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Health:
State in which physical, mental, and social wellbeing are integrated so that optimal functioning is
possible.
Outcome-focused evaluations:
Show program effect; the audience is made up of funders, researchers, and other external
audience; the method of conducting the evaluation includes research methods, and external
evaluators.
Utilization-focused evaluations:
Get stakeholders to use evaluation findings for decisions regarding program improvements and
future program development; the audience is made up of program people and funders; the
method of conducting the evaluations includes research methods.
The five standards of evaluation established by the American Evaluation Association are:
Utility (to increase the extent to which program stakeholders find evaluation processes and
products valuable in meeting the needs), feasibility (to increase evaluation effectiveness and
efficiency), propriety (to support what is proper, fair, legal, right, and just in evaluations),
accuracy (to increase the dependability and truthfulness of evaluation representations,
propositions, and findings, especially those that support interpretations and judgements and
quality), and evaluation accountability (to encourage adequate documentation of evaluation and a
meta-evaluative perspective focused on improvements and accountability for evaluation
processes and products).
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Answers| Latest 2025/ 2026 Update |100%
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Is the planning and evaluation cycle linear of cyclical?
Cyclical, but the cycle is presented in a linear fashion in the text; to be successful as a program
planner or evaluator requires a substantial degree of flexibility and creativity in recovering from
outside influences.
MAPIT model:
Mobilize the community; Assess the health status; Plan the program; Implement the program;
and then Track the outcomes.
Funders, either federal agencies or private foundations (stakeholder):
May use process evaluations for program accountability and effect evaluations for determining
the success of broad initiatives and individual program effectiveness.
Project directors and managers (stakeholder):
Use both process and effect evaluation findings as a basis for seeking further funding as well as
for making improvements to the health program.
Program staff (stakeholder):
Use both process and the effect evaluation as a validation of their efforts and as a justification for
their feelings about their success with program participants and recipients.
Scholars and health professionals (stakeholder):
, CHES Exam V1 | Questions and Verified
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Accesses the findings of effect evaluations through professional literature; use effect evaluations
as the basis for generating new theories about what is effective in addressing a particular health
problem, and why it is effective.
Policy makers (stakeholders):
Uses both published literature and final program reports regarding process and effect evaluation
findings when formulating health policy and making decisions about program resource
allocation.
Community action groups, community members, and program participants and recipients
(stakeholders):
Most likely to advocate for a community health assessment and to use process evaluation results
ass a basis for seeking additional resources or to hold the program accountable.
Pilot program:
The program does not rely on any existing format or theory, so simple trial and error is used to
determine whether it is feasible and might produce an effect; likely to be small and somewhat
experimental because a similar type of program has not been developed or previously attempted.
Model program:
If the pilot program appears to be successful and doable, as documented by both the process and
effect evaluations, it may evolve into a model program; has interventions that are formalized, or
explicit, with protocols that standardize the intervention, and the program is delivered under
conditions that are controlled by the program staff and developers; difficult to sustain over time
because it is provided under ideal weather than realistic conditions; evaluating the effects of this
type of program is easier than a pilot program.
, CHES Exam V1 | Questions and Verified
Answers| Latest 2025/ 2026 Update |100%
Correct Elaborations (100 out of 100)
Prototype program:
If the model program shows promise for addressing the health problem, it can be copied and
implemented as a prototype program; implemented under realistic conditions and is easily
replicated and tailored to the organization and the specifics of the local target audience;
Institutionalized program:
If the prototype program is successful and stable, it may become institutionalized within the
organization as an ongoing part of the services provided; it is possible for successful programs
that are institutionalized across a number of organizations in a community to gain wide
acceptance as a standard practice, with the establishment of an expectation that a good agency
with provide the program.
Professionally institutionalized program:
At this last stage, the health program has become institutionalized within health services.
Community needs assessment:
A type of evaluation that is performed to collect data about the health problems of a particular
group. The data collected for this purpose are then used to tailor the health program to the news
and distinctive characteristics of the group.
Process evaluations: