Portage Learning Genetics BIOL 210/ BIOD 210
Module 7 Exams; All Versions Latest Update/ Verified
Institution: Portage Learning
Course Code: BIOL 210/ BIOD 210
Course Title: Genetics
Exam: Module 7
Assessment Type: Examination
Edition: Updated Version
Student Name: _______________________________
Student Id: _________________________________
Instructor: _________________________________
Instructions:
Answer All Questions.
Choose The Correct Answer
QUESTIONS TYPE:
➢ Multiple Choice:
➢ True Or False:
➢ Explain/Describe/ Identification
➢ Fill In The Blank
➢ Short Answer
All The Best!!
,1. Explain/Describe
Describe The Properties Of The Genetic Material
ANS.
Able To Carry Information: It Must Contain The Information Necessary To Make An
Entire Organism & Control Traits
Able To Be Transmitted: It Must Be Passed From Parent To Offspring
Able To Replicate: It Must Be Copied In Order To Be Passed From Parent To Offspring
Able To Vary: It Must Be Capable Of Changes To Account For The Phenotypic
Variation
2. Explain/Describe
Explain The Experiments By Griffith And Avery, Macleod & Mccarty, Interpret The
Results Obtained, And Explain How Their Results Contributed To The Identification Of
DNA As The Genetic Material.
ANS.
Griffith: "Transforming Principle" – Concluded That Something From The Dead Type S
Bacteria Was Transforming Type R Bacteria Into Type S.
Avery, Macleod, Mccarty: Isolated And Characterized The Transforming Principle Using
A Biochemical Approach:
Prepared Cell Extracts From Heat-Killed Type S Cells
Purified Different Cellular Components From The Extract
Tested These Components For Transforming Ability
Conclusion: R Bacteria Exposed To DNA From Type S Transformed Into Type S,
Identifying DNA As The Genetic Material.
,3. Explain/Describe
Describe And Identify A Single And A Double Strand Of DNA As Shown In Fig. 9.12,
Including Polarity, And Distinguish DNA From RNA
ANS.
DNA: Right-Handed Double Helix; A Pairs With T, G Pairs With C; Strands Are
Antiparallel; ~10 Bp Per Turn; B-DNA Major Form, Z-DNA Alternative Conformation.
RNA: Single Strand; Can Form Double-Helical Regions; Folds Into 3D Structures.
4. Fill In The Blank
The Sugar-Phosphate Backbone Of RNA
A. Has 5' Free Phosphate And 3' Free Hydroxyl Ends
B. Is Composed Of Only Nucleotides Without Directionality
C. Forms Only Double-Stranded Helices
D. Contains Thymine Instead Of Uracil
ANS. A – Nucleic Acids Have Directionality With Distinct 5’ And 3’ Ends.
5. Fill In The Blank
DNA Strand
A. Backbone Is Made Of Phosphate Sugars Linked Together; Nitrogenous Bases
Attached To 1’ Carbon Forming Phosphodiester Linkages
B. Backbone Is Made Of Only Sugars
C. Bases Are Attached To Phosphate Groups
D. Has Only Single-Stranded Structure
ANS. A – DNA Has A Sugar-Phosphate Backbone With Bases Attached To Sugars Via
Phosphodiester Bonds.
6. Explain/Describe
, Describe The Key Features Of The Double Helical Model Of DNA Structure
ANS.
Phosphate-Sugar Backbone On Outside (P-S-P-S-P)
Nitrogenous Bases Inside (A-T, G-C)
Two Strands Form A Double Helix
Complementary Base Pairing Via Hydrogen Bonds
Strands Are Antiparallel (5'→3'/3'→5')
10 Nucleotides Per Complete Turn
Major Groove: Backbones Far Apart
Minor Groove: Backbones Closer Together
7. Explain/Describe
Explain How The Double Helix Structure Suggests How DNA Can Fulfill The
Requirements Of The Genetic Material
ANS.
Information: Sequence Of Bases Carries Genetic Information
Replication: Complementary Base Pairing Allows Template-Based Replication
Variation: Base Sequences Can Vary Freely
Transmission: DNA Is Passed To Progeny In Chromosomes
8. Fill In The Blank
Nucleotide
A. Base + Sugar + Phosphate
B. Base + Sugar
C. Sugar + Phosphate
D. Phosphate + Base
ANS. A – A Nucleotide Consists Of A Nitrogenous Base, Sugar, And Phosphate Group.
Module 7 Exams; All Versions Latest Update/ Verified
Institution: Portage Learning
Course Code: BIOL 210/ BIOD 210
Course Title: Genetics
Exam: Module 7
Assessment Type: Examination
Edition: Updated Version
Student Name: _______________________________
Student Id: _________________________________
Instructor: _________________________________
Instructions:
Answer All Questions.
Choose The Correct Answer
QUESTIONS TYPE:
➢ Multiple Choice:
➢ True Or False:
➢ Explain/Describe/ Identification
➢ Fill In The Blank
➢ Short Answer
All The Best!!
,1. Explain/Describe
Describe The Properties Of The Genetic Material
ANS.
Able To Carry Information: It Must Contain The Information Necessary To Make An
Entire Organism & Control Traits
Able To Be Transmitted: It Must Be Passed From Parent To Offspring
Able To Replicate: It Must Be Copied In Order To Be Passed From Parent To Offspring
Able To Vary: It Must Be Capable Of Changes To Account For The Phenotypic
Variation
2. Explain/Describe
Explain The Experiments By Griffith And Avery, Macleod & Mccarty, Interpret The
Results Obtained, And Explain How Their Results Contributed To The Identification Of
DNA As The Genetic Material.
ANS.
Griffith: "Transforming Principle" – Concluded That Something From The Dead Type S
Bacteria Was Transforming Type R Bacteria Into Type S.
Avery, Macleod, Mccarty: Isolated And Characterized The Transforming Principle Using
A Biochemical Approach:
Prepared Cell Extracts From Heat-Killed Type S Cells
Purified Different Cellular Components From The Extract
Tested These Components For Transforming Ability
Conclusion: R Bacteria Exposed To DNA From Type S Transformed Into Type S,
Identifying DNA As The Genetic Material.
,3. Explain/Describe
Describe And Identify A Single And A Double Strand Of DNA As Shown In Fig. 9.12,
Including Polarity, And Distinguish DNA From RNA
ANS.
DNA: Right-Handed Double Helix; A Pairs With T, G Pairs With C; Strands Are
Antiparallel; ~10 Bp Per Turn; B-DNA Major Form, Z-DNA Alternative Conformation.
RNA: Single Strand; Can Form Double-Helical Regions; Folds Into 3D Structures.
4. Fill In The Blank
The Sugar-Phosphate Backbone Of RNA
A. Has 5' Free Phosphate And 3' Free Hydroxyl Ends
B. Is Composed Of Only Nucleotides Without Directionality
C. Forms Only Double-Stranded Helices
D. Contains Thymine Instead Of Uracil
ANS. A – Nucleic Acids Have Directionality With Distinct 5’ And 3’ Ends.
5. Fill In The Blank
DNA Strand
A. Backbone Is Made Of Phosphate Sugars Linked Together; Nitrogenous Bases
Attached To 1’ Carbon Forming Phosphodiester Linkages
B. Backbone Is Made Of Only Sugars
C. Bases Are Attached To Phosphate Groups
D. Has Only Single-Stranded Structure
ANS. A – DNA Has A Sugar-Phosphate Backbone With Bases Attached To Sugars Via
Phosphodiester Bonds.
6. Explain/Describe
, Describe The Key Features Of The Double Helical Model Of DNA Structure
ANS.
Phosphate-Sugar Backbone On Outside (P-S-P-S-P)
Nitrogenous Bases Inside (A-T, G-C)
Two Strands Form A Double Helix
Complementary Base Pairing Via Hydrogen Bonds
Strands Are Antiparallel (5'→3'/3'→5')
10 Nucleotides Per Complete Turn
Major Groove: Backbones Far Apart
Minor Groove: Backbones Closer Together
7. Explain/Describe
Explain How The Double Helix Structure Suggests How DNA Can Fulfill The
Requirements Of The Genetic Material
ANS.
Information: Sequence Of Bases Carries Genetic Information
Replication: Complementary Base Pairing Allows Template-Based Replication
Variation: Base Sequences Can Vary Freely
Transmission: DNA Is Passed To Progeny In Chromosomes
8. Fill In The Blank
Nucleotide
A. Base + Sugar + Phosphate
B. Base + Sugar
C. Sugar + Phosphate
D. Phosphate + Base
ANS. A – A Nucleotide Consists Of A Nitrogenous Base, Sugar, And Phosphate Group.
