RVT ARDMS COMPREHENSIVE EXAM 2026 QUESTIONS
AND SOLUTIONS RATED A+
✔✔What increases as velocity increases? - ✔✔kinetic energy
✔✔Pressure decreases as....... - ✔✔velocity increases
✔✔What is the relationship between velocity and pressure? - ✔✔they are inversely
proportionate
✔✔vasoconstriction and vasodilation are controlled by what part of the nervous system?
- ✔✔sympathetic nervous system
✔✔What will collaterals function to do? - ✔✔supply sufficient blood volume to maintain
normal peripheral resistance
✔✔What happens to the splanchnic vessels after eating? - ✔✔they become dilated and
change to low resistance dude to increasing blood for digestion
✔✔Exercise changes the PW doppler reading from...... - ✔✔high to low resistance due
to vasodilation
✔✔flow to a cool limb will present with what type of flow? - ✔✔pulsatile flow (increased
resistance)
✔✔flow to a warm limb will present with what type of flow? - ✔✔continuous flow
(decreased resistance)
✔✔Whats a good way to detect disease in distal vessels? - ✔✔exercise
✔✔Increased hematocrit leads to.... - ✔✔increased viscosity
✔✔anemia results in decreased..... - ✔✔viscosity
✔✔Changes in velocity or direction result in? - ✔✔energy loss
✔✔The strength of the returning sound wave is dependent upon what? - ✔✔tissue
interfaces and angle of isonation
✔✔The strongest reflection is at what angle? - ✔✔90 degrees
✔✔What does propagation velocity equal? - ✔✔time
, ✔✔What is the 13 microsecond rule? - ✔✔For every 13 microseconds of go-return time,
the reflector is 1cm deeper in the body.
✔✔What is the doppler angle of isonation for vascular applications? - ✔✔60 degrees or
less
✔✔What are the 2 techniques used in doppler analysis for blood flow? - ✔✔Continuous
Wave (CW) and Pulsed Wave (PW)
✔✔What technique is rarely used in vascular duplex imaging? - ✔✔Continuous Wave
✔✔What are the characteristics of CW doppler? - ✔✔1 crystal is transmitting signals
and 1 crystal is receiving signals
(2 piezo-electric crystals)
✔✔Does CW doppler have aliasing? - ✔✔no
✔✔What is a analog continuous wave velocimetry? - ✔✔uses a zero- crossing
frequency detector
✔✔What is a way to remember analog? - ✔✔think average
✔✔What are the 2 types of CW? - ✔✔analog and digital
✔✔What is digital CW? - ✔✔spectral analysis
✔✔What is FFT used for? - ✔✔generate Doppler shift spectral displays and analyzes all
frequencies moving through the sample area. ( the little box on pulsed wave?)
✔✔What is the primary technique used in duplex scanning? - ✔✔PW doppler
✔✔Pulsed doppler has..... - ✔✔range or depth resolution
✔✔What is the pulse-listening cycle? - ✔✔The pulse is directed into the tissue and the
instrument waits for it to return before sending out another pulse
✔✔What will cause PW to alias? - ✔✔if the doppler shift frequency is greater than 1/2
the PRF (nyquist limit)
✔✔What does the X and Y axis represent in spectral analysis? - ✔✔X: Time
Y: Frequency
✔✔What are the cons of using analog CW? - ✔✔noise and decreased sensitivity
AND SOLUTIONS RATED A+
✔✔What increases as velocity increases? - ✔✔kinetic energy
✔✔Pressure decreases as....... - ✔✔velocity increases
✔✔What is the relationship between velocity and pressure? - ✔✔they are inversely
proportionate
✔✔vasoconstriction and vasodilation are controlled by what part of the nervous system?
- ✔✔sympathetic nervous system
✔✔What will collaterals function to do? - ✔✔supply sufficient blood volume to maintain
normal peripheral resistance
✔✔What happens to the splanchnic vessels after eating? - ✔✔they become dilated and
change to low resistance dude to increasing blood for digestion
✔✔Exercise changes the PW doppler reading from...... - ✔✔high to low resistance due
to vasodilation
✔✔flow to a cool limb will present with what type of flow? - ✔✔pulsatile flow (increased
resistance)
✔✔flow to a warm limb will present with what type of flow? - ✔✔continuous flow
(decreased resistance)
✔✔Whats a good way to detect disease in distal vessels? - ✔✔exercise
✔✔Increased hematocrit leads to.... - ✔✔increased viscosity
✔✔anemia results in decreased..... - ✔✔viscosity
✔✔Changes in velocity or direction result in? - ✔✔energy loss
✔✔The strength of the returning sound wave is dependent upon what? - ✔✔tissue
interfaces and angle of isonation
✔✔The strongest reflection is at what angle? - ✔✔90 degrees
✔✔What does propagation velocity equal? - ✔✔time
, ✔✔What is the 13 microsecond rule? - ✔✔For every 13 microseconds of go-return time,
the reflector is 1cm deeper in the body.
✔✔What is the doppler angle of isonation for vascular applications? - ✔✔60 degrees or
less
✔✔What are the 2 techniques used in doppler analysis for blood flow? - ✔✔Continuous
Wave (CW) and Pulsed Wave (PW)
✔✔What technique is rarely used in vascular duplex imaging? - ✔✔Continuous Wave
✔✔What are the characteristics of CW doppler? - ✔✔1 crystal is transmitting signals
and 1 crystal is receiving signals
(2 piezo-electric crystals)
✔✔Does CW doppler have aliasing? - ✔✔no
✔✔What is a analog continuous wave velocimetry? - ✔✔uses a zero- crossing
frequency detector
✔✔What is a way to remember analog? - ✔✔think average
✔✔What are the 2 types of CW? - ✔✔analog and digital
✔✔What is digital CW? - ✔✔spectral analysis
✔✔What is FFT used for? - ✔✔generate Doppler shift spectral displays and analyzes all
frequencies moving through the sample area. ( the little box on pulsed wave?)
✔✔What is the primary technique used in duplex scanning? - ✔✔PW doppler
✔✔Pulsed doppler has..... - ✔✔range or depth resolution
✔✔What is the pulse-listening cycle? - ✔✔The pulse is directed into the tissue and the
instrument waits for it to return before sending out another pulse
✔✔What will cause PW to alias? - ✔✔if the doppler shift frequency is greater than 1/2
the PRF (nyquist limit)
✔✔What does the X and Y axis represent in spectral analysis? - ✔✔X: Time
Y: Frequency
✔✔What are the cons of using analog CW? - ✔✔noise and decreased sensitivity
