ABNORMAL PSYCHOLOGY:An
Integrative Approach (8th Edit).
Barlow, D.H., Durand, V.M., &
Hofmann, S. G TEST 1
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
Psychological disorder or Abnormal behavior
"A psychological dysfunction within an individual associated with distress or
impairment in functioning and a response that is not typical or culturally expected."
(p.1 par. 1)
Phobia
"A psychological disorder characterized by marked and persistent fear of an object or
situation." (p.1 par. 5)
Psychological dysfunction
"A breakdown in cognitive, emotional, or behavioral functioning." (p. 2 par.1)
What are the 3 criteria that define a psychological disorder?
Psychological dysfunction, distress or impairment, atypical response. (p. 2 Fig. 1.1)
Must all three criteria for defining psychological disorder be present in a
disorder?
No. They are helpful tools but not necessary requirements for a disorder. (pp. 2-4)
How does the DSM-IV-TR describe behavioral, psychological or biological
dysfunction?
"...unexpected in their cultural context and associated with present distress and
impairment in functioning, or increased risk of suffering, death, pain, or impairment."
(p. 4 par. 1)
What is Psychopathology?
"...the study of psychological disorders." (p. 4 par. 4)
What are some professions in the field of Psychopathology?
"...clinical and counseling psychologists, psychiatrists, psychiatric social workers,
and psychiatric nurses, as well as marriage and family therapists and mental health
counselors." (p. 4 par. 4)
,What are mental health professionals who take a scientific approach to their
clinical work called?
Scientist-practitioners (p. 4 par. 8)
What is a "presenting problem"?
The reason why a patient came to a hospital or clinic. (p. 5 par. 2)
What is "clinical description"?
"...the unique combination of behaviors, thoughts, and feelings that make up a
specific disorder." (p. 5 par. 2)
What is the prevalence of a disorder?
The amount of people in the population as a whole who have the disorder. (p. 5 par.
4)
What is the incidence of a disorder?
The number of new cases that occur in a set period of time. (p. 5 par. 4)
What is the sex ratio?
The "...percentage of males and females who have a disorder and the typical age of
onset, which often differs from one disorder to another." (p. 5 par. 4)
What is a chronic course?
The course of a disorder that lasts a long time, sometimes a lifetime. (p. 5 par. 5)
What is an episodic course?
The course of a disorder that is likely to last only a few months, disappear and
reappear later. (p. 5 par. 5)
What is a time-limited course?
A disorder that will likely improve without treatment in a relatively short period of
time. (p. 5 par. 5)
What is acute onset?
A disorder that begins suddenly. (p. 5 par. 6)
What is insidious onset?
A disorder that develops gradually over an extended period of time. (p. 5 par. 6)
What is prognosis?
"The anticipated course of a disorder..." (p. 5 par. 6)
What is etiology?
The study of why a disorder begins. (p. 6 par. 2)
What are the 3 historical models of human behavior?
Supernatural, Biological and Psychological. (p. 6 par. 9)
, Who was the first well known person to postulate the idea that psychological
disorder can be treated like any other disease?
Hippocrates (p. 10 par. 3)
Who are the two men most influential in the development of the humoral
theory of disorders?
Hippocrates and Galen (p.10 par. 4)
What are the 4 humors that Hippocrates assumed were related to four bodily
fluids and whose imbalance could cause psychological disorder?
Blood, black bile, phlegm, and choler or yellow bile. (p. 10 par 4)
A sexually transmitted disease caused by a bacterial microorganism entering
the brain, including believing that everyone is plotting against you (delusions
of persecution) or that you are God (delusions of grandeur).
Advanced Syphilis.
Delusions
Beliefs that are not based in reality.
Hallucinations
Perceptions that are not based in reality.
Who discovered the nature of Syphilis and was a champion of the biological
tradition?
John P. Grey
What was a great modern development advanced by John P. Grey
Better sanitation, rest, diet , temperature and ventilation in mental hospitals.
What are some new techniques that were developed by the biological
tradition?
Insulin shock therapy and electric shock therapy.
What are the basic tenets of moral therapy?
Treating institutionalized patients as normally as possible in a setting that
encouraged and reinforced normal social interaction.
Who was influential in removing restraints and chains and implementing
positive psychological interventions.
Philippe Pinel
Who was responsible for the mental hygiene movement?
Dorothea Dix
What was an unforeseen consequence of the mental hygiene movement?
Integrative Approach (8th Edit).
Barlow, D.H., Durand, V.M., &
Hofmann, S. G TEST 1
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
Psychological disorder or Abnormal behavior
"A psychological dysfunction within an individual associated with distress or
impairment in functioning and a response that is not typical or culturally expected."
(p.1 par. 1)
Phobia
"A psychological disorder characterized by marked and persistent fear of an object or
situation." (p.1 par. 5)
Psychological dysfunction
"A breakdown in cognitive, emotional, or behavioral functioning." (p. 2 par.1)
What are the 3 criteria that define a psychological disorder?
Psychological dysfunction, distress or impairment, atypical response. (p. 2 Fig. 1.1)
Must all three criteria for defining psychological disorder be present in a
disorder?
No. They are helpful tools but not necessary requirements for a disorder. (pp. 2-4)
How does the DSM-IV-TR describe behavioral, psychological or biological
dysfunction?
"...unexpected in their cultural context and associated with present distress and
impairment in functioning, or increased risk of suffering, death, pain, or impairment."
(p. 4 par. 1)
What is Psychopathology?
"...the study of psychological disorders." (p. 4 par. 4)
What are some professions in the field of Psychopathology?
"...clinical and counseling psychologists, psychiatrists, psychiatric social workers,
and psychiatric nurses, as well as marriage and family therapists and mental health
counselors." (p. 4 par. 4)
,What are mental health professionals who take a scientific approach to their
clinical work called?
Scientist-practitioners (p. 4 par. 8)
What is a "presenting problem"?
The reason why a patient came to a hospital or clinic. (p. 5 par. 2)
What is "clinical description"?
"...the unique combination of behaviors, thoughts, and feelings that make up a
specific disorder." (p. 5 par. 2)
What is the prevalence of a disorder?
The amount of people in the population as a whole who have the disorder. (p. 5 par.
4)
What is the incidence of a disorder?
The number of new cases that occur in a set period of time. (p. 5 par. 4)
What is the sex ratio?
The "...percentage of males and females who have a disorder and the typical age of
onset, which often differs from one disorder to another." (p. 5 par. 4)
What is a chronic course?
The course of a disorder that lasts a long time, sometimes a lifetime. (p. 5 par. 5)
What is an episodic course?
The course of a disorder that is likely to last only a few months, disappear and
reappear later. (p. 5 par. 5)
What is a time-limited course?
A disorder that will likely improve without treatment in a relatively short period of
time. (p. 5 par. 5)
What is acute onset?
A disorder that begins suddenly. (p. 5 par. 6)
What is insidious onset?
A disorder that develops gradually over an extended period of time. (p. 5 par. 6)
What is prognosis?
"The anticipated course of a disorder..." (p. 5 par. 6)
What is etiology?
The study of why a disorder begins. (p. 6 par. 2)
What are the 3 historical models of human behavior?
Supernatural, Biological and Psychological. (p. 6 par. 9)
, Who was the first well known person to postulate the idea that psychological
disorder can be treated like any other disease?
Hippocrates (p. 10 par. 3)
Who are the two men most influential in the development of the humoral
theory of disorders?
Hippocrates and Galen (p.10 par. 4)
What are the 4 humors that Hippocrates assumed were related to four bodily
fluids and whose imbalance could cause psychological disorder?
Blood, black bile, phlegm, and choler or yellow bile. (p. 10 par 4)
A sexually transmitted disease caused by a bacterial microorganism entering
the brain, including believing that everyone is plotting against you (delusions
of persecution) or that you are God (delusions of grandeur).
Advanced Syphilis.
Delusions
Beliefs that are not based in reality.
Hallucinations
Perceptions that are not based in reality.
Who discovered the nature of Syphilis and was a champion of the biological
tradition?
John P. Grey
What was a great modern development advanced by John P. Grey
Better sanitation, rest, diet , temperature and ventilation in mental hospitals.
What are some new techniques that were developed by the biological
tradition?
Insulin shock therapy and electric shock therapy.
What are the basic tenets of moral therapy?
Treating institutionalized patients as normally as possible in a setting that
encouraged and reinforced normal social interaction.
Who was influential in removing restraints and chains and implementing
positive psychological interventions.
Philippe Pinel
Who was responsible for the mental hygiene movement?
Dorothea Dix
What was an unforeseen consequence of the mental hygiene movement?
