ISSA NUTRITIONIST 2026 REVISION NOTES
AND STRUCTURED FITNESS NUTRITION
OVERVIEW GUIDE
◉ Major class of tissue in the human body: Answer: epithelial,
connective, muscle
◉ Example of an organelle: Answer: Mitochondrion
◉ T/F: All of the chemical reactions that take place in the body
require phytochemicals Answer: False
◉ The DNA code in cells is unique to us and contains the
instructions for making: Answer: Protiens
◉ Due to ____________, we all tolerate different amounts of caffeine.
Answer: genetic polymorphisms
◉ Since phospholipids help to form the plasma membrane, the types
of ________ we consume in our diet will influence the membrane's
fluidity, or flexibility. Answer: Fats
,◉ What highly organized cellular organelles are responsible for
converting things like protein, carbohydrate, and fat into energy?
Answer: Mitochondria
◉ Once our DNA sends out a signal to make proteins, it's the job of
the ________ to receive this genetic message from the DNA and to
make and transport the required proteins for use inside and outside
the cell. Answer: endoplasmic reticulum and golgi apparatus
◉ Which of the following would be an example of a protein receptor
initiating a signal transduction cascade: Answer: cellular response to
insulin
◉ Lipase is an example of a __________ that degrades __________.
Answer: enzyme, lipids
◉ Enzymatic function is influenced by: Answer: temperature, PH,
vitamin and mineral status
◉ When speaking to clients about nutrition, talk about _______, not
_________. Answer: Food, Nutrients
◉ After processing, food components travel through the
bloodstream and are subject to one of three eventual fates: Answer:
storage, energy production, excretion
, ◉ T/F: Energy from food is used to join adenosine diphosphate and
phosphate into adenosine triphosphate Answer: True
◉ Why does digested food travel slowly through the intestines?
Answer: It allows nutrients to come in contact with the intestinal
wall so they can be transported into circulation
◉ Nutrients pass through the _______ before they ever enter
circulation: Answer: Liver
◉ T/F: Small amounts of absorption take place in the mouth
Answer: True
◉ Most absorption occurs in the Answer: small intestine
◉ Bile secretion aids in the emulsification of_________, and is
produced in the _________: Answer: fat, liver
◉ The pancreas releases hormones necessary for controlling blood
___________: Answer: glucose
◉ Gastrin: Answer: released when food enters the stomach
AND STRUCTURED FITNESS NUTRITION
OVERVIEW GUIDE
◉ Major class of tissue in the human body: Answer: epithelial,
connective, muscle
◉ Example of an organelle: Answer: Mitochondrion
◉ T/F: All of the chemical reactions that take place in the body
require phytochemicals Answer: False
◉ The DNA code in cells is unique to us and contains the
instructions for making: Answer: Protiens
◉ Due to ____________, we all tolerate different amounts of caffeine.
Answer: genetic polymorphisms
◉ Since phospholipids help to form the plasma membrane, the types
of ________ we consume in our diet will influence the membrane's
fluidity, or flexibility. Answer: Fats
,◉ What highly organized cellular organelles are responsible for
converting things like protein, carbohydrate, and fat into energy?
Answer: Mitochondria
◉ Once our DNA sends out a signal to make proteins, it's the job of
the ________ to receive this genetic message from the DNA and to
make and transport the required proteins for use inside and outside
the cell. Answer: endoplasmic reticulum and golgi apparatus
◉ Which of the following would be an example of a protein receptor
initiating a signal transduction cascade: Answer: cellular response to
insulin
◉ Lipase is an example of a __________ that degrades __________.
Answer: enzyme, lipids
◉ Enzymatic function is influenced by: Answer: temperature, PH,
vitamin and mineral status
◉ When speaking to clients about nutrition, talk about _______, not
_________. Answer: Food, Nutrients
◉ After processing, food components travel through the
bloodstream and are subject to one of three eventual fates: Answer:
storage, energy production, excretion
, ◉ T/F: Energy from food is used to join adenosine diphosphate and
phosphate into adenosine triphosphate Answer: True
◉ Why does digested food travel slowly through the intestines?
Answer: It allows nutrients to come in contact with the intestinal
wall so they can be transported into circulation
◉ Nutrients pass through the _______ before they ever enter
circulation: Answer: Liver
◉ T/F: Small amounts of absorption take place in the mouth
Answer: True
◉ Most absorption occurs in the Answer: small intestine
◉ Bile secretion aids in the emulsification of_________, and is
produced in the _________: Answer: fat, liver
◉ The pancreas releases hormones necessary for controlling blood
___________: Answer: glucose
◉ Gastrin: Answer: released when food enters the stomach
