NSG 6420 MIDTERM EXAM STUDY
GUIDE 2026-2027 QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT ANSWERS| SOUTH
UNIVERSITY
Diseases of primarily bronchospasm with superimposed
inflammation Correct Answer COPD
Inflammation of cells lining bronchial walls, hyperplasia of
mucous glands and narrowing of small airways Correct
Answer Chronic bronchitis
enlargement and destruction of inter alveolar septa within
the terminal bronchiole with wall destruction in absence of
fibrosis Correct Answer emphysema
Most common complaint of COPD Correct Answer
dyspnea on exertion
COPD dx test? Correct Answer spirometry confirms
diagnosis
COPD stage I tx Correct Answer SABA prn
COPD stage II tx Correct Answer SABA plus 1 or more
long acting bronchodilators
,COPD stage III tx Correct Answer SABA plus 2 or more
LABAs; inhaled glucocorticoids
COPD stage IV tx Correct Answer SABA plus one or more
LABAs; inhaled glucocorticoids; tx of complications
sx of COPD exacerbations? Correct Answer cough
increases in frequency and/or severity; increased
production of sputum/changes in color or viscosity; SOB
increases; VS changes
Theophylline Correct Answer Bronchodilitation
*Therapeutic window- seizures, cardiac if too high
*watch drug interactions with antibiotics and statins
Anticholinergics precautions Correct Answer narrow-angle
glaucoma
Beta adrenergic agonists precautions Correct Answer
caution with cardiac dx, hyperthyroidism, DM, seizures
Otitis externa s/sx Correct Answer usually unilateral
**Tragus tenderness is hallmark**
pruritis, pain, hearing loss, ear d/c
*pt usually well
What is chronic otitis externa? Correct Answer Usually
PSEUDOMONAS
External otitis Correct Answer topical antimicrobial x7days
*non-aminoglycoside + corticosteroid
, *aminoglycoside + corticosteroid (not in perf. TM)
*topical preps containing only antibiotic
*antifungal (usually yeast) or something containing all
three
Malignant otitis externa Correct Answer facial nerve palsy
in 50% of patients
*severe infection d/t pseudomonas and anaerobes
causing OM of skull base
*Otalgis, otorrhea, hoarseness, swelling, trismus
AOM s/sx Correct Answer unwell, pyrexia,
otalgia/discharge, loss of outline of drum and landmarks
*Red, bulging edematous TM
AOM causes Correct Answer MOSTLY VIRAL (15-44%)
Strep pneumo (20-35%)
H.flu (20-30%)
M.cat (15%)
Bullous AOM Correct Answer cover mycoplasma pneumo
and strep pneumo
TX for AOM Correct Answer amox 1st line tx
augmentin if severe or previous AOM in last month
clarithromycin for PCN allergy
BPPV Correct Answer benign paroxysmal positional
vertigo
GUIDE 2026-2027 QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT ANSWERS| SOUTH
UNIVERSITY
Diseases of primarily bronchospasm with superimposed
inflammation Correct Answer COPD
Inflammation of cells lining bronchial walls, hyperplasia of
mucous glands and narrowing of small airways Correct
Answer Chronic bronchitis
enlargement and destruction of inter alveolar septa within
the terminal bronchiole with wall destruction in absence of
fibrosis Correct Answer emphysema
Most common complaint of COPD Correct Answer
dyspnea on exertion
COPD dx test? Correct Answer spirometry confirms
diagnosis
COPD stage I tx Correct Answer SABA prn
COPD stage II tx Correct Answer SABA plus 1 or more
long acting bronchodilators
,COPD stage III tx Correct Answer SABA plus 2 or more
LABAs; inhaled glucocorticoids
COPD stage IV tx Correct Answer SABA plus one or more
LABAs; inhaled glucocorticoids; tx of complications
sx of COPD exacerbations? Correct Answer cough
increases in frequency and/or severity; increased
production of sputum/changes in color or viscosity; SOB
increases; VS changes
Theophylline Correct Answer Bronchodilitation
*Therapeutic window- seizures, cardiac if too high
*watch drug interactions with antibiotics and statins
Anticholinergics precautions Correct Answer narrow-angle
glaucoma
Beta adrenergic agonists precautions Correct Answer
caution with cardiac dx, hyperthyroidism, DM, seizures
Otitis externa s/sx Correct Answer usually unilateral
**Tragus tenderness is hallmark**
pruritis, pain, hearing loss, ear d/c
*pt usually well
What is chronic otitis externa? Correct Answer Usually
PSEUDOMONAS
External otitis Correct Answer topical antimicrobial x7days
*non-aminoglycoside + corticosteroid
, *aminoglycoside + corticosteroid (not in perf. TM)
*topical preps containing only antibiotic
*antifungal (usually yeast) or something containing all
three
Malignant otitis externa Correct Answer facial nerve palsy
in 50% of patients
*severe infection d/t pseudomonas and anaerobes
causing OM of skull base
*Otalgis, otorrhea, hoarseness, swelling, trismus
AOM s/sx Correct Answer unwell, pyrexia,
otalgia/discharge, loss of outline of drum and landmarks
*Red, bulging edematous TM
AOM causes Correct Answer MOSTLY VIRAL (15-44%)
Strep pneumo (20-35%)
H.flu (20-30%)
M.cat (15%)
Bullous AOM Correct Answer cover mycoplasma pneumo
and strep pneumo
TX for AOM Correct Answer amox 1st line tx
augmentin if severe or previous AOM in last month
clarithromycin for PCN allergy
BPPV Correct Answer benign paroxysmal positional
vertigo
