RVT ARDMS LATEST 2026 EXAM QUESTIONS AND
SOLUTIONS RATED A+
✔✔How is a V/Q scan performed? - ✔✔-supine on table
-hour before test, IV is placed in arm and a slightly radioactive liquid agent is injected
through IV.
-gamma camera sctintigraphy is used to get multiple images of chest take from different
angles in order to detect radionuclide.
-during Ventilation scan: half of images, patient breaths from a tube inhaling mix of air,
oxygen, and radioactive version of gas, which is detected by camera, allowing airflow in
different parts of lung to be measured.
-during perfusion scan: other half of images, camera will track injected radionuclide in
order to determine the presence of blood flow in different locations of lung.
✔✔Interpretation of V/Q scan? - ✔✔Interpreted as representing high, moderate, or low
probability of PE, or they may be intermediate.
-patients with normal airflow but abnormal blood flow may have a PE.
-patients with localized areas of low blood flow may have other lung diseases, like
COPD.
✔✔What is pulmonary angiography? - ✔✔Evaluating pulmonary arteries for PE
✔✔What is a computed tomographic angiography(CTA)? - ✔✔-more often used to
evaluate PE. STUDY OF CHOICE FOR PE.
-uses ionizing radiation to obtain cross sectional images of vasculature.
-can be performed with or without contrast agents, but it allows more discrete evaluation
of the vessels, pulmonary arteries and it's branches.
✔✔Limitations of pulmonary angiography? - ✔✔Similar to angiography
-allergic reaction to contrast medium
-complications like hematoma at puncture site.
✔✔Limitations of computed tomographic angiography? - ✔✔-can have allergic reaction
to contrast medium
-images can be degraded by patient motion
✔✔Technique for pulmonary angiography? - ✔✔-IV inserted
-catheter is advanced through veins passing through right atrium into the pulmonary
artery
-contrast injected and images taken as contrast moves through Arteries in lung
✔✔Technique for CTA? - ✔✔-Contrast injected through superficial peripheral vein
(cephalic)
Images obtained as contrast moves through Arteries in lung.
, ✔✔How do you decrease risk for venous stasis? - ✔✔-limiting long periods of inactivity
or bed rest, promoting venous drainage when inactive
-leg elevation
-support stockings
-pneumatic compression devices
-weight management
✔✔What are varicose veins? - ✔✔Enlarged veins that appear as purple or blue and
may appear twisted and/or bulging near skin surface.
-very small varicosities,"spider veins(telangiectasias)", usually not medically significant.
-large veins may be painful and/or symptomatic of venous disease leading to serious
venous complication.
✔✔What causes varicose veins? - ✔✔1. Chronic ambulatory venous hypertension, or
high pressure in veins due to loss of valve function or obstruction.
2. Pregnancy (increased blood volume along with increased abdominal pressure).
3. Heredity
4. Prolonged standing(pressure in legs remains elevated for long periods of time).
5. Trauma
6. Age (when veins lose Thierry elasticity and more easily stretch, allow blood to pool).
7. Obesity May be considered
✔✔Most common cause of varicose veins? - ✔✔Incompetence of the greater
saphenous vein
✔✔What is venous ablation? - ✔✔Uses heat energy to close off the diseases vein.
-if cannot be performed microphlebectomy, the surgical removal of the diseases vein,
may be considered
✔✔What is sclerotheraphy? - ✔✔The injection of a sclerosing solution, an irratant, into
the vessel, resulting in its closure
-larger veins may be treated with this but foam sclerotheraphy is more successful.
✔✔What is foam sclerotheraphy? - ✔✔A solution is injected as a foam instead of a
liquid.
✔✔Advantages of foam sclerotheraphy? - ✔✔1. Better visualization while it spreads
through targeted veins
2. Ability to use smaller amounts of solution
3. Better contact inside the veins due to the foam medium (it stays longer and is not
diluted by mixing with blood inside vein.)
✔✔What is surface laser treatment? - ✔✔-Uses a precise amount of light that is pulsed
through a special hand piece in order to target the vein or reddened skin area
-The absorbed light causes thermocoagulation of the treated blood vessel
SOLUTIONS RATED A+
✔✔How is a V/Q scan performed? - ✔✔-supine on table
-hour before test, IV is placed in arm and a slightly radioactive liquid agent is injected
through IV.
-gamma camera sctintigraphy is used to get multiple images of chest take from different
angles in order to detect radionuclide.
-during Ventilation scan: half of images, patient breaths from a tube inhaling mix of air,
oxygen, and radioactive version of gas, which is detected by camera, allowing airflow in
different parts of lung to be measured.
-during perfusion scan: other half of images, camera will track injected radionuclide in
order to determine the presence of blood flow in different locations of lung.
✔✔Interpretation of V/Q scan? - ✔✔Interpreted as representing high, moderate, or low
probability of PE, or they may be intermediate.
-patients with normal airflow but abnormal blood flow may have a PE.
-patients with localized areas of low blood flow may have other lung diseases, like
COPD.
✔✔What is pulmonary angiography? - ✔✔Evaluating pulmonary arteries for PE
✔✔What is a computed tomographic angiography(CTA)? - ✔✔-more often used to
evaluate PE. STUDY OF CHOICE FOR PE.
-uses ionizing radiation to obtain cross sectional images of vasculature.
-can be performed with or without contrast agents, but it allows more discrete evaluation
of the vessels, pulmonary arteries and it's branches.
✔✔Limitations of pulmonary angiography? - ✔✔Similar to angiography
-allergic reaction to contrast medium
-complications like hematoma at puncture site.
✔✔Limitations of computed tomographic angiography? - ✔✔-can have allergic reaction
to contrast medium
-images can be degraded by patient motion
✔✔Technique for pulmonary angiography? - ✔✔-IV inserted
-catheter is advanced through veins passing through right atrium into the pulmonary
artery
-contrast injected and images taken as contrast moves through Arteries in lung
✔✔Technique for CTA? - ✔✔-Contrast injected through superficial peripheral vein
(cephalic)
Images obtained as contrast moves through Arteries in lung.
, ✔✔How do you decrease risk for venous stasis? - ✔✔-limiting long periods of inactivity
or bed rest, promoting venous drainage when inactive
-leg elevation
-support stockings
-pneumatic compression devices
-weight management
✔✔What are varicose veins? - ✔✔Enlarged veins that appear as purple or blue and
may appear twisted and/or bulging near skin surface.
-very small varicosities,"spider veins(telangiectasias)", usually not medically significant.
-large veins may be painful and/or symptomatic of venous disease leading to serious
venous complication.
✔✔What causes varicose veins? - ✔✔1. Chronic ambulatory venous hypertension, or
high pressure in veins due to loss of valve function or obstruction.
2. Pregnancy (increased blood volume along with increased abdominal pressure).
3. Heredity
4. Prolonged standing(pressure in legs remains elevated for long periods of time).
5. Trauma
6. Age (when veins lose Thierry elasticity and more easily stretch, allow blood to pool).
7. Obesity May be considered
✔✔Most common cause of varicose veins? - ✔✔Incompetence of the greater
saphenous vein
✔✔What is venous ablation? - ✔✔Uses heat energy to close off the diseases vein.
-if cannot be performed microphlebectomy, the surgical removal of the diseases vein,
may be considered
✔✔What is sclerotheraphy? - ✔✔The injection of a sclerosing solution, an irratant, into
the vessel, resulting in its closure
-larger veins may be treated with this but foam sclerotheraphy is more successful.
✔✔What is foam sclerotheraphy? - ✔✔A solution is injected as a foam instead of a
liquid.
✔✔Advantages of foam sclerotheraphy? - ✔✔1. Better visualization while it spreads
through targeted veins
2. Ability to use smaller amounts of solution
3. Better contact inside the veins due to the foam medium (it stays longer and is not
diluted by mixing with blood inside vein.)
✔✔What is surface laser treatment? - ✔✔-Uses a precise amount of light that is pulsed
through a special hand piece in order to target the vein or reddened skin area
-The absorbed light causes thermocoagulation of the treated blood vessel
