OPP NSU EXAM 1 || ANSWERED PERFECTLY 100%.
indirect techniques examples correct answers indirect myofascial release, counterstrain,
facilitated positional release
myofascial release correct answers first described by AT Still, depends on continual palpatory
feedback for release
direct myofascial release (DMFR) technique correct answers myofascial tissue restrictive barrier
engaged for myofascial tissues and tissue is loaded with constant force until release occurs
indirect MFR correct answers dysfunctional myofascial tissues are guided along path of least
resistance until release occurs
Indications for MFR correct answers somatic dysfunctions involving myofascial or other
connective tissues of the body
contraindications MFR correct answers absolute- lack of consent, no somatic dysfunction
relative- open wounds, DVT/PE thrombosis, abscesses, anticoagulation, neoplasms, post op
where technique is being done (wound dehiscence), fractures, soft tissue or bony infections,
aortic aneurysms
MFR elasticity, plasticity, hysteresis, and creep correct answers elasticity- fascia returns to
original shape after load
plasticity- fascia when under longer loads reform into new shape
can be done by converting mechanical stress into energy such as heat (hysteresis)
MFR allows for plastic changes (creep) associated with release of energy (hysteresis)
MFR step by step mechanism correct answers myofascial release treatment, stimulation
mechanoreceptors, CNS, muscle tone change related muscles, palpable response
, Strain/counterstrain, Jones technique correct answers indirect treatment in which patient's
somatic dysfunction associated with myofascial tender point is treated by using a position of
spontaneous tissue release while monitoring the tender point
History of Jones technique (counterstrain) correct answers Started by Jones in rural Oregon man
had lower back pain unsuccessfully treated. Jones put patient in position of comfort, returned 20
min later to find patient pain free, slowly returned patient to neutral and pain gone
Paravertebral tenderness by counterstrain correct answers tenderpoints were released by placing
patient in a position of comfort, waiting 90 sec, then slowly returning to neutral
Jones discovered that only about half of his patients had posterior tenderpoints, anterior
tenderpoints also correlate with spinal somatic dysfunction
tenderpoints correct answers usually located near bony attachments of tendons, ligaments, or
belly of some muscles. Palpated as small, tense, edematous areas in soft tissue, which are about
the size of a fingertip. Locally tender-- no pain referral
pathophysiology correct answers strain resulting from overstretching myofascial tissues causing
increase in the gamma gain of the muscle spindles within the muscle, muscle spindles send input
to CNS resulting in perception of pain
muscle spindle correct answers muscle spindle receptors sense both length and change in length
of intrafusal fibers of muscle, increased firing leads to increased gamma motor neuron activity
resulting in muscle contraction
Annulospiral receptors = sense BOTH length and change in length of intrafusal fibers
Flower spray receptors = sense length of intrafusal fibers
counterstrain indications and facilitated position release (both same) correct answers used as
primary treatment or in conjunction with other approaches, somatic dysfunction any part of body,
somatic dysfunction with neural component like hypershortened muscle, acute or chronic
somatic dysfunction
indirect techniques examples correct answers indirect myofascial release, counterstrain,
facilitated positional release
myofascial release correct answers first described by AT Still, depends on continual palpatory
feedback for release
direct myofascial release (DMFR) technique correct answers myofascial tissue restrictive barrier
engaged for myofascial tissues and tissue is loaded with constant force until release occurs
indirect MFR correct answers dysfunctional myofascial tissues are guided along path of least
resistance until release occurs
Indications for MFR correct answers somatic dysfunctions involving myofascial or other
connective tissues of the body
contraindications MFR correct answers absolute- lack of consent, no somatic dysfunction
relative- open wounds, DVT/PE thrombosis, abscesses, anticoagulation, neoplasms, post op
where technique is being done (wound dehiscence), fractures, soft tissue or bony infections,
aortic aneurysms
MFR elasticity, plasticity, hysteresis, and creep correct answers elasticity- fascia returns to
original shape after load
plasticity- fascia when under longer loads reform into new shape
can be done by converting mechanical stress into energy such as heat (hysteresis)
MFR allows for plastic changes (creep) associated with release of energy (hysteresis)
MFR step by step mechanism correct answers myofascial release treatment, stimulation
mechanoreceptors, CNS, muscle tone change related muscles, palpable response
, Strain/counterstrain, Jones technique correct answers indirect treatment in which patient's
somatic dysfunction associated with myofascial tender point is treated by using a position of
spontaneous tissue release while monitoring the tender point
History of Jones technique (counterstrain) correct answers Started by Jones in rural Oregon man
had lower back pain unsuccessfully treated. Jones put patient in position of comfort, returned 20
min later to find patient pain free, slowly returned patient to neutral and pain gone
Paravertebral tenderness by counterstrain correct answers tenderpoints were released by placing
patient in a position of comfort, waiting 90 sec, then slowly returning to neutral
Jones discovered that only about half of his patients had posterior tenderpoints, anterior
tenderpoints also correlate with spinal somatic dysfunction
tenderpoints correct answers usually located near bony attachments of tendons, ligaments, or
belly of some muscles. Palpated as small, tense, edematous areas in soft tissue, which are about
the size of a fingertip. Locally tender-- no pain referral
pathophysiology correct answers strain resulting from overstretching myofascial tissues causing
increase in the gamma gain of the muscle spindles within the muscle, muscle spindles send input
to CNS resulting in perception of pain
muscle spindle correct answers muscle spindle receptors sense both length and change in length
of intrafusal fibers of muscle, increased firing leads to increased gamma motor neuron activity
resulting in muscle contraction
Annulospiral receptors = sense BOTH length and change in length of intrafusal fibers
Flower spray receptors = sense length of intrafusal fibers
counterstrain indications and facilitated position release (both same) correct answers used as
primary treatment or in conjunction with other approaches, somatic dysfunction any part of body,
somatic dysfunction with neural component like hypershortened muscle, acute or chronic
somatic dysfunction
