PNB 2275 EXAM 4 QUESTIONS WITH
100% CORRECT ANSWERS
What effect would a decrease in pH in plasma have on the amount of potassium ion in
the urine?
A) an increase in the amount of potassium in the urine
B) a decrease in the amount of potassium in the urine
C) no effect on the amount of potassium in the urine - Answer- B) a decrease in the
amount of potassium in the urine
In the follicular phase of the ovarian cycle, the ovary is
maturing a follicle.
undergoing atresia (degeneration).
secreting progesterone.
releasing a mature egg.
forming a corpus luteum. - Answer- maturing a follicle.
During the middle of the luteal phase of the normal ovarian cycle,
the endometrium has sloughed off and bleeding has begun.
the levels of progesterone are high.
the plasma level of FSH is highest.
a single oocyte is about to burst out of one of the ovaries. - Answer- the levels of
progesterone are high.
The rise of FSH at the beginning of the follicular phase is due to
low levels of LH.
low levels of steroid hormones (e.g., estrogen).
high levels of inhibin.
low levels of GnRH. - Answer- low levels of steroid hormones (e.g., estrogen).
During the secretory phase of the menstrual cycle
the fertilized ovum implants
progesterone levels are high
endometrial glands enlarge
, the corpus luteum is formed
all of the above - Answer- all of the above
Adenosine causes vasoconstriction and NO causes vasodilation. When GFR increases,
Macula Densa will release which paracrine as part of the TGF response:
a) Adenosine
b) NO - Answer- a) Adenosine- causes vasoconstriction
Renal clearance
A.is proportional to GFR
B.refers to the renal abilities to remove a substance from the plasma
C.should be zero for a healthy subject. - Answer- B.refers to the renal abilities to
remove a substance from the plasma
Of the following substances, which has the lowest renal clearance in a normal healthy
person?
A. Bicarbonate (HCO3)
B. PAH (para-aminohippurate), a substance is freely filtered, secreted, but not
reabsorbed
C. Inulin, a substance is freely filtered, not secreted or reabsorbed
D. Glucose - Answer- D. Glucose
Basically, all glucose is reabsorbed
Of the following substances, which has the highest renal clearance in a normal healthy
person?
A. Bicarbonate (HCO3)
B. PAH (para-aminohippurate), a substance is freely filtered, secreted, but not
reabsorbed
C. Inulin, a substance is freely filtered, not secreted or reabsorbed
D. Glucose - Answer- B. PAH (para-aminohippurate), a substance is freely filtered,
secreted, but not reabsorbed
When using creatinine to estimate GFR, it will ______
A.overestimate the GFR slightly
B.underestimate the GFR slightly
C.accurately estimate the GFR - Answer- A.overestimate the GFR slightly (5-10%)
Which of the following substances are expected to increase in urine of Fanconi's
syndrome patients, a renal disease that results from impaired ability of the proximal
tubule?
100% CORRECT ANSWERS
What effect would a decrease in pH in plasma have on the amount of potassium ion in
the urine?
A) an increase in the amount of potassium in the urine
B) a decrease in the amount of potassium in the urine
C) no effect on the amount of potassium in the urine - Answer- B) a decrease in the
amount of potassium in the urine
In the follicular phase of the ovarian cycle, the ovary is
maturing a follicle.
undergoing atresia (degeneration).
secreting progesterone.
releasing a mature egg.
forming a corpus luteum. - Answer- maturing a follicle.
During the middle of the luteal phase of the normal ovarian cycle,
the endometrium has sloughed off and bleeding has begun.
the levels of progesterone are high.
the plasma level of FSH is highest.
a single oocyte is about to burst out of one of the ovaries. - Answer- the levels of
progesterone are high.
The rise of FSH at the beginning of the follicular phase is due to
low levels of LH.
low levels of steroid hormones (e.g., estrogen).
high levels of inhibin.
low levels of GnRH. - Answer- low levels of steroid hormones (e.g., estrogen).
During the secretory phase of the menstrual cycle
the fertilized ovum implants
progesterone levels are high
endometrial glands enlarge
, the corpus luteum is formed
all of the above - Answer- all of the above
Adenosine causes vasoconstriction and NO causes vasodilation. When GFR increases,
Macula Densa will release which paracrine as part of the TGF response:
a) Adenosine
b) NO - Answer- a) Adenosine- causes vasoconstriction
Renal clearance
A.is proportional to GFR
B.refers to the renal abilities to remove a substance from the plasma
C.should be zero for a healthy subject. - Answer- B.refers to the renal abilities to
remove a substance from the plasma
Of the following substances, which has the lowest renal clearance in a normal healthy
person?
A. Bicarbonate (HCO3)
B. PAH (para-aminohippurate), a substance is freely filtered, secreted, but not
reabsorbed
C. Inulin, a substance is freely filtered, not secreted or reabsorbed
D. Glucose - Answer- D. Glucose
Basically, all glucose is reabsorbed
Of the following substances, which has the highest renal clearance in a normal healthy
person?
A. Bicarbonate (HCO3)
B. PAH (para-aminohippurate), a substance is freely filtered, secreted, but not
reabsorbed
C. Inulin, a substance is freely filtered, not secreted or reabsorbed
D. Glucose - Answer- B. PAH (para-aminohippurate), a substance is freely filtered,
secreted, but not reabsorbed
When using creatinine to estimate GFR, it will ______
A.overestimate the GFR slightly
B.underestimate the GFR slightly
C.accurately estimate the GFR - Answer- A.overestimate the GFR slightly (5-10%)
Which of the following substances are expected to increase in urine of Fanconi's
syndrome patients, a renal disease that results from impaired ability of the proximal
tubule?
