PYC1512 LATEST EXAM PACK –Questions with
Answers and Rationales
(Based on PYC1512 – Introduction to Psychology /
Biological Psychology)
1. What is the role of the hippocampus?
A) Motor control
B) Evaluating emotional information
C) Autonomic functions
D) Learning and memory
✔ Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The hippocampus is critical for the formation of new explicit
(declarative) memories and spatial navigation.
2. Who is attributed to the field of genetics?
A) Albert Einstein
B) Isaac Newton
C) Gregor Mendel
D) Charles Darwin
✔ Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Gregor Mendel, through his work on pea plants, established the
fundamental laws of inheritance.
3. What is the part of a chromosome composed of DNA called?
A) Protein
B) Gene
C) Enzyme
D) Amino acid
,✔ Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A gene is a segment of DNA on a chromosome that codes for a specific
protein or trait.
4. What is the genetic code?
A) The sequence of bases in DNA
B) The form of an organism
C) The instruction manual that tells the cell how to make specific proteins
D) The synthesis of RNA
✔ Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The genetic code is the set of rules by which information encoded in
DNA is translated into proteins.
5. What are the three main types of RNA?
A) Protein RNA, Transfer RNA, Messenger RNA
B) Messenger RNA, Ribosomal RNA, Transfer RNA
C) Thymine RNA, Messenger RNA, Ribosomal RNA
D) Deoxyribonucleic acid, RNA, Ribosomal RNA
✔ Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The three main types are mRNA (carries code), rRNA (ribosomal
structural), and tRNA (transfers amino acids).
6. What are genes on the sex chromosomes known as?
A) recessive genes
B) autosomal genes
C) dominant genes
D) sex-linked genes
✔ Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Sex-linked genes are located on the X or Y chromosome and show
different inheritance patterns.
,7. Which neurotransmitter is most directly involved in muscle contraction?
A) Dopamine
B) Serotonin
C) Acetylcholine
D) GABA
✔ Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Acetylcholine is released at the neuromuscular junction to stimulate
skeletal muscle contraction.
8. The “fight or flight” response is primarily mediated by which branch of the
nervous system?
A) Parasympathetic
B) Sympathetic
C) Somatic
D) Enteric
✔ Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The sympathetic nervous system prepares the body for stress –
increased heart rate, dilated pupils, and adrenaline release.
9. Broca’s area, responsible for speech production, is located in which lobe?
A) Temporal
B) Frontal
C) Parietal
D) Occipital
✔ Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Broca’s area is in the left frontal lobe; damage causes expressive
aphasia.
10. Which of the following is a function of the cerebellum?
, A) Decision making
B) Visual processing
C) Motor coordination and balance
D) Emotional regulation
✔ Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The cerebellum coordinates voluntary movements, balance, and
fine-tuning motor learning.
11. The myelin sheath on an axon serves to:
A) Produce neurotransmitters
B) Increase the speed of neural impulse conduction
C) Receive signals from other neurons
D) Store genetic material
✔ Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Myelin insulates the axon, allowing saltatory conduction – faster
impulse propagation.
12. Which imaging technique provides the highest spatial resolution of brain
structure?
A) EEG
B) fMRI
C) MRI
D) PET
✔ Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Structural MRI gives detailed 3D images of brain anatomy; EEG has
poor spatial resolution.
13. The “all-or-none” principle refers to:
A) Graded potentials
B) Action potentials
Answers and Rationales
(Based on PYC1512 – Introduction to Psychology /
Biological Psychology)
1. What is the role of the hippocampus?
A) Motor control
B) Evaluating emotional information
C) Autonomic functions
D) Learning and memory
✔ Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The hippocampus is critical for the formation of new explicit
(declarative) memories and spatial navigation.
2. Who is attributed to the field of genetics?
A) Albert Einstein
B) Isaac Newton
C) Gregor Mendel
D) Charles Darwin
✔ Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Gregor Mendel, through his work on pea plants, established the
fundamental laws of inheritance.
3. What is the part of a chromosome composed of DNA called?
A) Protein
B) Gene
C) Enzyme
D) Amino acid
,✔ Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A gene is a segment of DNA on a chromosome that codes for a specific
protein or trait.
4. What is the genetic code?
A) The sequence of bases in DNA
B) The form of an organism
C) The instruction manual that tells the cell how to make specific proteins
D) The synthesis of RNA
✔ Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The genetic code is the set of rules by which information encoded in
DNA is translated into proteins.
5. What are the three main types of RNA?
A) Protein RNA, Transfer RNA, Messenger RNA
B) Messenger RNA, Ribosomal RNA, Transfer RNA
C) Thymine RNA, Messenger RNA, Ribosomal RNA
D) Deoxyribonucleic acid, RNA, Ribosomal RNA
✔ Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The three main types are mRNA (carries code), rRNA (ribosomal
structural), and tRNA (transfers amino acids).
6. What are genes on the sex chromosomes known as?
A) recessive genes
B) autosomal genes
C) dominant genes
D) sex-linked genes
✔ Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Sex-linked genes are located on the X or Y chromosome and show
different inheritance patterns.
,7. Which neurotransmitter is most directly involved in muscle contraction?
A) Dopamine
B) Serotonin
C) Acetylcholine
D) GABA
✔ Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Acetylcholine is released at the neuromuscular junction to stimulate
skeletal muscle contraction.
8. The “fight or flight” response is primarily mediated by which branch of the
nervous system?
A) Parasympathetic
B) Sympathetic
C) Somatic
D) Enteric
✔ Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The sympathetic nervous system prepares the body for stress –
increased heart rate, dilated pupils, and adrenaline release.
9. Broca’s area, responsible for speech production, is located in which lobe?
A) Temporal
B) Frontal
C) Parietal
D) Occipital
✔ Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Broca’s area is in the left frontal lobe; damage causes expressive
aphasia.
10. Which of the following is a function of the cerebellum?
, A) Decision making
B) Visual processing
C) Motor coordination and balance
D) Emotional regulation
✔ Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The cerebellum coordinates voluntary movements, balance, and
fine-tuning motor learning.
11. The myelin sheath on an axon serves to:
A) Produce neurotransmitters
B) Increase the speed of neural impulse conduction
C) Receive signals from other neurons
D) Store genetic material
✔ Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Myelin insulates the axon, allowing saltatory conduction – faster
impulse propagation.
12. Which imaging technique provides the highest spatial resolution of brain
structure?
A) EEG
B) fMRI
C) MRI
D) PET
✔ Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Structural MRI gives detailed 3D images of brain anatomy; EEG has
poor spatial resolution.
13. The “all-or-none” principle refers to:
A) Graded potentials
B) Action potentials
