WCU NURS 110 Final Exam Complete Study
Guide with Actual Study Questions with
Rationale Answers | Latest Edition
1.Evidence-based practice
ANSWER: a problem solving approach to making clinical decisions using the best
evidence available
Rationale: Evidence-based practice integrates the best current research, clinical
expertise, and patient preferences to ensure safe, effective, and high-quality care
decisions.
2. Responsibility in event reporting
ANSWER: confidentially documents in a way that completely describes any
patient accident occurring on the premises of a health care agency
Rationale: Accurate and confidential reporting ensures legal protection, supports
quality improvement, and helps prevent future incidents by identifying risks.
3. Quality improvement
ANSWER: information used to monitor and improve quality of care
Rationale: Quality improvement uses collected data to identify gaps, implement
changes, and enhance patient outcomes and healthcare system performance.
4. Teaching strategies for disabilities and special conditions
ANSWER: concrete info at proper level of understanding, anticipate triggers and
reactions, calmly respond to reactions
Rationale: Tailoring teaching methods ensures comprehension, reduces anxiety,
and promotes effective learning for individuals with special needs.
,5. Difference between evaluation and assessment
ANSWER: assessment is feedback from the learner about level of understanding
evaluation is feedback from the educator to the learner about their understanding
Rationale: Assessment gathers information about learning needs, while evaluation
determines if learning objectives were met.
6. Goal statement vs. goal development
ANSWER: statement: set goals and desired outcome
development: steps and actions taken to attain goal
Rationale: A goal statement defines the expected outcome, while goal development
outlines the process required to achieve it.
7. Significance of the ANA Code of Ethics
ANSWER: guiding principles, helps settle questions about practice/behavior,
includes advocacy, responsibility, accountability, and confidentiality
Rationale: The code provides a moral framework that guides nurses in ethical
decision-making and professional conduct.
8. Patient's Bill of Rights
ANSWER: right to access to care, safety, respect, communication (treatment,
services, who is doing what), participation, privacy, and comments on care
Rationale: These rights protect patient autonomy, dignity, and involvement in their
own healthcare decisions.
9. Ethical standards and commitment to patient, personal excellence, and nursing
as a profession
ANSWER: promise to provide and advocate for safe, quality care
,nurses support each other to fulfill their obligations
provides specific guidance and fundamental values
Rationale: These standards ensure accountability, promote teamwork, and uphold
the integrity of the nursing profession.
10. Ethical issues related to patient care
ANSWER: common issues: cost-containment harming patient welfare, end-of-life
decisions, breaches in confidentiality, incompetent, unethical, or illegal practices of
colleagues
Rationale: These challenges require ethical reasoning to balance patient rights,
safety, and healthcare system limitations.
11. Process of ethical decision-making
ANSWER: gather data -> identify problem -> plan -> implement decision ->
evaluate decision
Rationale: A structured process ensures thoughtful, consistent, and justifiable
ethical decisions in patient care.
12. Patient advocacy
ANSWER: the act of speaking and acting on behalf of the patient's needs and well-
being
Rationale: Advocacy ensures patients' rights, preferences, and best interests are
respected, especially when they cannot speak for themselves.
13. Basic principles of ethics in healthcare
ANSWER: autonomy, beneficence, non-maleficence, justice, fidelity, deontology,
utilitarianism, feminist ethics, ethics of care
Rationale: These principles provide a foundation for ethical decision-making and
guide professional behavior in healthcare.
, 14. Autonomy
ANSWER: right to make one's own decisions
Rationale: Respecting autonomy supports patient independence and informed
consent in healthcare choices.
15. Beneficence
ANSWER: best interest of the patient > self interest
Rationale: Healthcare providers must act to benefit the patient and promote their
well-being.
16. Non-maleficence
ANSWER: do no harm
Rationale: This principle ensures that care provided does not intentionally or
unintentionally harm the patient.
17. Learner needs assessment
ANSWER: readiness and motivation to learn, level of wellness, individual factors,
and education level
Rationale: Identifying these factors helps tailor education to maximize
understanding and effectiveness.
18. Developmental stages related to learning
ANSWER: developmentally appropriate teaching provides meaningful experiences
at the optimal time
Rationale: Teaching aligned with developmental stage enhances comprehension
and retention.
19. Physical factors related to learning
Guide with Actual Study Questions with
Rationale Answers | Latest Edition
1.Evidence-based practice
ANSWER: a problem solving approach to making clinical decisions using the best
evidence available
Rationale: Evidence-based practice integrates the best current research, clinical
expertise, and patient preferences to ensure safe, effective, and high-quality care
decisions.
2. Responsibility in event reporting
ANSWER: confidentially documents in a way that completely describes any
patient accident occurring on the premises of a health care agency
Rationale: Accurate and confidential reporting ensures legal protection, supports
quality improvement, and helps prevent future incidents by identifying risks.
3. Quality improvement
ANSWER: information used to monitor and improve quality of care
Rationale: Quality improvement uses collected data to identify gaps, implement
changes, and enhance patient outcomes and healthcare system performance.
4. Teaching strategies for disabilities and special conditions
ANSWER: concrete info at proper level of understanding, anticipate triggers and
reactions, calmly respond to reactions
Rationale: Tailoring teaching methods ensures comprehension, reduces anxiety,
and promotes effective learning for individuals with special needs.
,5. Difference between evaluation and assessment
ANSWER: assessment is feedback from the learner about level of understanding
evaluation is feedback from the educator to the learner about their understanding
Rationale: Assessment gathers information about learning needs, while evaluation
determines if learning objectives were met.
6. Goal statement vs. goal development
ANSWER: statement: set goals and desired outcome
development: steps and actions taken to attain goal
Rationale: A goal statement defines the expected outcome, while goal development
outlines the process required to achieve it.
7. Significance of the ANA Code of Ethics
ANSWER: guiding principles, helps settle questions about practice/behavior,
includes advocacy, responsibility, accountability, and confidentiality
Rationale: The code provides a moral framework that guides nurses in ethical
decision-making and professional conduct.
8. Patient's Bill of Rights
ANSWER: right to access to care, safety, respect, communication (treatment,
services, who is doing what), participation, privacy, and comments on care
Rationale: These rights protect patient autonomy, dignity, and involvement in their
own healthcare decisions.
9. Ethical standards and commitment to patient, personal excellence, and nursing
as a profession
ANSWER: promise to provide and advocate for safe, quality care
,nurses support each other to fulfill their obligations
provides specific guidance and fundamental values
Rationale: These standards ensure accountability, promote teamwork, and uphold
the integrity of the nursing profession.
10. Ethical issues related to patient care
ANSWER: common issues: cost-containment harming patient welfare, end-of-life
decisions, breaches in confidentiality, incompetent, unethical, or illegal practices of
colleagues
Rationale: These challenges require ethical reasoning to balance patient rights,
safety, and healthcare system limitations.
11. Process of ethical decision-making
ANSWER: gather data -> identify problem -> plan -> implement decision ->
evaluate decision
Rationale: A structured process ensures thoughtful, consistent, and justifiable
ethical decisions in patient care.
12. Patient advocacy
ANSWER: the act of speaking and acting on behalf of the patient's needs and well-
being
Rationale: Advocacy ensures patients' rights, preferences, and best interests are
respected, especially when they cannot speak for themselves.
13. Basic principles of ethics in healthcare
ANSWER: autonomy, beneficence, non-maleficence, justice, fidelity, deontology,
utilitarianism, feminist ethics, ethics of care
Rationale: These principles provide a foundation for ethical decision-making and
guide professional behavior in healthcare.
, 14. Autonomy
ANSWER: right to make one's own decisions
Rationale: Respecting autonomy supports patient independence and informed
consent in healthcare choices.
15. Beneficence
ANSWER: best interest of the patient > self interest
Rationale: Healthcare providers must act to benefit the patient and promote their
well-being.
16. Non-maleficence
ANSWER: do no harm
Rationale: This principle ensures that care provided does not intentionally or
unintentionally harm the patient.
17. Learner needs assessment
ANSWER: readiness and motivation to learn, level of wellness, individual factors,
and education level
Rationale: Identifying these factors helps tailor education to maximize
understanding and effectiveness.
18. Developmental stages related to learning
ANSWER: developmentally appropriate teaching provides meaningful experiences
at the optimal time
Rationale: Teaching aligned with developmental stage enhances comprehension
and retention.
19. Physical factors related to learning
