QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
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All assess facial expression, cry, arms/legs/consolability
consistently use the same scale
# bowel movements for a constipated person - ANSWER ✓ < 3 movements a
week
Bowl movements for a Pt with diarrhea - ANSWER ✓ 3 watery stools a day
Types of pain - ANSWER ✓ - somatic
- visceral
- neuropathic
- referred
- radiating
nociceptive pain - ANSWER ✓ pain from tissue trauma
somatic pain - ANSWER ✓ Pain that originates from skeletal muscles, ligaments,
or joints.
Visceral pain - ANSWER ✓ pain originating in the internal organs in the thorax,
cranium, or abdomen
neuropathic pain - ANSWER ✓ pain from damage to neurons of either the
peripheral or central nervous system
,referred pain - ANSWER ✓ pain that is felt in a location other than where the
pain originates
radiating pain - ANSWER ✓ pain that spreads out from an area
What would you find in the urine of a patient with a UTI? - ANSWER ✓ Nitrate
and WBC, cloudy urine
Volume for Polyuria - ANSWER ✓ > 2500 mL
How many samples need to be taken for occult blood? - ANSWER ✓ 3 stool
samples, one day apart
Upper GI test - ANSWER ✓ barium swallow
Chvostek sign - ANSWER ✓ Spasm of the facial muscle after tapping on the
facial nerve
*Hypocalcemia and hydration (neurologic)
Trousseau sign - ANSWER ✓ Spasm of the muscles in the hand and wrist from
pressure on the nerves of the upper arm
*Hypocalcemia and hydration (neurologic)
Protecting from injury/falls due to abnormal levels - ANSWER ✓ Pretty much all
hypos be on fall risk
Intake and output - ANSWER ✓ Routinely ordered for patients who are at risk for
or who have fluid and electrolyte imbalance
How to measure & calculate - Intake - ANSWER ✓ - includes all foods and oral
fluids as well as tube feedings and intravenous fluids
*Solids food intake is
documented as an estimated
percentage of a meal
(Consumed 85% of lunch)
*Oral fluids are recorded in
milliliter (mL)
, How to measure & Calculate - output - ANSWER ✓ - measured by collecting
fluid and drainage from bedpans, urinals, urinary catheters, drains, ostomy bags,
nasogastric tubes or collection devices (Vomit and drainage excretions need to
measured also)
*Liquids are measured in
mL
*Ice chips count 50% input
*Sweat is noted
Colonoscopy - ANSWER ✓ A procedure performed to visualize inflamed tissue,
ulcers, and abnormal growths in the anus, rectum, and colon.
Colonoscopy - Preparation - ANSWER ✓ • Perform bowel preparation to empty
solids from the GI tract by following a clear liquid diet for 1-3 days
• Should not drink beverages containing red or purple dye
• A laxative or an enema may be required the night before the colonoscopy
• Patient should inform PCP of all medications, anticoagulants, diabetes meds., and
vitamins containing iron.
• Usually are on NPO status for several hours before the procedure
Magnetic Resonance-imaging (MRI) - contraindications - ANSWER ✓ • Magnet
can affect the functions of computerized equipment such as IV infusion pumps and
mechanical ventilators
• Pacemakers, no jewelery, insulin pumps, inner ear implants, fragments, gunshot
wounds, or other metal objects in the body
Magnetic Resonance-imaging (MRI) - uses - ANSWER ✓ Allows better
visualization of blood vessels and signs of hemorrhage within hours of the event
• Used with or without contrast
• Common sites studied with MRI -
Abdomen, pelvis, Brain, Breast, Heart, Spine
Magnetic Resonance-imaging (MRI) - Precautions - ANSWER ✓ • Some patients
may experience claustrophobia because test is sometimes performed with the
patient in a tunnel-like machine for 30 - 90 min.
• Rarely, people with a tattoo have reported burning and swelling in the area of the
tattoo after MRI