Updated 2026
Memory
Persistence of learning over me, through the storage and retrieval of info and skills
Encoding:
info put into our brain, that allows it to be stored
Storage:
info held in a way that allows it to be retrieved
Retrieval:
retrieving and recalling nfo producing it similar to what was encoded
Explicit (Declara ve ) Memory:
Facts, stories, and meanings of words we know and can recall. Effor'ull process
Implicit Memories:
Memories we're not fully aware of. Automa cally processed.
Implicit Memories Examples
Condi on associa ons (smells)
Procedural memories (riding bike)
Spcae (recall your house)
Time (looking backwards for something lost)
Frequency (third me heard song on radio)
Procedural Memory:
Riding a bike
Sensory Memory:
Where memories are kept a few seconds or less
Short Term Memory:
Info kept for a limited dura on (20 sec. less)
Can be extended by rehearsal.
, Limited Capacity = 7 digits +- 2
6 le7ers
5 words
Long Term Memory:
Info that is kept for hours, days, weeks, years
Unlimited capacity
The magic #7 (+/- 2):
STM: 7 digets or 6 le7ers or 5 words (+/-2)
Working Memory
brain system that stores and manages informa on for a compara vely short me
Effor'ul Processing Strategies
Chunking
Rehearsal
Chunking
Organizing data to manageable units
(when giving CC, SS, and phone #'s, you break into small units.)
Personality
Individuals characteris c pa7erns of thoughts, feelings, and behaviors (consistent, dis nc ve)
Trait theory:
we have traits: stable and enauring characteris cs that make us tend to act a certain way
Facts on Trait theory:
Traits can be iden fied and meausured
Traits differ from person to person
Traits are influenced by gene c predisposi on
Who are the Key Proponents of the Traits Theory:
Allport, Eysenck, McCrae, Costa
Personality Inventories: