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person-centered care - ANSWERS-refers to the primacy of the patient's needs and
perspectives in all encounters
· Treating people with dignity, compassion, and respect
· Coordination of care
· Personalization of care
· Support of people to develop their strengths and abilities
Private nonprofit - ANSWERS-not making money, the money goes back into the
hospital to sustain it or grow it
for-profit - ANSWERS-the board makes the decision how the money is spent, and the
goal is to make money
accountable care organizations (ACOs) - ANSWERS-the group of physicians, hospitals,
and other health care providers come together voluntarily to provide coordinated high-
quality care to their Medicare patients.
,Teaching institution: - ANSWERS-directly affiliated with a School of Medicine and at
least one other school
Accreditation status - ANSWERS-o American nurses credentialing center (ANCC):
magnet (has a healthy work environment)
o The joint commission (TJC): ambulatory care, behavioral care, acute care, lab
services, long-term care, hospital-based surgery
Horizontal integration - ANSWERS-organizations with similar service come together
Vertical integration - ANSWERS-organizations align to provide a full array or continuum
of services
acquisitions - ANSWERS-Acquisitions involve one organization directly buying another
("take over", you're part of my hospital now)
mergers - ANSWERS-· Mergers involve combining two or more organizations and their
assets to form a new entitiy
o Economic factors
o Social factors: appealing to the consumer, nursing shortages
o Demographic factors: geographic and age
systems theory - ANSWERS-· each component influences the entire system
o Closed (self-contained) or open (internal and external forces)
o Systems respond to changing environments
, Chaos theory - ANSWERS-· : universe is filled with unpredictable and random events
o Organizations must be self-organizing and adept quickly to change to survive
o No attempt to create a permanent organizational structure
o Must be able to adapt quickly!!!
Developing a staffing budget: personal is the most expensive thing in the hospital -
ANSWERS-· Forecast workload to calculate number of FTE (full-time equivalents) ^^^
· Productive time: paid hours worked in the unit
o Direct care hours - have direct care responsibilities for >50% of the shift
o Indirect care hours - orientation, in-services/education, meetings, projects, etc.
· Benefit time: vacation and sick time
Nurse-Patient Ratio Staff: - ANSWERS-· Requires set number of patients cared for by
one nurse
· Assumes that all patients have similar requirements
· Mandated nurse-patient ratios: California
o 6 patients in psych unit
o 5 patients in medical-surgical unit
o 4 pediatric patients
o 3 patients in labor and delivery unit
o Two patients in intensive care units
Tools for Staffing: - ANSWERS-· Patient classification system
o Acuity
§ Severity of patients' conditions multifactorial