SCIENTISTS, DATES & CONTRIBUTIONS
(ZOOLOGY)
Scientist Year Contribution
Friedrich Miescher 1869 Discovered DNA (nucleic acid) in nucleus
Frederick Griffith 1928 Discovered transforming principle
Avery, MacLeod, McCarty 1933–1944 Proved biochemical nature of transforming principle
Erwin Chargaff 1950 Chargaff's rule (A=T, C=G)
Hershey & Chase 1952 Proved DNA as genetic material
Watson & Crick (Franklin, Wilkins) 1953 Double helix structure of DNA
Meselson & Stahl 1958 Semi-conservative DNA replication
George Gamow - Suggested triplet genetic code concept
Har Gobind Khorana - Synthesized RNA with defined sequences
Marshall Nirenberg - Cracked genetic code using cell-free system
Severo Ochoa - RNA synthesis using polynucleotide phosphorylase
Human Genome Project 1990–2003 Mapping human genome
Eli Lilly 1983 Produced insulin using recombinant DNA
Gene Therapy 1990 First gene therapy (ADA deficiency)
Coelacanth Fish 1938 Living fossil discovery (Evolution)
AIDS 1981 First reported
Rosie Cow 1997 Transgenic animal producing human protein
Biopiracy 2022 Modern issue in biotechnology
(ZOOLOGY)
Scientist Year Contribution
Friedrich Miescher 1869 Discovered DNA (nucleic acid) in nucleus
Frederick Griffith 1928 Discovered transforming principle
Avery, MacLeod, McCarty 1933–1944 Proved biochemical nature of transforming principle
Erwin Chargaff 1950 Chargaff's rule (A=T, C=G)
Hershey & Chase 1952 Proved DNA as genetic material
Watson & Crick (Franklin, Wilkins) 1953 Double helix structure of DNA
Meselson & Stahl 1958 Semi-conservative DNA replication
George Gamow - Suggested triplet genetic code concept
Har Gobind Khorana - Synthesized RNA with defined sequences
Marshall Nirenberg - Cracked genetic code using cell-free system
Severo Ochoa - RNA synthesis using polynucleotide phosphorylase
Human Genome Project 1990–2003 Mapping human genome
Eli Lilly 1983 Produced insulin using recombinant DNA
Gene Therapy 1990 First gene therapy (ADA deficiency)
Coelacanth Fish 1938 Living fossil discovery (Evolution)
AIDS 1981 First reported
Rosie Cow 1997 Transgenic animal producing human protein
Biopiracy 2022 Modern issue in biotechnology
