HCR 240 - Exam 2 (ASU) Questions With
Correct Answers
Ataxia |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-uncoordinated |movement |of |muscles
Dysmetria |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-past |pointing |or |overshooting
Tremors |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-failure |to |dampen |motor |movement
rhythmic |movements |of |body |part
Nystagmus |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-rapid, |involuntary |horizontal |and |vertical |movements |of |
the |eyeball
Paralysis |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-loss |of |movement
Paresis |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-weakness |of |movement
Motor |Unit |Components |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-motor |neuron |+ |group |of |nerve |fibers |it |
innervates
Clonus |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-rhythmic |contraction |of |and |alternate |relaxation |of |a |limb |
caused |by |suddenly |stretching |a |muscle
Myoclonus |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-involuntary |jerking |movement
,Coordination |of |Movement |Requires: |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-4 |areas |of |nervous |system
- |motor |system |(muscle |strength)
-cerebral |system |(rhythmic |movement |& |steady |posture)
-vestibular |system |(posture |and |balance)
- |sensory |system |(position |sense)
DMD |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-Inherited
Recessive |single |gene |defect
X |chromosome
mutations |in |gene |that |codes |for |dystrophin
necrosis |of |muscle |fibers
Myasthenia |Gravis |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-antibody |mediated |(B |cell) |attack |on |acetylcholine |
receptors |on |muscle |end |of |neuromuscular |junction
Segmental |demyelination |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-disorder |of |Schwann |Cell |(as |in |Guillain |
Barre |Syndrome) |or |damage |to |myelin |sheath |WITHOUT |primary |abnormalities |of |the |axon
Axonal |degeneration |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-caused |by |primary |injury |to |a |neuronal |cell |body
|or |it's |axon
Polyneuropathies |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-multiple |peripheral |nerves
longest |axons |involved |first
begins |in |distal |part |of |extremities
Guillain |Barre |Syndrome |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-acute |immune |mediated |polyneuropathy |(T |
cell)
, rapidly |progressing
most |common |cause |of |acute, |flaccid, |nontraumatic |paralysis
Herniated |Intervertebral |Disk |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-nucleus |pulposus |of |disk |is |squeezed |
out |past |the |annulus |fibrosus
mainly |caused |by |trauma, |also |by |osteoarthritis
mainly |cervical |and |lumbar |areas
Spinal |Cord |Injuries |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-common |young |person |disorder
mainly |due |to |combination |of |writhing |movements |and |compressing |force
fractures, |dislocations |and |subluxation
Flexion |SCI |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-forward |bending |of |spinal |cord
typical |when |head |is |struck |from |behind
Extension |SCI |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-excessive |bending |backward |of |spinal |cord
fall |when |chin |or |face |is |point |of |impact
Compression |SCI |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-vertebral |bones |shatter, |squash, |or |even |burst
ex: |blow |to |top |of |head |or |diving |injury
Acute |SCI |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-involves |damage |of |neural |elements |of |spinal |cord
primary |and |secondary
Spinal |shock |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-immediate |response |to |SCI
flaccid |paralysis |with |loss |of |tendon |reflexes |below |injury |level
Correct Answers
Ataxia |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-uncoordinated |movement |of |muscles
Dysmetria |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-past |pointing |or |overshooting
Tremors |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-failure |to |dampen |motor |movement
rhythmic |movements |of |body |part
Nystagmus |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-rapid, |involuntary |horizontal |and |vertical |movements |of |
the |eyeball
Paralysis |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-loss |of |movement
Paresis |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-weakness |of |movement
Motor |Unit |Components |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-motor |neuron |+ |group |of |nerve |fibers |it |
innervates
Clonus |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-rhythmic |contraction |of |and |alternate |relaxation |of |a |limb |
caused |by |suddenly |stretching |a |muscle
Myoclonus |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-involuntary |jerking |movement
,Coordination |of |Movement |Requires: |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-4 |areas |of |nervous |system
- |motor |system |(muscle |strength)
-cerebral |system |(rhythmic |movement |& |steady |posture)
-vestibular |system |(posture |and |balance)
- |sensory |system |(position |sense)
DMD |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-Inherited
Recessive |single |gene |defect
X |chromosome
mutations |in |gene |that |codes |for |dystrophin
necrosis |of |muscle |fibers
Myasthenia |Gravis |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-antibody |mediated |(B |cell) |attack |on |acetylcholine |
receptors |on |muscle |end |of |neuromuscular |junction
Segmental |demyelination |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-disorder |of |Schwann |Cell |(as |in |Guillain |
Barre |Syndrome) |or |damage |to |myelin |sheath |WITHOUT |primary |abnormalities |of |the |axon
Axonal |degeneration |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-caused |by |primary |injury |to |a |neuronal |cell |body
|or |it's |axon
Polyneuropathies |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-multiple |peripheral |nerves
longest |axons |involved |first
begins |in |distal |part |of |extremities
Guillain |Barre |Syndrome |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-acute |immune |mediated |polyneuropathy |(T |
cell)
, rapidly |progressing
most |common |cause |of |acute, |flaccid, |nontraumatic |paralysis
Herniated |Intervertebral |Disk |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-nucleus |pulposus |of |disk |is |squeezed |
out |past |the |annulus |fibrosus
mainly |caused |by |trauma, |also |by |osteoarthritis
mainly |cervical |and |lumbar |areas
Spinal |Cord |Injuries |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-common |young |person |disorder
mainly |due |to |combination |of |writhing |movements |and |compressing |force
fractures, |dislocations |and |subluxation
Flexion |SCI |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-forward |bending |of |spinal |cord
typical |when |head |is |struck |from |behind
Extension |SCI |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-excessive |bending |backward |of |spinal |cord
fall |when |chin |or |face |is |point |of |impact
Compression |SCI |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-vertebral |bones |shatter, |squash, |or |even |burst
ex: |blow |to |top |of |head |or |diving |injury
Acute |SCI |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-involves |damage |of |neural |elements |of |spinal |cord
primary |and |secondary
Spinal |shock |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-immediate |response |to |SCI
flaccid |paralysis |with |loss |of |tendon |reflexes |below |injury |level
