BIOL 319 ALL 2026 TEST QUESTIONS AND SOLUTIONS
RATED A+
✔✔Distal phalanges of fingers 2-5 - ✔✔Insertion of flexor digitum profundus
✔✔Base of 1st metacarpal
Trapezium - ✔✔Insertion of abductor pollicis longus
✔✔Base of distal phalanx of thumb - ✔✔Insertion of extensor pollicis longus
✔✔Proximal end of radius - ✔✔Insertion of supinator
✔✔Lateral base of thumb's proximal phalanx - ✔✔Insertion of abductor pollicis brevis
✔✔Lateral side of base of proximal phalanx of thumb - ✔✔Insertion of flexor pollicis
brevis
✔✔Anterior side of the 1st metacarpal - ✔✔Insertion of opponens pollicis
✔✔Medial side of the base of proximal thumb phalanx - ✔✔Insertion of adductor pollicis
✔✔Medial side of the 5th metacarpal - ✔✔Insertion of opponens digiti minimi
✔✔Proximal phalanx of fingers 2-5 - ✔✔Insertion of lumbricals of the hand
✔✔Extensor expansion over 1st pahlanx of each finger - ✔✔Insertion of palmar
interossei
✔✔Extensor expansion over proximal phalanx of fingers 2-4 - ✔✔Insertion of dorsal
interossei
✔✔ Multinucleated cell that secretes acid and proteases to dissolve bone matrix -
✔✔Define: Osteoclast
✔✔Stem cell that gives way to osteoblasts - ✔✔Define: Osteoprogenitor Cell
✔✔Derived from osteoprogentior cells; secretes organic components of bone matrix;
can give way to osteocyte - ✔✔Define: Osteoblast
✔✔Derived from osteoblasts; involved in bone maintenance - ✔✔Define: Osteocyte
✔✔The study of tissues - ✔✔Define: Histology
, ✔✔Epithelial
Connective
Muscle
Nervous - ✔✔What are the four main tissue types?
✔✔Lining and covering organs and their internal passageways - ✔✔Where are
epithelial tissues located?
✔✔The side of the epithelium that is exposed to the external environment/internal cavity
- ✔✔Define: Free surface (wrt epithelium)
✔✔True - ✔✔T/F: Epithelia are avascular
✔✔Basal Lamina - ✔✔Epithelia are attached to the body via _____________.
✔✔Connective - ✔✔Located below a basal lamina is a layer of __________ tissue.
✔✔Diffusion, absorption, and secretion - ✔✔Main function of simple epithelia
✔✔Cilia or microvilli - ✔✔Simple epithelia generally have ______ or _______ on the
free surface.
✔✔Secrete mucus that coat free surface of simple epithelial cells - ✔✔Main function of
goblet cells
✔✔Sweep mucus to remove debris - ✔✔Main funtion of microvilli of simple epithelial
cells
✔✔Increase surface area for absorption - ✔✔Main function of cilia of simple epithelial
cells
✔✔Areas exposed to friction/abrasion - ✔✔Where are stratified epithelia cells found?
✔✔The type of cell at the free surface - ✔✔When a stratified epithelium has more than
one type of cell ___________ determines the classification of the tissue.
✔✔Glandular - ✔✔____________ epithelia IS vascularized.
✔✔Any gland within the body - ✔✔Glandular epithelial cells make up ________.
✔✔Nourishment (exposure to vascular structures) - ✔✔What determines an epithelial
cell's ability to regenerate?
RATED A+
✔✔Distal phalanges of fingers 2-5 - ✔✔Insertion of flexor digitum profundus
✔✔Base of 1st metacarpal
Trapezium - ✔✔Insertion of abductor pollicis longus
✔✔Base of distal phalanx of thumb - ✔✔Insertion of extensor pollicis longus
✔✔Proximal end of radius - ✔✔Insertion of supinator
✔✔Lateral base of thumb's proximal phalanx - ✔✔Insertion of abductor pollicis brevis
✔✔Lateral side of base of proximal phalanx of thumb - ✔✔Insertion of flexor pollicis
brevis
✔✔Anterior side of the 1st metacarpal - ✔✔Insertion of opponens pollicis
✔✔Medial side of the base of proximal thumb phalanx - ✔✔Insertion of adductor pollicis
✔✔Medial side of the 5th metacarpal - ✔✔Insertion of opponens digiti minimi
✔✔Proximal phalanx of fingers 2-5 - ✔✔Insertion of lumbricals of the hand
✔✔Extensor expansion over 1st pahlanx of each finger - ✔✔Insertion of palmar
interossei
✔✔Extensor expansion over proximal phalanx of fingers 2-4 - ✔✔Insertion of dorsal
interossei
✔✔ Multinucleated cell that secretes acid and proteases to dissolve bone matrix -
✔✔Define: Osteoclast
✔✔Stem cell that gives way to osteoblasts - ✔✔Define: Osteoprogenitor Cell
✔✔Derived from osteoprogentior cells; secretes organic components of bone matrix;
can give way to osteocyte - ✔✔Define: Osteoblast
✔✔Derived from osteoblasts; involved in bone maintenance - ✔✔Define: Osteocyte
✔✔The study of tissues - ✔✔Define: Histology
, ✔✔Epithelial
Connective
Muscle
Nervous - ✔✔What are the four main tissue types?
✔✔Lining and covering organs and their internal passageways - ✔✔Where are
epithelial tissues located?
✔✔The side of the epithelium that is exposed to the external environment/internal cavity
- ✔✔Define: Free surface (wrt epithelium)
✔✔True - ✔✔T/F: Epithelia are avascular
✔✔Basal Lamina - ✔✔Epithelia are attached to the body via _____________.
✔✔Connective - ✔✔Located below a basal lamina is a layer of __________ tissue.
✔✔Diffusion, absorption, and secretion - ✔✔Main function of simple epithelia
✔✔Cilia or microvilli - ✔✔Simple epithelia generally have ______ or _______ on the
free surface.
✔✔Secrete mucus that coat free surface of simple epithelial cells - ✔✔Main function of
goblet cells
✔✔Sweep mucus to remove debris - ✔✔Main funtion of microvilli of simple epithelial
cells
✔✔Increase surface area for absorption - ✔✔Main function of cilia of simple epithelial
cells
✔✔Areas exposed to friction/abrasion - ✔✔Where are stratified epithelia cells found?
✔✔The type of cell at the free surface - ✔✔When a stratified epithelium has more than
one type of cell ___________ determines the classification of the tissue.
✔✔Glandular - ✔✔____________ epithelia IS vascularized.
✔✔Any gland within the body - ✔✔Glandular epithelial cells make up ________.
✔✔Nourishment (exposure to vascular structures) - ✔✔What determines an epithelial
cell's ability to regenerate?
