portage pathophysiology exam 3 questions
with correct answers
Explain the challenges of diagnosing autoimmune disorders. - CORRECT
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ANSWER✔✔-There are over 80 identified, many with overlapping presentations.
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Many manifestations are nonspecific and are seen in other non-autoimmune
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diseases. Blood testing isn't perfect either, as some tests are more generic and
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
can be elevated in the presence of other diseases.
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Which type of immunity is characterized by the development of a specific
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response to an antigen? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-adaptive immunity
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What are the primary cells involved in the adaptive immune response? -
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CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-lymphocytes
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T lymphocytes produce what type of immunity? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-cell-
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mediated (adaptive) |
Which immunoglobulin passes immune factors from the mother to the fetus? -
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CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-IgM (think M for mother)
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Which cell type is an early responder and the most abundant in the body? -
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CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-neutrophils
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, Which feature is NOT of innate immunity? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-microbe
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recognition is specific (remember: innate immunity is non-specific)
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A 12-year-old female presents with itchy eyes, nasal congestion and drainage, and
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|sneezing every spring when the pollen count is high. (1) Explain the immunologic
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
mechanisms that are responsible for her symptoms. (2) What type(s) of
| | | | | | | | | | |
treatment might be used to relieve her symptoms? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-(1)
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Mast cells, basophils, and eosinophils play an important role in the development
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of type I reactions because they contain the chemical mediator histamine. A
| | | | | | | | | | | |
primary or initial-phase response is vasodilation, vascular leakage, and smooth
| | | | | | | | | |
muscle contraction. A secondary or late-phase response is characterized by more
| | | | | | | | | | |
intense infiltration of tissues with eosinophils and other acute and chronic
| | | | | | | | | | |
inflammatory cells, as well as tissue damage. (2) Antihistamines and intranasal
| | | | | | | | | | |
corticosteroids are the mainstay of treatment. | | | | |
Following a heart attack, the area of heart muscle that has undergone necrosis
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
because of lack of blood supply will heal by scar tissue replacement. - CORRECT
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
ANSWER✔✔-true
Which of the following is an incorrect pairing of a classic manifestation of acute
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
inflammation with its corresponding cause? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-Know the
| | | | | | | | |
following correct pairings: | |
Rubor- vasodilation |
Dolor- pain |
Calor- increased blood flow
| | |
Tumor- exudation of fluid and cells into extravascular tissues
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Functio laesa- loss of function
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with correct answers
Explain the challenges of diagnosing autoimmune disorders. - CORRECT
| | | | | | | | |
ANSWER✔✔-There are over 80 identified, many with overlapping presentations.
| | | | | | | | |
Many manifestations are nonspecific and are seen in other non-autoimmune
| | | | | | | | | |
diseases. Blood testing isn't perfect either, as some tests are more generic and
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
can be elevated in the presence of other diseases.
| | | | | | | |
Which type of immunity is characterized by the development of a specific
| | | | | | | | | | | |
response to an antigen? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-adaptive immunity
| | | | | | |
What are the primary cells involved in the adaptive immune response? -
| | | | | | | | | | | |
CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-lymphocytes
|
T lymphocytes produce what type of immunity? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-cell-
| | | | | | | | |
mediated (adaptive) |
Which immunoglobulin passes immune factors from the mother to the fetus? -
| | | | | | | | | | | |
CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-IgM (think M for mother)
| | | | |
Which cell type is an early responder and the most abundant in the body? -
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-neutrophils
|
, Which feature is NOT of innate immunity? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-microbe
| | | | | | | | | |
recognition is specific (remember: innate immunity is non-specific)
| | | | | | |
A 12-year-old female presents with itchy eyes, nasal congestion and drainage, and
| | | | | | | | | | |
|sneezing every spring when the pollen count is high. (1) Explain the immunologic
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
mechanisms that are responsible for her symptoms. (2) What type(s) of
| | | | | | | | | | |
treatment might be used to relieve her symptoms? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-(1)
| | | | | | | | | | |
Mast cells, basophils, and eosinophils play an important role in the development
| | | | | | | | | | | |
of type I reactions because they contain the chemical mediator histamine. A
| | | | | | | | | | | |
primary or initial-phase response is vasodilation, vascular leakage, and smooth
| | | | | | | | | |
muscle contraction. A secondary or late-phase response is characterized by more
| | | | | | | | | | |
intense infiltration of tissues with eosinophils and other acute and chronic
| | | | | | | | | | |
inflammatory cells, as well as tissue damage. (2) Antihistamines and intranasal
| | | | | | | | | | |
corticosteroids are the mainstay of treatment. | | | | |
Following a heart attack, the area of heart muscle that has undergone necrosis
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
because of lack of blood supply will heal by scar tissue replacement. - CORRECT
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
ANSWER✔✔-true
Which of the following is an incorrect pairing of a classic manifestation of acute
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
inflammation with its corresponding cause? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-Know the
| | | | | | | | |
following correct pairings: | |
Rubor- vasodilation |
Dolor- pain |
Calor- increased blood flow
| | |
Tumor- exudation of fluid and cells into extravascular tissues
| | | | | | | |
Functio laesa- loss of function
| | | |
