NU 155 - EXAM 2
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📋 DOCUMENT OVERVIEW 108 Qs
This document, "NU 155 - Exam 2," covers topics such as endocrine system changes with age, hormone
regulation, pituitary gland functions, thyroid scan procedures, metabolism, diabetes management, and
respiratory health issues like chronic bronchitis and asthma. The document provides 108 questions with
correct answers and detailed explanations, allowing students to review and understand key concepts. By
utilizing this resource, students can effectively study and prepare for exams by reviewing correct answers
and rationales to reinforce their knowledge and build confidence.
✓ Verified Answers ✓ Exam Ready ✓ Study Guide
Trusted by thousands of students and professionals worldwide
EXAM QUESTIONS
QUESTION 1
Age related changes in endocrine
CORRECT ANSWER
-pituitary becomes smaller
-at 20 metabolism starts to decline
-hormones decrease with older age
-FSH, LH, ADH might increase w/ older age
-BGL rise
RATIONALE: As individuals age, their pituitary gland undergoes natural degeneration, which can lead to a decrease in
hormone production, thereby affecting various endocrine functions. This decline in hormone production is accompanied
by changes in the regulation of other hormones, such as FSH, LH, and ADH, which may increase in response to the
decreased production of other hormones, and can also lead to metabolic changes and impaired glucose regulation.
QUESTION 2
hormones that remain unchanged
CORRECT ANSWER
-Cortisol
-Insulin
-Thyroid hormones
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, RATIONALE: These hormones, specifically cortisol, insulin, and thyroid hormones, remain unchanged in the blood
because they are bound to proteins, such as cortisol-binding globulin and albumin, which prevents their free
concentration from fluctuating. This binding also allows them to be effectively transported and maintained within the
bloodstream at a stable level, unlike other hormones that are primarily free and require active transport or regulation.
QUESTION 3
pituitary gland
CORRECT ANSWER
Anterior: TSH, ACTH, GH, FSH, LH, prolactin
Posterior: ADH, oxytocin
RATIONALE: The pituitary gland is divided into two main parts based on its function and hormonal output: the anterior
lobe, which secretes various hormones that stimulate or regulate other endocrine glands, and the posterior lobe, which
stores and releases hormones that directly control bodily functions such as water balance and lactation. The listed
hormones are correctly associated with their respective lobes due to their distinct roles and mechanisms of action within
the endocrine system.
QUESTION 4
Thyroid Scan
CORRECT ANSWER
-tell pt to avoid iodine before test; takes 6 wks to remove from body
-used to determine size, shape, & activity of thyroid gland
-to detect hyperactive "hot" spots & Hypoactive "cold" spots
-collect 24 hr urine specimens
-pt must remain still; scan is 20 min
RATIONALE: A thyroid scan involves administering a small amount of radioactive iodine to the patient, which takes
approximately six weeks to be fully removed from the body, making it essential to advise patients to avoid iodine before
the test to prevent false results. The scan itself measures the size, shape, and activity of the thyroid gland by detecting
"hot" and "cold" spots, where "hot" spots indicate hyperactivity and "cold" spots indicate hypoactivity, requiring patients
to remain still for a 20-minute period and collect 24-hour urine specimens.
QUESTION 5
Function tests
CORRECT ANSWER
T3 T4, TSH tested & no prep necessary
RATIONALE: This answer is correct because T3, T4, and TSH are all thyroid function tests that measure the levels of
thyroid hormones and the stimulation hormone, which indicate how well the thyroid gland is functioning. The phrase "no
prep necessary" suggests that these tests do not require fasting or specific preparation, which is consistent with the
typical requirements for these types of tests.
QUESTION 6
High metabolism is _____, and low metabolism is _____.
CORRECT ANSWER
hot; cold & clammy
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, RATIONALE: A high metabolism is associated with an increased rate of heat production and energy expenditure, which
can manifest as a warm or "hot; cold & clammy" feeling in the body. Conversely, a low metabolism is often accompanied
by a decreased rate of heat production, leading to a feeling of being cool or cold to the touch.
QUESTION 7
Goiter: pathology
CORRECT ANSWER
-englarged thyroid gland
-one type is caused by iodine deficiency & another is an increase of TSH from lack of thyroid hormone
production
RATIONALE: A goiter, characterized by an enlarged thyroid gland, can result from a deficiency in iodine, an essential
nutrient necessary for thyroid hormone production, leading to compensatory mechanisms that cause the gland to grow
in an attempt to capture and utilize more iodine. Conversely, an elevated level of Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone (TSH)
from decreased thyroid hormone production also triggers an increase in thyroid gland size as the pituitary gland attempts
to stimulate the thyroid gland to produce more hormones.
QUESTION 8
Goiter: s/s
CORRECT ANSWER
-first sign is enlarged front of neck
-pressing against esophagus & causes difficulty swallowing
-can affect trachea & interfere w/ normal breathing
-increased, normal, or decreased hormone production
-physician can order a scan that uses radioactive iodine & determines cancer
RATIONALE: A goiter is characterized by an enlarged thyroid gland, which can press against the esophagus, causing
difficulty swallowing, and potentially affect breathing by compressing the trachea. The symptoms listed accurately
describe the effects of a goiter on the body, and the mention of radioactive iodine scan is relevant because it is a
common diagnostic test used to identify thyroid abnormalities, including cancer, which can cause goiters.
QUESTION 9
goiter: treatment
CORRECT ANSWER
-if iodine type of goiter is treated, the growth of gland may be stopped
-in some cases enlargement disappears
-lack of TSH; a supplemental thyroid med is given
RATIONALE: Iodine deficiency is a primary cause of goiter, and supplementing iodine can halt the growth of the gland
and potentially reverse the enlargement by stimulating thyroid hormone production. Providing supplemental thyroid
medication can also be effective in treating goiter, especially in cases where there is a lack of TSH (thyroid-stimulating
hormone), which is necessary for normal thyroid function.
QUESTION 10
goiter: diagnosis
CORRECT ANSWER
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, -pt HX.
-physical examination
-ultrasound imaging
RATIONALE: A goiter refers to an enlargement of the thyroid gland, and diagnosing it often requires a physical
examination to assess the gland's size and shape. Ultrasound imaging is then used to provide more detailed information
about the gland's structure and any potential abnormalities, such as nodules or cysts, which may not be visible during a
physical examination.
QUESTION 11
Thyroid gland
CORRECT ANSWER
-major role in regulating body's rate of metabolism, growth & development
-produces thyroid hormone, triiodothyronine & calcitonin
RATIONALE: The correct answer is accurate because the thyroid gland plays a central role in controlling metabolic
processes and influencing growth and development through the production of essential hormones. By producing thyroid
hormone, triiodothyronine, and calcitonin, the thyroid gland effectively regulates various bodily functions, making the
provided explanation a comprehensive description of its primary functions.
QUESTION 12
thyroid gland: health history
CORRECT ANSWER
-changes level of: energy, sleep patterns, personality, mental function & emotional state
-changes in menstrual cycles, sexual function, hydration, bowel elimination patterns & tolerance to
hot/cold
RATIONALE: The thyroid gland plays a crucial role in regulating various bodily functions, influencing energy levels, sleep
patterns, and overall metabolism, which in turn affects mood, personality, and mental function. Hypothyroidism or
hyperthyroidism, conditions related to thyroid dysfunction, can lead to changes in menstrual cycles, libido, and bowel
elimination patterns, making the given list a comprehensive summary of potential health issues related to the thyroid
gland's functioning.
QUESTION 13
thyroid gland: physical exams
CORRECT ANSWER
-VS
-height & weight
-facial expression & characteristics as well as alertness
-inspect/palpate skin for moisture, temp, texture, hair texture
-examine eyes for expothamlamos
-observe hands for tremor
RATIONALE: The physical exam of the thyroid gland focuses on assessing symptoms that can indicate thyroid
dysfunction, such as weight changes and facial characteristics, which can be influenced by hormonal imbalances. By
inspecting and examining specific body parts, healthcare professionals can identify signs of thyroid issues, such as
tremors in the hands and exophthalmos in the eyes, allowing for an early diagnosis and proper treatment.
Trusted by thousands of students and professionals worldwide
Page 4 of 31
100+ (Latest 2026 Edition) 100% Verified Q&A + Answer Key Solutions
100% Guarantee Pass
📋 DOCUMENT OVERVIEW 108 Qs
This document, "NU 155 - Exam 2," covers topics such as endocrine system changes with age, hormone
regulation, pituitary gland functions, thyroid scan procedures, metabolism, diabetes management, and
respiratory health issues like chronic bronchitis and asthma. The document provides 108 questions with
correct answers and detailed explanations, allowing students to review and understand key concepts. By
utilizing this resource, students can effectively study and prepare for exams by reviewing correct answers
and rationales to reinforce their knowledge and build confidence.
✓ Verified Answers ✓ Exam Ready ✓ Study Guide
Trusted by thousands of students and professionals worldwide
EXAM QUESTIONS
QUESTION 1
Age related changes in endocrine
CORRECT ANSWER
-pituitary becomes smaller
-at 20 metabolism starts to decline
-hormones decrease with older age
-FSH, LH, ADH might increase w/ older age
-BGL rise
RATIONALE: As individuals age, their pituitary gland undergoes natural degeneration, which can lead to a decrease in
hormone production, thereby affecting various endocrine functions. This decline in hormone production is accompanied
by changes in the regulation of other hormones, such as FSH, LH, and ADH, which may increase in response to the
decreased production of other hormones, and can also lead to metabolic changes and impaired glucose regulation.
QUESTION 2
hormones that remain unchanged
CORRECT ANSWER
-Cortisol
-Insulin
-Thyroid hormones
Trusted by thousands of students and professionals worldwide Page 1 of 31
, RATIONALE: These hormones, specifically cortisol, insulin, and thyroid hormones, remain unchanged in the blood
because they are bound to proteins, such as cortisol-binding globulin and albumin, which prevents their free
concentration from fluctuating. This binding also allows them to be effectively transported and maintained within the
bloodstream at a stable level, unlike other hormones that are primarily free and require active transport or regulation.
QUESTION 3
pituitary gland
CORRECT ANSWER
Anterior: TSH, ACTH, GH, FSH, LH, prolactin
Posterior: ADH, oxytocin
RATIONALE: The pituitary gland is divided into two main parts based on its function and hormonal output: the anterior
lobe, which secretes various hormones that stimulate or regulate other endocrine glands, and the posterior lobe, which
stores and releases hormones that directly control bodily functions such as water balance and lactation. The listed
hormones are correctly associated with their respective lobes due to their distinct roles and mechanisms of action within
the endocrine system.
QUESTION 4
Thyroid Scan
CORRECT ANSWER
-tell pt to avoid iodine before test; takes 6 wks to remove from body
-used to determine size, shape, & activity of thyroid gland
-to detect hyperactive "hot" spots & Hypoactive "cold" spots
-collect 24 hr urine specimens
-pt must remain still; scan is 20 min
RATIONALE: A thyroid scan involves administering a small amount of radioactive iodine to the patient, which takes
approximately six weeks to be fully removed from the body, making it essential to advise patients to avoid iodine before
the test to prevent false results. The scan itself measures the size, shape, and activity of the thyroid gland by detecting
"hot" and "cold" spots, where "hot" spots indicate hyperactivity and "cold" spots indicate hypoactivity, requiring patients
to remain still for a 20-minute period and collect 24-hour urine specimens.
QUESTION 5
Function tests
CORRECT ANSWER
T3 T4, TSH tested & no prep necessary
RATIONALE: This answer is correct because T3, T4, and TSH are all thyroid function tests that measure the levels of
thyroid hormones and the stimulation hormone, which indicate how well the thyroid gland is functioning. The phrase "no
prep necessary" suggests that these tests do not require fasting or specific preparation, which is consistent with the
typical requirements for these types of tests.
QUESTION 6
High metabolism is _____, and low metabolism is _____.
CORRECT ANSWER
hot; cold & clammy
Trusted by thousands of students and professionals worldwide Page 2 of 31
, RATIONALE: A high metabolism is associated with an increased rate of heat production and energy expenditure, which
can manifest as a warm or "hot; cold & clammy" feeling in the body. Conversely, a low metabolism is often accompanied
by a decreased rate of heat production, leading to a feeling of being cool or cold to the touch.
QUESTION 7
Goiter: pathology
CORRECT ANSWER
-englarged thyroid gland
-one type is caused by iodine deficiency & another is an increase of TSH from lack of thyroid hormone
production
RATIONALE: A goiter, characterized by an enlarged thyroid gland, can result from a deficiency in iodine, an essential
nutrient necessary for thyroid hormone production, leading to compensatory mechanisms that cause the gland to grow
in an attempt to capture and utilize more iodine. Conversely, an elevated level of Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone (TSH)
from decreased thyroid hormone production also triggers an increase in thyroid gland size as the pituitary gland attempts
to stimulate the thyroid gland to produce more hormones.
QUESTION 8
Goiter: s/s
CORRECT ANSWER
-first sign is enlarged front of neck
-pressing against esophagus & causes difficulty swallowing
-can affect trachea & interfere w/ normal breathing
-increased, normal, or decreased hormone production
-physician can order a scan that uses radioactive iodine & determines cancer
RATIONALE: A goiter is characterized by an enlarged thyroid gland, which can press against the esophagus, causing
difficulty swallowing, and potentially affect breathing by compressing the trachea. The symptoms listed accurately
describe the effects of a goiter on the body, and the mention of radioactive iodine scan is relevant because it is a
common diagnostic test used to identify thyroid abnormalities, including cancer, which can cause goiters.
QUESTION 9
goiter: treatment
CORRECT ANSWER
-if iodine type of goiter is treated, the growth of gland may be stopped
-in some cases enlargement disappears
-lack of TSH; a supplemental thyroid med is given
RATIONALE: Iodine deficiency is a primary cause of goiter, and supplementing iodine can halt the growth of the gland
and potentially reverse the enlargement by stimulating thyroid hormone production. Providing supplemental thyroid
medication can also be effective in treating goiter, especially in cases where there is a lack of TSH (thyroid-stimulating
hormone), which is necessary for normal thyroid function.
QUESTION 10
goiter: diagnosis
CORRECT ANSWER
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, -pt HX.
-physical examination
-ultrasound imaging
RATIONALE: A goiter refers to an enlargement of the thyroid gland, and diagnosing it often requires a physical
examination to assess the gland's size and shape. Ultrasound imaging is then used to provide more detailed information
about the gland's structure and any potential abnormalities, such as nodules or cysts, which may not be visible during a
physical examination.
QUESTION 11
Thyroid gland
CORRECT ANSWER
-major role in regulating body's rate of metabolism, growth & development
-produces thyroid hormone, triiodothyronine & calcitonin
RATIONALE: The correct answer is accurate because the thyroid gland plays a central role in controlling metabolic
processes and influencing growth and development through the production of essential hormones. By producing thyroid
hormone, triiodothyronine, and calcitonin, the thyroid gland effectively regulates various bodily functions, making the
provided explanation a comprehensive description of its primary functions.
QUESTION 12
thyroid gland: health history
CORRECT ANSWER
-changes level of: energy, sleep patterns, personality, mental function & emotional state
-changes in menstrual cycles, sexual function, hydration, bowel elimination patterns & tolerance to
hot/cold
RATIONALE: The thyroid gland plays a crucial role in regulating various bodily functions, influencing energy levels, sleep
patterns, and overall metabolism, which in turn affects mood, personality, and mental function. Hypothyroidism or
hyperthyroidism, conditions related to thyroid dysfunction, can lead to changes in menstrual cycles, libido, and bowel
elimination patterns, making the given list a comprehensive summary of potential health issues related to the thyroid
gland's functioning.
QUESTION 13
thyroid gland: physical exams
CORRECT ANSWER
-VS
-height & weight
-facial expression & characteristics as well as alertness
-inspect/palpate skin for moisture, temp, texture, hair texture
-examine eyes for expothamlamos
-observe hands for tremor
RATIONALE: The physical exam of the thyroid gland focuses on assessing symptoms that can indicate thyroid
dysfunction, such as weight changes and facial characteristics, which can be influenced by hormonal imbalances. By
inspecting and examining specific body parts, healthcare professionals can identify signs of thyroid issues, such as
tremors in the hands and exophthalmos in the eyes, allowing for an early diagnosis and proper treatment.
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Page 4 of 31
