answers | Updated New | 2026
Psychology
the scien fic study of thought and behavior
Wilhelm Wundt
opened the first psychology laboratory in Germany, 1879
examined in detail the rela onship between physiology and psychology
Francis Galton
did not inde fy as a psycologist
cousin of Charles Darwin
interest in individual differences, gi&edness, and the influence of heredity
pioneering sta s cian
championed the eugenics movement
Edward Titchener
student of Wundt
structuralism
William Jame
American. associated with Harvard.
Started from medicine
Func onalism
focus on adapta on and con nuous flow of thoughts
wrote Principals of Psychology
G. Stanley Hall
american.
Student of James
Founded the American Psychological Associa on and served as its first president
found the first US psychology journal
Sigmund Freud
, Austrian
originally a medical doctor
psychoanalysis
John B. Watston
American.
behaviorism
rejected study of consciouness
strong environmental slant, we are a blank slate
Jean Piaget
swiss. observed and documented stages of cogni ve development
Carl Rogers (1), Abraham Maslow(2), and Mar n Seligman(3)
humanists
1- emphasis on self- concept
2- self actualiza on
3- study of happiness
belief that people have an inherent drive toward posi ve growth
1- client-centered therapy
2- Hierarchy of needs
3- "posi ve Psychology"
structuralism
break down conscious experience into its most elemental structures of sensa ons and
percep ons using the introspec ve method
Func onalism
believe that psychology should study the func on of behavior and thought rather the elements
of consciousness
behaviorism
scien fic psychology should study only observable behavior
behavioral persepec ve
learning, behavior modifica on, condi oning, effects of reinforcement and punishment
psychodynamic perspec ve