PNB 2265 EXAM 2 QUESTIONS WITH
100% CORRECT ANSWERS
Which of the following would likely decrease GFR?
a. the loss of nephrons by a disease
b. constriction of the afferent arteriole bringing blood to the glomerulus
c. inhibition of the release of renin by the kidney
d. dilation of the efferent arteriole carrying blood away from the glomerulus
e. all of the above would decrease GFR - Answer- e. all of the above would decrease
GFR
If the renal clearance of acetaminophen is less than GFR, then acetaminophen must
be...
a. just secreted
b. filtered and secreted
c. just filtered
d. filtered and reabsorbed
e. filtered, secreted, and then reabsorbed - Answer- d. filtered and reabsorbed
A drug company testing a new drug in 100 subjects finds the renal clearance to be 50%
greater than GFR. The company recommends that the drug be taken three times a day.
Why?
a. because the drug is obviously only filtered
b. because the drug is obviously filtered and secreted
c. because the drug is obviously only secreted and not filtered or reabsorbed
d. because the drug must be filtered, secreted, and reabsorbed
e. because the drug is only secreted - Answer- b. because the drug is obviously filtered
and secreted
In response to severe sweating...
a. a decrease in blood pressure will lead to an increase in glomerular filtration rate
(GFR)
b. ADH (vasopressin) levels will increase
c. osmoreceptor firing will not change
d. the transport maximum for NaCl secretion will decrease - Answer- b. ADH
(vasopressin) levels will increase
Once the blood concentration of substance Y exceeds the transport maximum for
reabsorption...
, a. the amount of Y appearing in filtrate will increase over that in the blood
b. Y will always be secreted
c. Y will always appear in the urine
d. Y will decrease in the blood
e. Y will no longer be filtered - Answer- c. Y will always appear in the urine
Given the following: fluid pressure in Bowman's capsule (space)= 16mmHg; glomerular
capillary blood pressure= 60 mmHg; osmotic pressure of blood (BCOP)= 29 mmHg:
Calculate the net filtration pressure.
a. 15 mmHg
b. 16 mmHg
c. 31 mmHg
d. 60 mmHg
e. 73 mmHg - Answer- a. 15 mmHg
Which of the following correctly describes what occurs when there is a change in
plasma osmolarity?
a. decrease plasma osmolarity→ decrease CSF osmolarity→ increase ADH release→
increase aquaporin channels in collecting duct→increase water retention
b. increase plasma osmolarity→ increase CSF osmolarity→ increase ADH release→
increase aquaporin channels in collecting duct→increase water retention
c. increase plasma osmolarity→ increase CSF osmolarity→ increase ADH release→
decrease aquaporin channels in collecting duct→increase water retention
d. decrease plasma osmolarity→ decrease CSF osmolarity→ increase ADH release→
decrease aquaporin channels in collecting duct→decrease water retention
e. decrease plasma osmolarity→ decrease CSF osmolarity→ increase ADH release→
increase aquaporin channels in collecting duct→decrease water retention - Answer- b.
increase plasma osmolarity→ increase CSF osmolarity→ increase ADH release→
increase aquaporin channels in collecting duct→increase water retention
Which of the following substances normally has a renal clearance close to zero in
healthy people?
a. penicillin
b. K+
c. Glucose
d. HCO3-
e. Na+ - Answer- c. Glucose
Why is the nephron filtration barrier selective only to size and charge?
a. this allows the kidney to secrete anything a person ingests if it is smaller than the
filtration barrier
b. naturally occurring waste products in the body are all smaller than glucose in size,
like urea and ammonia
c. that is because larger things are secreted into the filtrate by the distal convoluted
tubule
100% CORRECT ANSWERS
Which of the following would likely decrease GFR?
a. the loss of nephrons by a disease
b. constriction of the afferent arteriole bringing blood to the glomerulus
c. inhibition of the release of renin by the kidney
d. dilation of the efferent arteriole carrying blood away from the glomerulus
e. all of the above would decrease GFR - Answer- e. all of the above would decrease
GFR
If the renal clearance of acetaminophen is less than GFR, then acetaminophen must
be...
a. just secreted
b. filtered and secreted
c. just filtered
d. filtered and reabsorbed
e. filtered, secreted, and then reabsorbed - Answer- d. filtered and reabsorbed
A drug company testing a new drug in 100 subjects finds the renal clearance to be 50%
greater than GFR. The company recommends that the drug be taken three times a day.
Why?
a. because the drug is obviously only filtered
b. because the drug is obviously filtered and secreted
c. because the drug is obviously only secreted and not filtered or reabsorbed
d. because the drug must be filtered, secreted, and reabsorbed
e. because the drug is only secreted - Answer- b. because the drug is obviously filtered
and secreted
In response to severe sweating...
a. a decrease in blood pressure will lead to an increase in glomerular filtration rate
(GFR)
b. ADH (vasopressin) levels will increase
c. osmoreceptor firing will not change
d. the transport maximum for NaCl secretion will decrease - Answer- b. ADH
(vasopressin) levels will increase
Once the blood concentration of substance Y exceeds the transport maximum for
reabsorption...
, a. the amount of Y appearing in filtrate will increase over that in the blood
b. Y will always be secreted
c. Y will always appear in the urine
d. Y will decrease in the blood
e. Y will no longer be filtered - Answer- c. Y will always appear in the urine
Given the following: fluid pressure in Bowman's capsule (space)= 16mmHg; glomerular
capillary blood pressure= 60 mmHg; osmotic pressure of blood (BCOP)= 29 mmHg:
Calculate the net filtration pressure.
a. 15 mmHg
b. 16 mmHg
c. 31 mmHg
d. 60 mmHg
e. 73 mmHg - Answer- a. 15 mmHg
Which of the following correctly describes what occurs when there is a change in
plasma osmolarity?
a. decrease plasma osmolarity→ decrease CSF osmolarity→ increase ADH release→
increase aquaporin channels in collecting duct→increase water retention
b. increase plasma osmolarity→ increase CSF osmolarity→ increase ADH release→
increase aquaporin channels in collecting duct→increase water retention
c. increase plasma osmolarity→ increase CSF osmolarity→ increase ADH release→
decrease aquaporin channels in collecting duct→increase water retention
d. decrease plasma osmolarity→ decrease CSF osmolarity→ increase ADH release→
decrease aquaporin channels in collecting duct→decrease water retention
e. decrease plasma osmolarity→ decrease CSF osmolarity→ increase ADH release→
increase aquaporin channels in collecting duct→decrease water retention - Answer- b.
increase plasma osmolarity→ increase CSF osmolarity→ increase ADH release→
increase aquaporin channels in collecting duct→increase water retention
Which of the following substances normally has a renal clearance close to zero in
healthy people?
a. penicillin
b. K+
c. Glucose
d. HCO3-
e. Na+ - Answer- c. Glucose
Why is the nephron filtration barrier selective only to size and charge?
a. this allows the kidney to secrete anything a person ingests if it is smaller than the
filtration barrier
b. naturally occurring waste products in the body are all smaller than glucose in size,
like urea and ammonia
c. that is because larger things are secreted into the filtrate by the distal convoluted
tubule
