NU670 CERTIFICATION SCRIPT 2026
QUESTIONS WITH SOLUTIONS
GRADED A+
◍ Brain = command center.
Answer: Cerebrum, cerebellum, and brain stem
◍ White matter.
Answer: myelinated axonscommunicates between the brain and spinal cord
◍ gray matter.
Answer: nerve cell bodiesdendrites cell bodiessynapsesresponsible for
information processing, integration, and decision-making
◍ What are common co-occurring disorders with neurodevelopmental
disorders?.
Answer: Language and learning disorders
◍ Which neurotransmitters are key in controlling prefrontal brain functions?.
Answer: Norepinephrine (NE) and dopamine (DA)
◍ peripheral nervous system (PNS).
Answer: Connects the CNS to receptors, muscles and glandsincludes the
cranial nerves
◍ central nervous system (CNS).
Answer: brain and spinal cord
◍ What cognitive control functions are modulated by norepinephrine and
dopamine?.
Answer: Memory, planning, impulse inhibition, attention, executive
function, problem-solving, and communication
◍ What are some common comorbid conditions associated with
, neurodevelopmental disorders?.
Answer: Anxiety disorder, ASD, bipolar disorder, conduct disorder,
depression, developmental coordination disorder, learning disability,
oppositional defiant disorder, personality disorders, sleep disorders,
substance use disorders
◍ Somatic nervous system.
Answer: part of PNS that conveys information from the CNS to skeletal
(voluntary) muscles
◍ Autonomic Nervous System (ANS).
Answer: part of PNS made up of the sympathetic nervous system and the
parasympathetic nervous system
◍ Gender, a common risk factor for ADHD is what?.
Answer: Male: Female is 4:1
◍ Genetics, a common risk factor for ADHD is what?.
Answer: Chromosomal disorders, family history, high degree of heritability
◍ Twin studies, a common risk factor for ADHD is what?.
Answer: 70%-80% heritability in children and adults
◍ Heritability associated with genome variants.
Answer: 40% of heritability associated with 4 genome variants
◍ Functions of the ANS (Autonomic Nervous System).
Answer: regulates body functions (HR, RR, digestion, gland
activity)conveys information to smooth and cardiac muscle, and glands
◍ Divisions of the brain.
Answer: forebrain (cerebral cortex), midbrain, hindbrain (Brain stem)
◍ Environmental factors, a common risk factor for ADHD is what?.
Answer: Maternal smoking, substance exposure, and alcohol use during
pregnancy; low income or poverty
◍ Forebrain composition.
Answer: Lobes of Cerebral Cortexthalamushypothalamusbasal
, gangliaLimbic system (hippocampus and amygdala) (mediotemporal lobe)
◍ midbrain composition.
Answer: substantia nigra, tectum (visual auditory reflexes), tegmentum
(motor/arousal pathways), cerebral peduncles/motor tracts
◍ functions of the midbrain.
Answer: motor control/coordinationdopaminergic signalingvisual auditory
reflexesarousal and wakefulness
◍ Toxins, a common risk factor for ADHD is what?.
Answer: Organophosphate pesticides, polychloride biphenyl, zinc, lead
◍ Others, a common risk factor for ADHD is what?.
Answer: Trauma, premature birth, low birth weight
◍ Dietary factors, a common risk factor for ADHD is what?.
Answer: Food additives (artificial colors, flavors, and preservatives), refined
sugar, yeast, food sensitivity, vitamin deficiencies (i.e., iron, zinc,
magnesium, vitamin D)
◍ Hindbrain Composition.
Answer: pons, medulla oblongata, cerebellum
◍ DHD Rating Scale-IV.
Answer: A standardized tool used to assess attention-deficit/hyperactivity
disorder (ADHD) symptoms in children and adolescents.
◍ functions of the Pons.
Answer: breathingsleep and arousalrelaying sensory information between
the cerebrum and cerebellum
◍ functions of medulla oblongata.
Answer: helps regulate autonomic, involuntary functions (HR, RR, BP)
◍ function of the cerebellum.
Answer: fine motor coordinationbalancegaitmotor learning
◍ functions of the forebrain (thinking and feeling).
QUESTIONS WITH SOLUTIONS
GRADED A+
◍ Brain = command center.
Answer: Cerebrum, cerebellum, and brain stem
◍ White matter.
Answer: myelinated axonscommunicates between the brain and spinal cord
◍ gray matter.
Answer: nerve cell bodiesdendrites cell bodiessynapsesresponsible for
information processing, integration, and decision-making
◍ What are common co-occurring disorders with neurodevelopmental
disorders?.
Answer: Language and learning disorders
◍ Which neurotransmitters are key in controlling prefrontal brain functions?.
Answer: Norepinephrine (NE) and dopamine (DA)
◍ peripheral nervous system (PNS).
Answer: Connects the CNS to receptors, muscles and glandsincludes the
cranial nerves
◍ central nervous system (CNS).
Answer: brain and spinal cord
◍ What cognitive control functions are modulated by norepinephrine and
dopamine?.
Answer: Memory, planning, impulse inhibition, attention, executive
function, problem-solving, and communication
◍ What are some common comorbid conditions associated with
, neurodevelopmental disorders?.
Answer: Anxiety disorder, ASD, bipolar disorder, conduct disorder,
depression, developmental coordination disorder, learning disability,
oppositional defiant disorder, personality disorders, sleep disorders,
substance use disorders
◍ Somatic nervous system.
Answer: part of PNS that conveys information from the CNS to skeletal
(voluntary) muscles
◍ Autonomic Nervous System (ANS).
Answer: part of PNS made up of the sympathetic nervous system and the
parasympathetic nervous system
◍ Gender, a common risk factor for ADHD is what?.
Answer: Male: Female is 4:1
◍ Genetics, a common risk factor for ADHD is what?.
Answer: Chromosomal disorders, family history, high degree of heritability
◍ Twin studies, a common risk factor for ADHD is what?.
Answer: 70%-80% heritability in children and adults
◍ Heritability associated with genome variants.
Answer: 40% of heritability associated with 4 genome variants
◍ Functions of the ANS (Autonomic Nervous System).
Answer: regulates body functions (HR, RR, digestion, gland
activity)conveys information to smooth and cardiac muscle, and glands
◍ Divisions of the brain.
Answer: forebrain (cerebral cortex), midbrain, hindbrain (Brain stem)
◍ Environmental factors, a common risk factor for ADHD is what?.
Answer: Maternal smoking, substance exposure, and alcohol use during
pregnancy; low income or poverty
◍ Forebrain composition.
Answer: Lobes of Cerebral Cortexthalamushypothalamusbasal
, gangliaLimbic system (hippocampus and amygdala) (mediotemporal lobe)
◍ midbrain composition.
Answer: substantia nigra, tectum (visual auditory reflexes), tegmentum
(motor/arousal pathways), cerebral peduncles/motor tracts
◍ functions of the midbrain.
Answer: motor control/coordinationdopaminergic signalingvisual auditory
reflexesarousal and wakefulness
◍ Toxins, a common risk factor for ADHD is what?.
Answer: Organophosphate pesticides, polychloride biphenyl, zinc, lead
◍ Others, a common risk factor for ADHD is what?.
Answer: Trauma, premature birth, low birth weight
◍ Dietary factors, a common risk factor for ADHD is what?.
Answer: Food additives (artificial colors, flavors, and preservatives), refined
sugar, yeast, food sensitivity, vitamin deficiencies (i.e., iron, zinc,
magnesium, vitamin D)
◍ Hindbrain Composition.
Answer: pons, medulla oblongata, cerebellum
◍ DHD Rating Scale-IV.
Answer: A standardized tool used to assess attention-deficit/hyperactivity
disorder (ADHD) symptoms in children and adolescents.
◍ functions of the Pons.
Answer: breathingsleep and arousalrelaying sensory information between
the cerebrum and cerebellum
◍ functions of medulla oblongata.
Answer: helps regulate autonomic, involuntary functions (HR, RR, BP)
◍ function of the cerebellum.
Answer: fine motor coordinationbalancegaitmotor learning
◍ functions of the forebrain (thinking and feeling).
