aPHR Certification Study Guides
Human Resource Management (HRM) - answers-HRM consists of an organization's
"people practices" - the policies, practices, and systems that influence employees'
behavior, attitudes, and performance.
Explain how HRM contributes to an organization's performance - answers-Through its
practices or process, The HRM influences who works for the organization and how
those people work. These human resources, if well managed, have the potential to be a
source of sustainable competitive advantage, contributing to basic objectives such as
quality, profits, and customer satisfaction.
HRM Process/ practices - answers-1) Analysis and Design of work
2) HR planning
3) Recruitment
4) Selection
5)Training and development
6)Compensation
7)Performance Management
8) Employee Relations
Human Capital - answers-An Organization's employees, described in terms of their
training, experience, judgement, intelligence, relationships, and insight.
Human Resources qualities valuable to the success of organizations - answers-1)
Human Resources are VALUABLE- high-quality employees provide a needed service
as they perform many critical functions.
2) Human Resources are RARE- a person with high levels of the needed skills and
knowledge is not common
3) Human Resources CANNOT BE IMITATED -
4) Human Resources have NO GOOD SUBSTITUTES
High Performance Work System - answers-An organization in which technology,
organizational structure, people, and processes work seamlessly to give an organization
an advantage in the competitive environment.
Maintaining a High-Performance Work System may include: - answers--Development of
training programs
-Recruitment of people with new skill sets
- Establishment of rewards for such behaviors as team work, flexibility, and learning
,Ratio of HR employees to total employees - answers-2 full time HR staff persons for
every 100 employees on payroll.
In small organizations the ratio is much higher
Administrative role of HRM - answers-Handling administrative tasks ( hiring employees,
answering questions about benefits) efficiently and with a commitment to quality. This
requires expertise in the particular task
Business Partner role of HRM - answers-Developing effective HR systems that help the
org meet its goals attracting, keeping, and developing people with the skill it needs.
For the systems to be effective, HR people must understand the business so it can
understand what the business needs
Strategic partner role - answers-Contributing to the company's strategies through an
understanding of its existing and needed HR and ways HR practices can give the
company a competitive advantage.
For strategic ideas to be effective, HR people must understand the business, its
industry, and its competitors
Job Analysis - answers-The process of getting detailed information about jobs
Work Flow Design - answers-The process of analyzing the tasks necessary for the
production of a product or service
Job - answers-A set of related duties
Position - answers-A set of duties performed by a particular person
Job Description - answers-A list of the tasks, duties, and responsibilities (TDRs) that a
particular job entail
Job Specification - answers-A list if the knowledge, skills, abilities, and other
characteristics that an individual must have to perform a particular job
Job Design - answers-The process of defining the way work will be performed and the
tasks that a given job requires
Industrial Engineering - answers-The study of jobs to find the simplest way to structure
work in order to maximize efficiency
Job enlargement - answers-Broadening the types of tasks performed in a job
Job extension - answers-Enlarging jobs by combining several relatively simple jobs to
for a job with a wider range of tasks
, Job rotation - answers-Enlarging jobs by moving employees among several different
jobs
Job enrichment - answers-Empowering workers by adding more decision-making
authority to jobs
Flextime - answers-A scheduling policy in which full time employees may choose
starting and ending times within guidelines specified by the organization
Job sharing - answers-A work option in which two part time employees carry out the
tasks associated with a single job
Telework or Telecommuting - answers-Means doing one's work away from a centrally
located office
Ergonomics - answers-The study of the interface between individuals' physiology and
the characteristics of the physical work environment
Position Analysis Questionnaire (PAQ) - answers-A standardized job analysis
questionnaire containing 194,questions about work behaviors, work conditions, and job
characteristics that apply to a wide variety of jobs
Flesh a Job Analysis System - answers-Job analysis technique that asks subject matter
experts to evaluate a job in terms of the abilities required to perform
Competency - answers-An area of personal capability that enables employees to
perform their work successfully
Recruitment - answers-The process through which the organization seeks applicants for
potential employment
Selection - answers-The process by which the organization attempts to identify
applicants with the necessary knowledge, skills, abilities, and other characteristics that
will help the organization achieve its goals
Top 5 qualities employers look for in employees - answers-1)- Teamwork Skills
2)- Verbal Communications Skills
3)- Decision Making, Problem Solving
4)- Gathering / Processing information
5)- Planning/ Prioritizing Tasks
Training - answers-A planned effort to enable employees to learn job-related
knowledge, skills, and behavior
Human Resource Management (HRM) - answers-HRM consists of an organization's
"people practices" - the policies, practices, and systems that influence employees'
behavior, attitudes, and performance.
Explain how HRM contributes to an organization's performance - answers-Through its
practices or process, The HRM influences who works for the organization and how
those people work. These human resources, if well managed, have the potential to be a
source of sustainable competitive advantage, contributing to basic objectives such as
quality, profits, and customer satisfaction.
HRM Process/ practices - answers-1) Analysis and Design of work
2) HR planning
3) Recruitment
4) Selection
5)Training and development
6)Compensation
7)Performance Management
8) Employee Relations
Human Capital - answers-An Organization's employees, described in terms of their
training, experience, judgement, intelligence, relationships, and insight.
Human Resources qualities valuable to the success of organizations - answers-1)
Human Resources are VALUABLE- high-quality employees provide a needed service
as they perform many critical functions.
2) Human Resources are RARE- a person with high levels of the needed skills and
knowledge is not common
3) Human Resources CANNOT BE IMITATED -
4) Human Resources have NO GOOD SUBSTITUTES
High Performance Work System - answers-An organization in which technology,
organizational structure, people, and processes work seamlessly to give an organization
an advantage in the competitive environment.
Maintaining a High-Performance Work System may include: - answers--Development of
training programs
-Recruitment of people with new skill sets
- Establishment of rewards for such behaviors as team work, flexibility, and learning
,Ratio of HR employees to total employees - answers-2 full time HR staff persons for
every 100 employees on payroll.
In small organizations the ratio is much higher
Administrative role of HRM - answers-Handling administrative tasks ( hiring employees,
answering questions about benefits) efficiently and with a commitment to quality. This
requires expertise in the particular task
Business Partner role of HRM - answers-Developing effective HR systems that help the
org meet its goals attracting, keeping, and developing people with the skill it needs.
For the systems to be effective, HR people must understand the business so it can
understand what the business needs
Strategic partner role - answers-Contributing to the company's strategies through an
understanding of its existing and needed HR and ways HR practices can give the
company a competitive advantage.
For strategic ideas to be effective, HR people must understand the business, its
industry, and its competitors
Job Analysis - answers-The process of getting detailed information about jobs
Work Flow Design - answers-The process of analyzing the tasks necessary for the
production of a product or service
Job - answers-A set of related duties
Position - answers-A set of duties performed by a particular person
Job Description - answers-A list of the tasks, duties, and responsibilities (TDRs) that a
particular job entail
Job Specification - answers-A list if the knowledge, skills, abilities, and other
characteristics that an individual must have to perform a particular job
Job Design - answers-The process of defining the way work will be performed and the
tasks that a given job requires
Industrial Engineering - answers-The study of jobs to find the simplest way to structure
work in order to maximize efficiency
Job enlargement - answers-Broadening the types of tasks performed in a job
Job extension - answers-Enlarging jobs by combining several relatively simple jobs to
for a job with a wider range of tasks
, Job rotation - answers-Enlarging jobs by moving employees among several different
jobs
Job enrichment - answers-Empowering workers by adding more decision-making
authority to jobs
Flextime - answers-A scheduling policy in which full time employees may choose
starting and ending times within guidelines specified by the organization
Job sharing - answers-A work option in which two part time employees carry out the
tasks associated with a single job
Telework or Telecommuting - answers-Means doing one's work away from a centrally
located office
Ergonomics - answers-The study of the interface between individuals' physiology and
the characteristics of the physical work environment
Position Analysis Questionnaire (PAQ) - answers-A standardized job analysis
questionnaire containing 194,questions about work behaviors, work conditions, and job
characteristics that apply to a wide variety of jobs
Flesh a Job Analysis System - answers-Job analysis technique that asks subject matter
experts to evaluate a job in terms of the abilities required to perform
Competency - answers-An area of personal capability that enables employees to
perform their work successfully
Recruitment - answers-The process through which the organization seeks applicants for
potential employment
Selection - answers-The process by which the organization attempts to identify
applicants with the necessary knowledge, skills, abilities, and other characteristics that
will help the organization achieve its goals
Top 5 qualities employers look for in employees - answers-1)- Teamwork Skills
2)- Verbal Communications Skills
3)- Decision Making, Problem Solving
4)- Gathering / Processing information
5)- Planning/ Prioritizing Tasks
Training - answers-A planned effort to enable employees to learn job-related
knowledge, skills, and behavior
