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Pediatric CMS Exam 2026/2027 |
Questions with Verified Answers and
Detailed Rationales Grade A
Question 1
A nurse is assessing a school-age child who has heart failure and is taking
furosemide. Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as an
indication that the medication is effective?
A. An increase in venous pressure
B. A decrease in peripheral edema
C. A decrease in cardiac output
D. An increase in potassium levels
Correct Answer: B. A decrease in peripheral edema
Rationale: Furosemide is a diuretic that reduces fluid overload. A decrease in
peripheral edema indicates the medication is effectively reducing excess fluid.
Question 2
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A nurse is assessing an infant who has acute otitis media. Which of the
following findings should the nurse expect? (Select all that apply.)
A. Increased appetite
B. Enlarged subclavian lymph node
C. Crying
D. Restlessness
E. Fever
Correct Answer: C. Crying, D. Restlessness, E. Fever
Rationale: Acute otitis media causes ear pain, leading to crying and restlessness.
Fever is also common due to infection. Appetite typically decreases, and
lymphadenopathy is usually cervical, not subclavian.
Question 3
A nurse is providing teaching to the parents of an infant who is to undergo
pilocarpine iontophoresis testing for cystic fibrosis. Which of the following
statements should the nurse include in the teaching?
A. "We will measure the amount of protein in your baby's urine over a 24-hour
period."
B. "The test will measure the amount of water in your baby's sweat."
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C. "A nurse will insert an IV prior to the test."
D. "Your baby will need to fast for 8 hours prior to the test."
Correct Answer: B. "The test will measure the amount of water in your
baby's sweat."
Rationale: Pilocarpine iontophoresis (sweat chloride test) measures chloride
concentration in sweat to diagnose cystic fibrosis.
Question 4
A nurse in an urgent care clinic is prioritizing care for children. Which of the
following children should the nurse assess first?
A. A toddler who has nephrotic syndrome and facial edema
B. A preschool-age child who has a muffled voice and no spontaneous cough
C. A preschool-age child who has diabetes mellitus and a blood glucose of 200
mg/dL
D. An adolescent who has Crohn's disease and recent weight loss of 5 kg (11 lb)
Correct Answer: B. A preschool-age child who has a muffled voice and no
spontaneous cough
Rationale: A muffled voice with no spontaneous cough suggests epiglottitis, a life-
threatening airway emergency requiring immediate assessment.
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Question 5
A nurse is providing teaching to the parents of a toddler who is to undergo a
sweat chloride test. Which of the following statements should the nurse
include?
A. "The purpose of the test is to determine if your child has Crohn's disease."
B. "The technician will use a device to produce an electrical current during the test."
C. "During the test, your child will be in a room that is cold."
D. "Your child's sweat will be collected over 24 hours."
Correct Answer: B. "The technician will use a device to produce an
electrical current during the test."
Rationale: The sweat chloride test uses pilocarpine iontophoresis, which involves a
mild electrical current to stimulate sweat production.
Question 6
A nurse in the emergency department is caring for an adolescent who is
requesting testing for STI. Which of the following actions is appropriate for
the nurse to take?
A. Request verbal consent from the social worker
B. Contact the client's parents to obtain phone consent
Pediatric CMS Exam 2026/2027 |
Questions with Verified Answers and
Detailed Rationales Grade A
Question 1
A nurse is assessing a school-age child who has heart failure and is taking
furosemide. Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as an
indication that the medication is effective?
A. An increase in venous pressure
B. A decrease in peripheral edema
C. A decrease in cardiac output
D. An increase in potassium levels
Correct Answer: B. A decrease in peripheral edema
Rationale: Furosemide is a diuretic that reduces fluid overload. A decrease in
peripheral edema indicates the medication is effectively reducing excess fluid.
Question 2
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A nurse is assessing an infant who has acute otitis media. Which of the
following findings should the nurse expect? (Select all that apply.)
A. Increased appetite
B. Enlarged subclavian lymph node
C. Crying
D. Restlessness
E. Fever
Correct Answer: C. Crying, D. Restlessness, E. Fever
Rationale: Acute otitis media causes ear pain, leading to crying and restlessness.
Fever is also common due to infection. Appetite typically decreases, and
lymphadenopathy is usually cervical, not subclavian.
Question 3
A nurse is providing teaching to the parents of an infant who is to undergo
pilocarpine iontophoresis testing for cystic fibrosis. Which of the following
statements should the nurse include in the teaching?
A. "We will measure the amount of protein in your baby's urine over a 24-hour
period."
B. "The test will measure the amount of water in your baby's sweat."
,3|Page
C. "A nurse will insert an IV prior to the test."
D. "Your baby will need to fast for 8 hours prior to the test."
Correct Answer: B. "The test will measure the amount of water in your
baby's sweat."
Rationale: Pilocarpine iontophoresis (sweat chloride test) measures chloride
concentration in sweat to diagnose cystic fibrosis.
Question 4
A nurse in an urgent care clinic is prioritizing care for children. Which of the
following children should the nurse assess first?
A. A toddler who has nephrotic syndrome and facial edema
B. A preschool-age child who has a muffled voice and no spontaneous cough
C. A preschool-age child who has diabetes mellitus and a blood glucose of 200
mg/dL
D. An adolescent who has Crohn's disease and recent weight loss of 5 kg (11 lb)
Correct Answer: B. A preschool-age child who has a muffled voice and no
spontaneous cough
Rationale: A muffled voice with no spontaneous cough suggests epiglottitis, a life-
threatening airway emergency requiring immediate assessment.
, 4|Page
Question 5
A nurse is providing teaching to the parents of a toddler who is to undergo a
sweat chloride test. Which of the following statements should the nurse
include?
A. "The purpose of the test is to determine if your child has Crohn's disease."
B. "The technician will use a device to produce an electrical current during the test."
C. "During the test, your child will be in a room that is cold."
D. "Your child's sweat will be collected over 24 hours."
Correct Answer: B. "The technician will use a device to produce an
electrical current during the test."
Rationale: The sweat chloride test uses pilocarpine iontophoresis, which involves a
mild electrical current to stimulate sweat production.
Question 6
A nurse in the emergency department is caring for an adolescent who is
requesting testing for STI. Which of the following actions is appropriate for
the nurse to take?
A. Request verbal consent from the social worker
B. Contact the client's parents to obtain phone consent
