NURS 6013 FINAL EXAM STUDY GUIDE QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
DETAILED ANSWERS (VERIFIED ANSWERS) |ALREADY GRADED
A+||BRAND NEW
What 3 types of patient characteristics may alter the volume of distribution? - ANSWER-* Age
* Edema
* Gender
What is the term for a drug that displays a degree of affinity for a receptor that stimulates a
response? - ANSWER-Agonist
Which route of administration guarantees 100% bioavailability? - ANSWER-IV
The healthcare provider is going to prescribe a medication for topical administration. To prevent
water absorption or evaporation, which formula should be used? - ANSWER-Ointment
What type of drug results in a higher volume of distribution b/c of the low-fat content content in
the bloodstream? - ANSWER-Lipid-soluble drugs
Which factor affecting oral absorption of a drug is decreased in pregnant compared to non
pregnant women? - ANSWER-GI motility
At which point after conception does a developing fetus become susceptible to the effects of
drugs? - ANSWER-Day 14
What is the most common method for pediatric dosing? - ANSWER-Body weight-based dosing.
mg/kg
,What is the. best method for reducing the likelihood of a medication error in a pediatric patient?
- ANSWER-Verifying patient weight
A medication with what characteristic is preferred for use during breastfeeding to reduce the risk
of harm to the infant? - ANSWER-Short half-life
What accounts for the increased risk of orthostatic hypotension in older adults? - ANSWER-*
Changes in cerebral blood flow
* Loss of the baroreceptor reflex
A 73-year-old woman is admitted to the hospital for pos-op management following a fall and hip
fx. The patient typically drinks 3 to 4 alcoholic drinks per day. What 1st line symptom-directed
therapy for mild symptoms of alcohol withdrawal is most appropriate? - ANSWER-Lorazepam
Which patient with dementia is an appropriate candidate for consideration of antipsychotic
medication?
A. Patient who is agitated and threatening self-harm
B. Patient experiencing new onset insomnia
C. Patient with uncontrolled pain
D. Patient experiencing new-onset anxiety - ANSWER-A. patient who is agitated and threatening
self-harm
What is an appropriate HgA1c goal for an OA with moderate comorbidity and a life expectancy
of less than 10 years?
A. < 6.5%
,B. 6.5-7%
C. 7.5-8%
D. 8.5-9 % - ANSWER-C. 7.5-8%
What term refers to the study of inherited single or a few gene variations on drug therapy and
response? - ANSWER-Pharmacogenetics
On average, what percentage of the human genome is identical b/w two unrelated individuals? -
ANSWER-99.9%
When interviewing the parent of a 7yo with CF, the health care provider discovers that the
child's aunt has a hx of hearing loss. The provider counsels the child's parent that the child may
benefit from genetic screening prior to therapy with what class of drugs? - ANSWER-
Aminoglycosides
A 66 yo patient who is prescribed warfarin for afib has a persistently supra therapeutic INR
despite multiple dosage adjustments and excellent medication adherence. The patient is taking
no other medications. Genetic testing of the patient's CYP2C9 may reveal that the patient's
enzyme activity is ... - ANSWER-decreased
A patient who recently had a stent placed following a MI undergoes genetic testing. As a result,
the provider decides that the patient should not be given clopidogrel. Which result appears on
the patient's test?
A. CYP2C19 (*1/*1)
B. CYP2C19 (*2/*2)
C. CYP2C9 (*1/*1)
, D. CYP2C9 (*2/*2) - ANSWER-B. CYP2C19 (*2/*2)
What is the first step in the prescribing process? - ANSWER-Determine an accurate diagnosis
In which phase of clinical trials is the most effective routes of administration and dosage ranges
for a drug determined? - ANSWER-Phase I
What is the best method for disposing of an unused drug? - ANSWER-Take it to a community
drug take-back program
Which type of controlled substances require a new prescription to be written prior to each
dispense? - ANSWER-Schedule II drugs
Any noxious, unintended, and undesired effect that occurs at normal drug doses - ANSWER-
Adverse drug reaction
A 73 yo patient has been recently prescribed a PRN medication for arthritic pain management.
The patients reports at a follow-up appointment that "the medication has not helped much."
What question should the health care provider managing the patient's care ask the patient
initially to assess the cause of the patient's report?
A. "How often are you taking the drug?"
B. " Are you aware of any drug allergies?"
C. " Since starting the PRN, are you taking any new drugs on a regular basis?"
D. " Are you consistently taking the food with or without food?" - ANSWER-C. "Since starting the
PRN, are you taking any new drugs on a regular basis?"
DETAILED ANSWERS (VERIFIED ANSWERS) |ALREADY GRADED
A+||BRAND NEW
What 3 types of patient characteristics may alter the volume of distribution? - ANSWER-* Age
* Edema
* Gender
What is the term for a drug that displays a degree of affinity for a receptor that stimulates a
response? - ANSWER-Agonist
Which route of administration guarantees 100% bioavailability? - ANSWER-IV
The healthcare provider is going to prescribe a medication for topical administration. To prevent
water absorption or evaporation, which formula should be used? - ANSWER-Ointment
What type of drug results in a higher volume of distribution b/c of the low-fat content content in
the bloodstream? - ANSWER-Lipid-soluble drugs
Which factor affecting oral absorption of a drug is decreased in pregnant compared to non
pregnant women? - ANSWER-GI motility
At which point after conception does a developing fetus become susceptible to the effects of
drugs? - ANSWER-Day 14
What is the most common method for pediatric dosing? - ANSWER-Body weight-based dosing.
mg/kg
,What is the. best method for reducing the likelihood of a medication error in a pediatric patient?
- ANSWER-Verifying patient weight
A medication with what characteristic is preferred for use during breastfeeding to reduce the risk
of harm to the infant? - ANSWER-Short half-life
What accounts for the increased risk of orthostatic hypotension in older adults? - ANSWER-*
Changes in cerebral blood flow
* Loss of the baroreceptor reflex
A 73-year-old woman is admitted to the hospital for pos-op management following a fall and hip
fx. The patient typically drinks 3 to 4 alcoholic drinks per day. What 1st line symptom-directed
therapy for mild symptoms of alcohol withdrawal is most appropriate? - ANSWER-Lorazepam
Which patient with dementia is an appropriate candidate for consideration of antipsychotic
medication?
A. Patient who is agitated and threatening self-harm
B. Patient experiencing new onset insomnia
C. Patient with uncontrolled pain
D. Patient experiencing new-onset anxiety - ANSWER-A. patient who is agitated and threatening
self-harm
What is an appropriate HgA1c goal for an OA with moderate comorbidity and a life expectancy
of less than 10 years?
A. < 6.5%
,B. 6.5-7%
C. 7.5-8%
D. 8.5-9 % - ANSWER-C. 7.5-8%
What term refers to the study of inherited single or a few gene variations on drug therapy and
response? - ANSWER-Pharmacogenetics
On average, what percentage of the human genome is identical b/w two unrelated individuals? -
ANSWER-99.9%
When interviewing the parent of a 7yo with CF, the health care provider discovers that the
child's aunt has a hx of hearing loss. The provider counsels the child's parent that the child may
benefit from genetic screening prior to therapy with what class of drugs? - ANSWER-
Aminoglycosides
A 66 yo patient who is prescribed warfarin for afib has a persistently supra therapeutic INR
despite multiple dosage adjustments and excellent medication adherence. The patient is taking
no other medications. Genetic testing of the patient's CYP2C9 may reveal that the patient's
enzyme activity is ... - ANSWER-decreased
A patient who recently had a stent placed following a MI undergoes genetic testing. As a result,
the provider decides that the patient should not be given clopidogrel. Which result appears on
the patient's test?
A. CYP2C19 (*1/*1)
B. CYP2C19 (*2/*2)
C. CYP2C9 (*1/*1)
, D. CYP2C9 (*2/*2) - ANSWER-B. CYP2C19 (*2/*2)
What is the first step in the prescribing process? - ANSWER-Determine an accurate diagnosis
In which phase of clinical trials is the most effective routes of administration and dosage ranges
for a drug determined? - ANSWER-Phase I
What is the best method for disposing of an unused drug? - ANSWER-Take it to a community
drug take-back program
Which type of controlled substances require a new prescription to be written prior to each
dispense? - ANSWER-Schedule II drugs
Any noxious, unintended, and undesired effect that occurs at normal drug doses - ANSWER-
Adverse drug reaction
A 73 yo patient has been recently prescribed a PRN medication for arthritic pain management.
The patients reports at a follow-up appointment that "the medication has not helped much."
What question should the health care provider managing the patient's care ask the patient
initially to assess the cause of the patient's report?
A. "How often are you taking the drug?"
B. " Are you aware of any drug allergies?"
C. " Since starting the PRN, are you taking any new drugs on a regular basis?"
D. " Are you consistently taking the food with or without food?" - ANSWER-C. "Since starting the
PRN, are you taking any new drugs on a regular basis?"
