NUR209 EXAM 3 2026 EXAM PREP STUDY
GUIDE COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW
◉ Characteristics of normal cognition Answer: intelligence, reality
perception, orientation, judgement, recall and recognition, language
◉ sympathetic vs parasympathetic Answer: sympathetic (fight or
flight) and parasympathetic (rest and digest)
◉ Cognition is Answer: the systematic way in which a person thinks,
reasons and uses language
◉ What are some signs of normal cognition? Answer: attention
memory
learning
communication
intelligence
reality perception (awareness of time and space)
orientation (knowing who one is as a person)
recall and recognition
language (availability to convey needs)
,◉ What is sensation? Answer: the process by which our sensory
receptors and nervous system receive and represent stimulus
energies from our environment
◉ special senses Answer: nose, eyes, mouth, ears, skin
◉ If a patient cant sense discomfort while in a position on the bed,
they can develop Answer: a bed sore
◉ T/F Someone can have full motor function while having impaired
sensory function Answer: true
◉ What are somatic senses? Answer: touch
kinesthetic sensation- the ability to know the position of your body
without having to actually look at your body
visceral sensation- sensation of organs or that "warm fuzzy feeling"
or the feeling of your stomach hurting
◉ What are 2 examples of disorganized thinking ? Answer: delusion-
when a person has a firm belief in something
hallucinations- hearing/ seeing/ feeling something that isn't there
,◉ What are some examples of an impaired thought process?
Answer: Deliruim- acute and fluctuating brain organ dysfunction,
presenting with a disturbance of consciousness with reduced ability
to focus, sustain, or shift attention or in other words, confusion. This
can happen when you become hypoglycemic, dehydrated, or have
low oxygen
Dementia- chronic irreversible confusion. This can occur due to
decreased O2 to the brain
Depression- caused by social isolation
Altered level of arousal/ consciousness
◉ What are some examples of impaired communication? Answer:
Expressive (Broca's) aphasia - this is when a patient finds it difficult
to say the right words but they know what they want to say
Receptive (Wernicke's) aphasia- the patient cant verbally make
sense. for example if you ask the patient what they're doing and the
respond "grass, salad"
◉ What is aphasia? Answer: complete or partial loss of language
abilities including understanding, speech, and reading
, ◉ What is sensory overload (hyperactive delirium)? Answer: when a
person is unable to process a certain quantity of stimuli
ex: bright lights/ use of oxygen/ having a roommate/ having a room
close to the nurse's station can all cause sensory overload
◉ What is sensory deprivation ( hypoactive delirium)? Answer: this
is a lack of meaningful stimuli
ex: having a private room/ bandaged eyes (even if only one eye had
surgery done on it, they cover both eyes to avoid sensory overload
but covering both can lead to sensory deprivation)/ bed rest
restriction/ being on isolation precaution
◉ Neurological Assessment: Normal Pattern Identification Answer:
Information should be gathered about the patient's usual cognitive,
sensory, and neurological function and its impact on daily living.
You should assess LOC, level of attention and distraction,
orientation, ability to use language, and memory.
◉ Assess level of consciousness Answer: •Hypervigilant
GUIDE COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW
◉ Characteristics of normal cognition Answer: intelligence, reality
perception, orientation, judgement, recall and recognition, language
◉ sympathetic vs parasympathetic Answer: sympathetic (fight or
flight) and parasympathetic (rest and digest)
◉ Cognition is Answer: the systematic way in which a person thinks,
reasons and uses language
◉ What are some signs of normal cognition? Answer: attention
memory
learning
communication
intelligence
reality perception (awareness of time and space)
orientation (knowing who one is as a person)
recall and recognition
language (availability to convey needs)
,◉ What is sensation? Answer: the process by which our sensory
receptors and nervous system receive and represent stimulus
energies from our environment
◉ special senses Answer: nose, eyes, mouth, ears, skin
◉ If a patient cant sense discomfort while in a position on the bed,
they can develop Answer: a bed sore
◉ T/F Someone can have full motor function while having impaired
sensory function Answer: true
◉ What are somatic senses? Answer: touch
kinesthetic sensation- the ability to know the position of your body
without having to actually look at your body
visceral sensation- sensation of organs or that "warm fuzzy feeling"
or the feeling of your stomach hurting
◉ What are 2 examples of disorganized thinking ? Answer: delusion-
when a person has a firm belief in something
hallucinations- hearing/ seeing/ feeling something that isn't there
,◉ What are some examples of an impaired thought process?
Answer: Deliruim- acute and fluctuating brain organ dysfunction,
presenting with a disturbance of consciousness with reduced ability
to focus, sustain, or shift attention or in other words, confusion. This
can happen when you become hypoglycemic, dehydrated, or have
low oxygen
Dementia- chronic irreversible confusion. This can occur due to
decreased O2 to the brain
Depression- caused by social isolation
Altered level of arousal/ consciousness
◉ What are some examples of impaired communication? Answer:
Expressive (Broca's) aphasia - this is when a patient finds it difficult
to say the right words but they know what they want to say
Receptive (Wernicke's) aphasia- the patient cant verbally make
sense. for example if you ask the patient what they're doing and the
respond "grass, salad"
◉ What is aphasia? Answer: complete or partial loss of language
abilities including understanding, speech, and reading
, ◉ What is sensory overload (hyperactive delirium)? Answer: when a
person is unable to process a certain quantity of stimuli
ex: bright lights/ use of oxygen/ having a roommate/ having a room
close to the nurse's station can all cause sensory overload
◉ What is sensory deprivation ( hypoactive delirium)? Answer: this
is a lack of meaningful stimuli
ex: having a private room/ bandaged eyes (even if only one eye had
surgery done on it, they cover both eyes to avoid sensory overload
but covering both can lead to sensory deprivation)/ bed rest
restriction/ being on isolation precaution
◉ Neurological Assessment: Normal Pattern Identification Answer:
Information should be gathered about the patient's usual cognitive,
sensory, and neurological function and its impact on daily living.
You should assess LOC, level of attention and distraction,
orientation, ability to use language, and memory.
◉ Assess level of consciousness Answer: •Hypervigilant
