Exam (2026|2027) Expected Questions
and Answers
1. endometrial cycle: The 28 days of the menstrual cycle as they apply to the events in the
uterus. The endometrial cycle has four subphases: menstruation, the proliferative phase, and the
secretory phase, and the ischemic phase .
2. proliferative phase: The second phase of the uterine (endometrial) cycle, during which the
endometrium
(shed ott during menstration is rebuilt). This phase of the cycle is under the control of estrogen,
secreted from the follicle developing in the ovary during this time period. The proliferative phase
typically lasts from day 6 to day 14 of the menstrual cycle.
3. secretory phase: The third phase of the uterin (endometrial) cycle, during which the rebuilt
endometrium
is enhanced with glycogen and lipid stores. The secretory phase is primarily under the controll of
progestone and estrogen (secreted from the copus luteum during this time period), adn typically
lasts from day 15 to day 28 of the menstrual cycle.
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, 4. ischemic phase: Approximately 3 days before menstruation to onset of menstruation. due
to the decreased
production of estrogen or progesterone and the endometrium becomes blood starved
5. menstrual cycle: Cycle during which an egg develops and is released from an ovary
and the uterus is prepared to receive a fertilized egg.
6. Ovulation: The process of releasing a mature ovum into the fallopian tube each month
7. uterine prolapse: the condition in which the uterus slides from its normal position in the
pelvic cavity and sags into the vagina
8. risk factors for uterine prolapse: menopause, pregnancy, coughing, constipation,
obesity, pelvic floor trauma, vaginal birth, hysterectomy, connective tissue disorders, spina
bifida
9. uterine prolapse treatment: - kegel exercises
- estrogen therapy
- maintaining a healthy bmi, preventing constipation, treating chronic cough
- pessary
- surgical option s last resort
10. polycystic ovarian syndrome: defined as two of the following three features
- irregular ovulation
-elevated adrogens (testosterone)
- and the appearance of polycystic ovaries on ultrasound
11. differentials for pcos: - thyroid dysfunction
- hyperprolactinemia
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, - congenital adrenal hyperplasia
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