ONS CHEMOTHERAPY IMMUNOTHERAPY
CERTIFICATE MIDTERM EXAM QUESTIONS
WITH VERIFIED ANSWERS
LATEST VERSION
Define dose density - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔Drug dose per unit of time
Define dose intensity - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔Amount of drug delivered
over time
How is relative dose intensity (RDI) calculated? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔By
comparing the dose that the patient ACTUALLY received to the planned dose
of the standard regimen
How do alkylating agents work? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔By causing a break
in the DNA helix strand, interfering with DNA replication and causing cell
death
3 subcategories of alkylating agents: - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔1.
Nitrogen mustards
2. Platinum-based agents (do not possess an alkyl group but still termed
alkylating agents as they work similarly)
Page 1 of 58
,3. Nitrosoureas
Most common subcategory of alkylating agents: - CORRECT
ANSWER✔✔Nitrogen mustards
Common alkylating agents: - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔Cyclophosphamide
(Cytoxan)
Ifosfamide (Ifex)
Bendamustine (Treanda)
Common platinum-based agents: - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔Cisplatin
(Platinol)
Carboplatin (Paraplatin)
What is unique about nitrosoureas agents? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔Able to
cross the blood-brain barrier; can be effective in treating some brain tumors
Common nitrosoureas agents: - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔Carmustine (BiCNU)
Lomustine (CeeNu)
Streptozocin (Zanosar)
Hypersensitivity can occur with late doses of: - CORRECT
Page 2 of 58
,ANSWER✔✔Carboplatin
3 major phases of cell division: - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔Interphase
Mitotic phase
Cytokinesis
3 steps of interphase: - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔First growth phase (G1)
Synthesis phase (S phase)
Second growth phase (G2)
4 phases of mitosis: - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔Prophase
Metaphase
Anaphase
Telophase
Innate immunity: - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔Non-specific response, either:
1. Barrier (skin, mucous membranes, flora of skin/gut)
2. Cellular components (phagocytes, natural killer cells, granulocytes,
macrophages)
Page 3 of 58
, Adaptive immunity: - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔Follows innate immunity if
unsuccessful. Memory immunity, including:
1. Humoral immunity (production of antibodies or immunoglobulins)
2. Cell mediated immunity (dependent upon T cells)
3. Regulatory T -cells (prevent autoimmune reactions and limit
inflammatory responses)
Define mutations - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔Variations in the nucleotide
sequence of a gene
3 main goals of treatment: - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔Cure
Control
Palliation
Define neoadjuvant therapy - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔Treatment is given
prior to surgery to shrink the tumor
Define adjuvant therapy - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔Additional cancer
treatment given after the primary treatment to lower the risk that the cancer
reoccur
Define conditioning/preparative therapy - CORRECT
ANSWER✔✔Treatments used to prepare a patient for stem cell transplantation
Page 4 of 58
CERTIFICATE MIDTERM EXAM QUESTIONS
WITH VERIFIED ANSWERS
LATEST VERSION
Define dose density - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔Drug dose per unit of time
Define dose intensity - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔Amount of drug delivered
over time
How is relative dose intensity (RDI) calculated? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔By
comparing the dose that the patient ACTUALLY received to the planned dose
of the standard regimen
How do alkylating agents work? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔By causing a break
in the DNA helix strand, interfering with DNA replication and causing cell
death
3 subcategories of alkylating agents: - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔1.
Nitrogen mustards
2. Platinum-based agents (do not possess an alkyl group but still termed
alkylating agents as they work similarly)
Page 1 of 58
,3. Nitrosoureas
Most common subcategory of alkylating agents: - CORRECT
ANSWER✔✔Nitrogen mustards
Common alkylating agents: - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔Cyclophosphamide
(Cytoxan)
Ifosfamide (Ifex)
Bendamustine (Treanda)
Common platinum-based agents: - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔Cisplatin
(Platinol)
Carboplatin (Paraplatin)
What is unique about nitrosoureas agents? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔Able to
cross the blood-brain barrier; can be effective in treating some brain tumors
Common nitrosoureas agents: - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔Carmustine (BiCNU)
Lomustine (CeeNu)
Streptozocin (Zanosar)
Hypersensitivity can occur with late doses of: - CORRECT
Page 2 of 58
,ANSWER✔✔Carboplatin
3 major phases of cell division: - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔Interphase
Mitotic phase
Cytokinesis
3 steps of interphase: - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔First growth phase (G1)
Synthesis phase (S phase)
Second growth phase (G2)
4 phases of mitosis: - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔Prophase
Metaphase
Anaphase
Telophase
Innate immunity: - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔Non-specific response, either:
1. Barrier (skin, mucous membranes, flora of skin/gut)
2. Cellular components (phagocytes, natural killer cells, granulocytes,
macrophages)
Page 3 of 58
, Adaptive immunity: - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔Follows innate immunity if
unsuccessful. Memory immunity, including:
1. Humoral immunity (production of antibodies or immunoglobulins)
2. Cell mediated immunity (dependent upon T cells)
3. Regulatory T -cells (prevent autoimmune reactions and limit
inflammatory responses)
Define mutations - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔Variations in the nucleotide
sequence of a gene
3 main goals of treatment: - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔Cure
Control
Palliation
Define neoadjuvant therapy - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔Treatment is given
prior to surgery to shrink the tumor
Define adjuvant therapy - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔Additional cancer
treatment given after the primary treatment to lower the risk that the cancer
reoccur
Define conditioning/preparative therapy - CORRECT
ANSWER✔✔Treatments used to prepare a patient for stem cell transplantation
Page 4 of 58
