Maryville NURS 611 Exam 3 Review Questions With Correct Answers

Maryville NURS 611 Exam 3 Review Questions With
Correct Answers

What 2 unique properties do RBC's have? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-1. Biconcave
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shape
2. Capacity to be reversibly deformed
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What does the flattened, biconcave shape of an RBC provide? - CORRECT
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ANSWER✔✔-A surface area/ volume ratio thats optimal for gas diffusion into and
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out fo the cell
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How does the RBCs reversible deformity allow for the erythrocyte? - CORRECT
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ANSWER✔✔-To assume a more compact torpedo-like shape, squeeze through
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microcirculation, and return to normal | | | |




What is hemoglobin synthesis very dependent on? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-
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Nutritional intake |




Name two of the most important nutrients for hemoglobin synthesis? - CORRECT
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ANSWER✔✔--Vitamin B6 (pyridoxine) | |




-Iron


What are the values of iron for male and females? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-Male:
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16
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Female: 14 |

,What makes the iron cycle possible? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-Transferin
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What is transferrin? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-Plasma Carrier
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Explain the process of the iron cycle: - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-1. Tissue
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macrophages (mostly in spleen) break down ingested erythrocytes
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2. Break down ingested erythrocytes
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3. Return iron to the bloodstream directly or after storing it
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What are leukocytes and what two things do they do? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔--
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WBCs
1.Defends the body against microorganisms that cause infection
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2. Remove debris (dead/injured cells)
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What do leukocytes primarily act in? Where are they transported? - CORRECT
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ANSWER✔✔-The tissues but are transported in the circulation | | | | | | |




How many leukocytes does the average adult have? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-5-
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10k leukocytes/mm3 of blood
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What is the most numerous and best understood of the granulocytes? - CORRECT
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ANSWER✔✔-Neutrophils (PMN)
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What are immature neutrophils called? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-bands or stabs
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,What are mature neutrophils called? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-segmented
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neutrophils b/c of the appearance of their nucleus
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What happens when the demand for circulating mature neutrophils exceeds the
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supply? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-Marrow begins to release immature neutrophils
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in the blood
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What are responsible for "shift-to-the-left" or leukemoid reaction? (2) - CORRECT
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ANSWER✔✔-1. Premature release of immature white cells | | | | | | |




2. Systemic signs of infection such as fever
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What is anemia? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-1. A reduction in the total number of
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erythrocytes in the circulating blood | | | |




2. A decrease in the quality or quantity of hemoglobin
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What 4 things usually cause anemia? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-1. Impaired
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erythrocyte production | |




2. Blood loss (acute or chronic)
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3. Increased erythrocyte destruction
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4. Combo of all these
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What 2 things happen in megaloblastic anemia? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-1. Cells
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are challenged to make DNA
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2. RNA production proceeds normally
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, What are characteristics of megaloblastic anemia(3)? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-1.
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Cells have slow-maturing nuclei
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2. Normal maturing cytoplasm
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3. Megaloblastic erythroid precursors that grow large before the larger nuclei
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becomes mature enough to signal division
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What does megaloblastic anemia cause? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-The cell to be
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larger than normal
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What is an example of megaloblastic anemia? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-Pernicious
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anemia (Vit B12 deficiency anemia)
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What is the principal disorder of Pernicious anemia? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-
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Absence of Intrinsic factor | | |




Where is IF secreted and how is vit B12 involved? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-1.
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Gastric parietal cells
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2. Complexes with dietary vitamin B12 in the small intestine
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What can pernicious anemia lead to? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-Wide spectrum of
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hematologic and neuropsychiatric disorders that can be reversed by early
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diagnosis and prompt treatment | | |




What 2 characteristics are more likely to cause PA than the actual prevalence of
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vit B12 deficiency? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-1. Use of gastric acid-blocking agents
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