age 1 of 94
WGU C458 Health, Wellness, and Fitness Objective
Assessment Exam
Bulimia .......Answer.........characterized by recurring periods of
binge eating, during which large amounts of food are consumed
in a short period of time followed by purging (through self-
induced vomiting, abuse of laxatives and/or diuretics) or
periods of fasting
Binge eating disorder (BED) .......Answer.........episodes of binge
eating characterized by eating rapidly, eating large amounts of
food even when not feeling hungry, and feeling guilty or
depressed after overeating.
Obesity .......Answer.........15 to 20 percent above normal weight.
Poor dietary patterns; include increased intake of sugars in
sweetened soft drinks, foods, and meals of high energy, low
,age 2 of 94
nutrient density, and large portion sizes. At risk for serious health
problems such as type 2 diabetes, hypertension, heart disease,
stroke, and some types of cancer.
Minerals .......Answer.........inorganic material. Form body parts
(teeth and bones), maintain acid-base neutrality, regulate nerve
impulses, osmotic pressure, and electrolyte balance
Oxidation reactions .......Answer.........the energy-yielding
reactions in which either an oxygen atom adds an electron to or
a hydrogen atom removes an electron from a substrate (a group
of atoms or molecule)—the net result is a substrate that has had
a partial or complete loss of a negatively charge particle, an
electron. Two partially charged atoms or groups of atoms, one
positively charged and the other negatively charged, now exist
,age 3 of 94
Free radical (Oxidant) .......Answer.........any atom or group of
atoms that has an unpaired electron. Because electrons typically
function in pairs, these are very prone to binding to other
substrates in an effort to regain this paired status. When this
happens in the human body, there is potential for a great deal
of damage.
Carbohydrates .......Answer.........produce 4 calories of energy
per gram. Found in foods as monosaccharides, disaccharides,
and polysaccharides. Sources include fruits, vegetables, pasta,
and rice which consist of simple sugars and starches
Protein .......Answer.........produce 4 calories of energy per gram.
Sources include meats and milk. Composed of 8
essential(provided by the diet) and 12 nonessential(synthesized
by the body) amino acids. Perform many functions including
, age 4 of 94
building cells and tissues, forming blood and enzymes, and
fighting infection.
Nutrition .......Answer.........provides the body with the nutrients it
needs to perform its daily tasks
Undernutrition .......Answer.........implies that the individual is not
getting enough nutrients. This can occur even if the person is
consuming more than enough calories
Malnutrition .......Answer.........an imbalance of proper nutrients
Anorexia nervosa .......Answer.........literally means loss of
appetite, but this is a misnomer: A person with this is hungry, but
denies the hunger because of an irrational fear of becoming fat.
Self-starvation, food preoccupation and rituals, compulsive
exercising, and often an absence of menstrual cycles in women.
WGU C458 Health, Wellness, and Fitness Objective
Assessment Exam
Bulimia .......Answer.........characterized by recurring periods of
binge eating, during which large amounts of food are consumed
in a short period of time followed by purging (through self-
induced vomiting, abuse of laxatives and/or diuretics) or
periods of fasting
Binge eating disorder (BED) .......Answer.........episodes of binge
eating characterized by eating rapidly, eating large amounts of
food even when not feeling hungry, and feeling guilty or
depressed after overeating.
Obesity .......Answer.........15 to 20 percent above normal weight.
Poor dietary patterns; include increased intake of sugars in
sweetened soft drinks, foods, and meals of high energy, low
,age 2 of 94
nutrient density, and large portion sizes. At risk for serious health
problems such as type 2 diabetes, hypertension, heart disease,
stroke, and some types of cancer.
Minerals .......Answer.........inorganic material. Form body parts
(teeth and bones), maintain acid-base neutrality, regulate nerve
impulses, osmotic pressure, and electrolyte balance
Oxidation reactions .......Answer.........the energy-yielding
reactions in which either an oxygen atom adds an electron to or
a hydrogen atom removes an electron from a substrate (a group
of atoms or molecule)—the net result is a substrate that has had
a partial or complete loss of a negatively charge particle, an
electron. Two partially charged atoms or groups of atoms, one
positively charged and the other negatively charged, now exist
,age 3 of 94
Free radical (Oxidant) .......Answer.........any atom or group of
atoms that has an unpaired electron. Because electrons typically
function in pairs, these are very prone to binding to other
substrates in an effort to regain this paired status. When this
happens in the human body, there is potential for a great deal
of damage.
Carbohydrates .......Answer.........produce 4 calories of energy
per gram. Found in foods as monosaccharides, disaccharides,
and polysaccharides. Sources include fruits, vegetables, pasta,
and rice which consist of simple sugars and starches
Protein .......Answer.........produce 4 calories of energy per gram.
Sources include meats and milk. Composed of 8
essential(provided by the diet) and 12 nonessential(synthesized
by the body) amino acids. Perform many functions including
, age 4 of 94
building cells and tissues, forming blood and enzymes, and
fighting infection.
Nutrition .......Answer.........provides the body with the nutrients it
needs to perform its daily tasks
Undernutrition .......Answer.........implies that the individual is not
getting enough nutrients. This can occur even if the person is
consuming more than enough calories
Malnutrition .......Answer.........an imbalance of proper nutrients
Anorexia nervosa .......Answer.........literally means loss of
appetite, but this is a misnomer: A person with this is hungry, but
denies the hunger because of an irrational fear of becoming fat.
Self-starvation, food preoccupation and rituals, compulsive
exercising, and often an absence of menstrual cycles in women.
