NUR 265 Exam 1-Ques ons and answers | Updated
RATED A+ 2026
What is nephro c syndrome?
A condi on of increased glomerular permeability that allows larger molecules to pass through
the membrane into the urine and then be excreted.
What are key features of nephro c syndrome?
-Massive proteinuria
-Hypoalbuminemia
-Edema (facial and periorbital)
-Lipiduria
-Hyperlipidemia
-Increased coagula on
-Reduced kidney func on
In nephro c syndrome, severe protein loss in the urine is greater than what?
3.5g in 24 hours
What is nephro c syndrome treated with?
-immunosuppressant agents (if immunity based).
-ACE inhibitors (decreased protein loss in urine)
-sta ns (improve blood lipid levels).
-Heparin (used to treat vascular effects and improve kidney func on)
Describe the "risk" stage for AKI
crea nine x 1.5 of normal, and GFR reduced by 25%
Describe the "injury" stage for AKI
crea nine x2 & GFR reduced by 50%
Describe the "failure" stage for AKI
crea nine x3 normal, & GFR reduced by 75% (Cant fix)
Describe Prerenal AKI. Give examples.
, Decreased perfusion to kidneys.
-NSAIDs
-Severe dehydra on
-Renal artery stenosis
-MI or HF resul ng in low ejec on frac on and low cardiac output
-Blood/ fluid loss
Describe Intrarenal AKI. Give examples.
Tissue damage to the actual kidneys.
-Glomerulonephri s or inflamma on of the glomeruli
-Sepsis
-Intrarenal bleeding
-Pyelonephri s
Describe Postrenal AKI. Give examples.
Obstruc on that occurs aBer the kidney.
-Enlarged prostate (BPH)
-Bladder Cancer
-Kidney stones
How do you determine the mean arterial pressure (MAP)?
Systolic + (Diastolic*2) /3
What is the MAP needed to perfuse the kidneys?
65 mmHg
What are examples of nephrotoxic drugs?
-NSAIDS
-MeFormin
-Diure cs
-An bio cs (especially -mycin)
-Contrast dye
During the diure c phase of AKI, what needs to be monitored?
Watch for dehydra on and make sure output is greater than input
RATED A+ 2026
What is nephro c syndrome?
A condi on of increased glomerular permeability that allows larger molecules to pass through
the membrane into the urine and then be excreted.
What are key features of nephro c syndrome?
-Massive proteinuria
-Hypoalbuminemia
-Edema (facial and periorbital)
-Lipiduria
-Hyperlipidemia
-Increased coagula on
-Reduced kidney func on
In nephro c syndrome, severe protein loss in the urine is greater than what?
3.5g in 24 hours
What is nephro c syndrome treated with?
-immunosuppressant agents (if immunity based).
-ACE inhibitors (decreased protein loss in urine)
-sta ns (improve blood lipid levels).
-Heparin (used to treat vascular effects and improve kidney func on)
Describe the "risk" stage for AKI
crea nine x 1.5 of normal, and GFR reduced by 25%
Describe the "injury" stage for AKI
crea nine x2 & GFR reduced by 50%
Describe the "failure" stage for AKI
crea nine x3 normal, & GFR reduced by 75% (Cant fix)
Describe Prerenal AKI. Give examples.
, Decreased perfusion to kidneys.
-NSAIDs
-Severe dehydra on
-Renal artery stenosis
-MI or HF resul ng in low ejec on frac on and low cardiac output
-Blood/ fluid loss
Describe Intrarenal AKI. Give examples.
Tissue damage to the actual kidneys.
-Glomerulonephri s or inflamma on of the glomeruli
-Sepsis
-Intrarenal bleeding
-Pyelonephri s
Describe Postrenal AKI. Give examples.
Obstruc on that occurs aBer the kidney.
-Enlarged prostate (BPH)
-Bladder Cancer
-Kidney stones
How do you determine the mean arterial pressure (MAP)?
Systolic + (Diastolic*2) /3
What is the MAP needed to perfuse the kidneys?
65 mmHg
What are examples of nephrotoxic drugs?
-NSAIDS
-MeFormin
-Diure cs
-An bio cs (especially -mycin)
-Contrast dye
During the diure c phase of AKI, what needs to be monitored?
Watch for dehydra on and make sure output is greater than input
