Test Bank For Research Methods in Pharmacy Practice, 1st Edition
Methods and Applications Made Easy
Authors: Zubin Austin,Jane Sutton
,
,Research Methods in Pharmacy Practice, 1st Edition
By Zubin Austin and Jane Sutton
Chapter 1 Introduction to research in pharmacy practice
MCQs (1–20)
Concept-Based MCQs (1–10)
Q1. Which best defines validity in a research study?
A. Consistency of results over repeated measurements
B. Degree to which a study measures what it intends to measure
C. Ability to generalize findings to all populations
D. Absence of bias in sampling
E. Statistical significance of results
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: Validity refers to accuracy—whether the tool measures what
it is supposed to measure.
• A describes reliability
• C external validity/generalizability only
• D relates to sampling bias, not validity itself
• E relates to p-values/statistics
Pharmacy application: A validated adherence questionnaire ensures true
measurement of medication adherence.
Q2. Reliability refers to:
, A. Accuracy of measurement
B. Repeatability of results
C. Ethical approval of a study
D. Causality between variables
E. Sample representativeness
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: Reliability is consistency over time or across observers.
• A validity
• C ethics
• D causation
• E sampling
Application: A pharmacy audit tool should give the same prescribing error
rate when repeated.
Q3. Which is an example of selection bias?
A. Patients misreporting adherence
B. Only recruiting highly adherent patients in a study
C. Using an unvalidated questionnaire
D. Missing data in statistical analysis
E. Incorrect p-value calculation
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: Selection bias occurs when participants are not
representative.
• A measurement bias
• C instrument bias
Methods and Applications Made Easy
Authors: Zubin Austin,Jane Sutton
,
,Research Methods in Pharmacy Practice, 1st Edition
By Zubin Austin and Jane Sutton
Chapter 1 Introduction to research in pharmacy practice
MCQs (1–20)
Concept-Based MCQs (1–10)
Q1. Which best defines validity in a research study?
A. Consistency of results over repeated measurements
B. Degree to which a study measures what it intends to measure
C. Ability to generalize findings to all populations
D. Absence of bias in sampling
E. Statistical significance of results
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: Validity refers to accuracy—whether the tool measures what
it is supposed to measure.
• A describes reliability
• C external validity/generalizability only
• D relates to sampling bias, not validity itself
• E relates to p-values/statistics
Pharmacy application: A validated adherence questionnaire ensures true
measurement of medication adherence.
Q2. Reliability refers to:
, A. Accuracy of measurement
B. Repeatability of results
C. Ethical approval of a study
D. Causality between variables
E. Sample representativeness
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: Reliability is consistency over time or across observers.
• A validity
• C ethics
• D causation
• E sampling
Application: A pharmacy audit tool should give the same prescribing error
rate when repeated.
Q3. Which is an example of selection bias?
A. Patients misreporting adherence
B. Only recruiting highly adherent patients in a study
C. Using an unvalidated questionnaire
D. Missing data in statistical analysis
E. Incorrect p-value calculation
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: Selection bias occurs when participants are not
representative.
• A measurement bias
• C instrument bias
