Tachycardia, weak pulse,
hypotension, dry mucous membranes, poor skin turgor, oliguria, weight loss, confusion.
What laboratory findings indicate Fluid Volume Deficit? - ANS Increased Hct, increased BUN,
increased serum osmolality, increased urine specific gravity, possible hypernatremia.
What are priority nursing interventions for Fluid Volume Deficit? - ANS Monitor vital signs,
strict I&O, daily weights, assess mental status, replace fluids, use isotonic fluids.
@2026/2027 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED.
, What complications can arise from Fluid Volume Deficit? - ANS Hypovolemic shock, acute
kidney injury (AKI), electrolyte imbalance.
What is Fluid Volume Excess (FVE)? - ANS Excess fluid in the extracellular compartment.
What are common causes of Fluid Volume Excess? - ANS Heart failure, renal failure, liver
failure, excess IV fluids, high sodium intake, SIADH.
What are key signs and symptoms of Fluid Volume Excess? - ANS Weight gain, edema, JVD,
bounding pulse, hypertension, dyspnea, pulmonary edema.
What laboratory findings indicate Fluid Volume Excess? - ANS Decreased Hct, decreased BUN,
decreased serum osmolality, elevated BNP in heart failure.
What are priority nursing interventions for Fluid Volume Excess? - ANS Daily weights, I&O,
fluid restriction, sodium restriction, assess lungs, administer diuretics.
What complications can arise from Fluid Volume Excess? - ANS Respiratory distress,
pulmonary edema, worsening heart failure.
What is hyponatremia? - ANS Low sodium levels in the blood, typically below 135 mEq/L.
What are common causes of hyponatremia? - ANS Diuretics, GI losses, SIADH, excess water
intake, heart/liver/kidney failure.
@2026/2027 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED.
